TBE in Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Christova
Keyword(s):  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Haemaphysalis Punctata ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
European Subtype ◽  
Highly Virulent

First cases of probable tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were reported in 1961 by Andonov et al. in eastern regions of Bulgaria.1 Possible TBE cases with the typical two-wave fever, originating from consumption of raw goat milk, were described back in 1953 by Vaptzarov et al. in southern Bulgaria.2 Investigations in the 1960s were able to isolate 3 tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strains from Haemaphysalis punctata and 1 from Dermacentor marginatus ticks from goats and sheep in the district of Plovdiv.3 The antigenic properties of these 4 virus strains were identical to the highly virulent strain “Hypr” of the European subtype of TBEV (TBEV-EU).

TBE in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Haemaphysalis Punctata ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
European Subtype ◽  
Highly Virulent

First cases of probable tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were reported in 1961 by Andonov et al. in eastern regions of Bulgaria.1 Possible TBE cases with the typical biphasic course, originating from consumption of raw goat milk, were described back in 1953 by Vaptzarov et al. in southern Bulgaria.2 Investigations in the 1960s were able to isolate 3 tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strains from Haemaphysalis punctata and 1 from Dermatocentor marginatus ticks from goats and sheep in the district of Plovdiv.3 The antigenic properties of these 4 virus strains were identical to the highly virulent strain “Hypr” of the European subtype of TBEV (TBEV-EU).3

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Adaptation in Different Host Environments and Existence of Quasispecies

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Renata Helmová ◽  
Václav Hönig ◽  
Hana Tykalová ◽  
Martin Palus ◽  
Lesley Bell-Sakyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Ricinus Tick ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Virus Adaptation ◽  
Virus Survival ◽  
Highly Virulent

A highly virulent strain (Hypr) of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was serially subcultured in the mammalian porcine kidney stable (PS) and Ixodes ricinus tick (IRE/CTVM19) cell lines, producing three viral variants. These variants exhibited distinct plaque sizes and virulence in a mouse model. Comparing the full-genome sequences of all variants, several nucleotide changes were identified in different genomic regions. Furthermore, different sequential variants were revealed to co-exist within one sample as quasispecies. Interestingly, the above-mentioned nucleotide changes found within the whole genome sequences of the new variants were present alongside the nucleotide sequence of the parental strain, which was represented as a minority quasispecies. These observations further imply that TBEV exists as a heterogeneous population that contains virus variants pre-adapted to reproduction in different environments, probably enabling virus survival in ticks and mammals.

scholarly journals The Value of the Effect of the Level of Specific Antibodeis on Elimination Different Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Strains

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Leonova ◽  
V. A. Lubova ◽  
A. V. Kalinin
Keyword(s):  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Vaccine Prophylaxis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Virus Strains

We have shown the levels of specific antibodies that can neutralize different strains on the virulence of the virus of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Specific immunoglobulin with its titers of 1:100, 1:400 и 1:3200 and two TBEV strains with its doses 3 lg TCID50/ ml (Dal negorsk - highly pathogenic, Primorye-437 - not pathogenic for humans). Evidential basis of the activity of residual virus has been obtained in vitro and in vivo in 3, 24, 48 and 72 hours after infection cells of culture PK and mice neinbrednyh by the test samples. Immunoglobulin does not have a protective effect, if its titer is 1:100; inhibits low virulent strain (P-437), but not Dal negorsk one, if its titer is 1:400; and inhibits both strains, it its titer is 1:3200. Regarding the models of different TBE virus strains, this article suggests new approaches to studying the efficacy of specific vaccine prophylaxis and individual prescription of the amount and terms of revaccination for tick-borne encephalitis.

scholarly journals European Subtype Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus inIxodes persulcatusTicks

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu E. Jääskeläinen ◽  
Elina Tonteri ◽  
Tarja Sironen ◽  
Laura Pakarinen ◽  
Antti Vaheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
European Subtype

Full genome sequences and molecular characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains isolated from human patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Formanová ◽  
Jiří Černý ◽  
Barbora Černá Bolfíková ◽  
James J. Valdés ◽  
Irina Kozlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Strains

TBE in Belarus

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Central European ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
European Subtype

Almost the entire territory of Belarus is believed to be endemic for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), with the Central European subtype, also known as TBEV-EU (Figure 1). In all, 96 counties (i.e., 71.5% of all administrative districts) are considered to be risk areas for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). The most intensive natural foci have been found in the western part of the country (Brest and Grodno Area), and infections in these areas account for an average of 40% each of the total number of reported cases

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