Consulta e diagnóstico farmacêutico da Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2: uma revisão sistemática

Introdução: Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM 2) se desenvolve quando a secreção de insulina é inadequada para atender às necessidades crescentes que surgem com a resistência à insulina. Objetivo: Destacar a importância do farmacêutico no acompanhamento de tratamento do paciente com Diabetes Mellitus do tipo 2. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática em bancos de dados on line e impressos, em livros, teses, dissertações e artigos por meio dos descritores combinados entre si ou não: “Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2”, “consulta farmacêutica”, “tratamento farmacêutico de DM tipo 2”, “acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico” e “Diabetes Mellitus type 2”, “pharma consulting”, “pharmacological treatment of DM type 2”, “pharmacotherapeutic pharmacopoeia” realizado em bibliotecas virtuais Medline, Lilacs, Pubmed, Scielo e BVS. Resultados: Foram selecionados 32 artigos para compor a revisão sistemática e a bibliografia aqui utilizadas. Identificou-se que o tratamento e gerenciamento adequados de doenças crônicas (hipertensão, Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, dislipidemia, etc.) em instituições médicas primárias é a principal causa do aumento nas despesas médicas. No Brasil, de acordo com dados recentes, verifica-se que o número de adultos aumentou rapidamente na qual em tese destaca-se que a Diabetes Mellitus é uma doença crônica com maior probabilidade de ocorrer durante a transição da pobreza para a abundância. Conclusões: Espera-se que o diabetes se torne uma das principais doenças dos adultos no Brasil e continue sendo um problema de saúde pública no mundo por um período considerável no futuro.

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Assessment of the risk factors of glycemic variability in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Health and Ecology Issues ◽

10.51523/2708-6011.2020-17-3-9 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 62-68

Author(s):

E. S. Makhlina ◽

Y. L. Navmenova ◽

O. N. Kononova

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

Glycemic Variability ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

Outpatient Basis ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Hypoglycemic Therapy ◽

Dm Type 2

Objective: to assess the presence of glycemic variability in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM Type 2), as well as to identify the risk factors which affect the degree of expression of the variability indices. Material and methods. Glycemic variability indices were assessed in 92 patients with DM Type 2 receiving different hypoglycemic therapy regimens. Results . It has been found that glycemic variability in 78 % of the examined patients with DM Type 2 was expressed and depended on the regimen of hypoglycemic therapy. The use of insulin therapy in the treatment regimen in patients with DM Type 2 and a BMI of less than 28.6 kg/m2 is a risk factor that increases glycemic variability. Postprandial hyperglycemia (2 hours after breakfast) is caused by high variability regardless of the regimen of hypoglycemic therapy. SD variability indices and glycemic amplitude are the assessment criteria for the degree of glycemic variability in the postprandial period of time. Conclusion . Glycemic variability in patients with DM Type 2 is expressed and depends on the regimen of hypoglycemic therapy. Calculation of glycemic variability indices in glycemic self-control will improve individual target glycemia values and it will make it possible to correct the tactical scheme of hypoglycemic therapy on an outpatient basis.

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Dynamics of Psychological Status and Quality of Life Indicators in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Chronic Gastritis Before and After the Treatment

Galician Medical Journal ◽

10.21802/gmj.2020.1.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. E2020110

Author(s):

Yelizaveta Sirchak ◽

Silviya Patskun

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Stress Resistance ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Dm Type 2

Depression increases the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 development and the subsequent risks of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, micro- and macro-vascular complications. The association between depression and diabetes mellitus type 2 may include autonomic and neurohormonal dysregulation, weight gain, inflammation, and structural changes in the hippocampus. Objective of the work. To evaluate the psychological status and quality of life indicators in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic gastritis before and after the treatment with the use of medicine Magnicum-Antistress. Materials and methods. Based on the Endocrinology Department of the Transcarpathia Regional Clinical hospital named after A.Novak there were examined 40 patients, whose average age was to 53.7±4.1 years. All patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic gastritis were assessed for quality of life, psychological status, and stress levels using questionnaires, namely using the SF-36, “PSM-25 Psychological Stress Scale methodology”, Holmes and Rahe stress test. After the survey, all patients were treated with Magnicum-Antistress medicine on the background of pathogenetic treatment. Results. Thus, after the course of treatment during 1 month, the level of stress decreased, so in the male patients the high level of stress was observed in 58.3% of patients, and among female patients – 35.8%. Also, the level of stress-resistance increased, so in male patients, the low stress-resistance level was observed in 66.7% of patients, and among female patients – 25%. After the course of treatment according to the Quality of Life Assessment Scale (SF-36), patients showed a positive tendency in the indicators of the psychological and physical health components. Conclusions. The level of chronic stress in patients with DM type 2 and CG is mostly high (52.5%). The level of stress-resistance in the vast majority of patients with DM type 2 and CG is low (52.5%). Complex therapy with the use of the medicine Magnicum-Antistress in patients with DM type 2 and CG is pathogenetically justified, and also leads to an improvement in the quality of life and stress-resistance in these patients.

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HUBUNGAN SENAM DIABETES TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH PUASA DAN 2 JAM POST PRANDIAL PASIEN DM TYPE 2

Saintika Medika ◽

10.22219/sm.v12i1.5259 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Achmad Hanif ◽

Irma Suswati ◽

Dwi Nurwulan Pravitasari

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Dm Type 2

ABSTRAK Diabetes Mellitus type 2, merupakan salah satu keluhan umum yang sering dialami oleh pasien berumur diatas 45 tahun. Indonesia sendiri merupakan negara ke 4 paling banyak terkena kasus Diabetes Mellitus. Hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena pola makan yang tidak terjaga,olahraga yang kurang,dan lifestyle yang tidak sesuai. Senam diabetes merupakan langkah awal dalam mengatasi Diabetes MellitusTujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara senam diabetes terhadap kadar gula darah puasa dan 2 jam post prandial Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan model observasi analitik dengan desain cohort dilakukan di Puskesmas Kendal Kerepterhadap 52 sampel pasien yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan Wilcoxon.Hasil penelitian dan diskusi: Hasil analisis dengan korelasi Wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara senam diabetes terhadap kadar gula darah puasa dan 2 jam post prandial (p = 0,000)yang berarti senam merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah puasa dan 2 jam post prandial.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara senam diabetes terhadap kadar gula darah puasa dan 2 jam post prandial Kata Kunci : Gula darah puasa,Gula darah 2 jam post prandial,Senam diabetes.

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THE INFLUENCE OF LEPTIN ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 AND HYPOTHYROIDISM

EUREKA Health Sciences ◽

10.21303/2504-5679.2016.00099 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

Tatiana Yuzvenko ◽

Vladimir Pankiv

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Primary Hypothyroidism ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

Immunological Disorders ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Dm Type 2

The work deals with the determination of leptin and IL-6 influence on the development of immune disorders in patients with DM type 2 with hypothyroidism. There were examined 34 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and hypothyroidism and 27 patients with the primary hypothyroidism without DM. It was revealed that obesity is characterized with an increase of leptin and IL-6 levels that, in its turn, condition the development of system inflammation of the low intensity and result in the increase of risk of autoimmune changes. In patients with DM type 2 in combination with hypothyroidism on the background of obesity the indices of leptin, IL-6, CD4+, CD8+ and IRI reliably differed from the ones in the group of patients without obesity that testifies to the negative influence of obesity on the development of autoimmune immunological disorders in patients with DM type 2. There were established the correlations between BMI and leptin and IL-6 CD4+, CD8+, ІRI indices in patients with DM type 2 in combination with hypothyroidism.

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Lipid Disorders And Inflammation in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Treated With Statins

Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.2478/v10011-007-0005-9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 29-32

Author(s):

Biljana Jovović ◽

Nevenka Lečić ◽

Marija Jelić ◽

Goran Damnjanović ◽

Boris Đinđić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

Lipid Disorders ◽

Atherogenic Indices ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Vascular Adhesion ◽

Dm Type 2

Lipid Disorders And Inflammation in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Treated With Statins The research focused on 40 patients (22 women and 18 men) with DM type 2, 26 of who underwent statin therapy and 14 of them followed a hygienic-dietetic regime. After a year of careful observation, the concentration of triglycerides (TG) was determined, as well as the overall cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C, nonHDL cholesterol and atherogenic indices. As far as inflammatory indicators are concerned, the concentrations of highly sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) were determined; they were also compared among the therapy groups. The average TC and LDL-C values were considerably lower in the group treated by statins (5.6 ± 1.2 vs. 6.3 ± 1.4 mmol/L and 3.5 ± 0.9 vs. 4 ± 1.3 mmol/L, p<0.05). The values of TG, HDL-C, atherogenic indices LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C and inflammatory indicators ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 did not differ significantly among the groups. The values of nonHDL-C were considerably lower in the group treated by statins (4.5 ± 1.1 vs. 5.1 ± 1.3 mmol/L, p<0.05), as well as the values of hsCRP (3.3 ± 2.2 vs. 5.6 ± 2.17 mg/dl, p<0.01). Parallel analysis showed a significant correlation between the concentration of TC and LDL-C and the values of ICAM-1 (C=0.55 and C=0.65, p<0.05). Anti-lipoid effects of statins are complemented with their significant antiinflammatory influence on the reduction of the value of hsCRP, which proved to be the most important prognostic factor for the onset of atherosclerosis. Antiinflammatory effects of statins are supplemented by a significant decrease in the concentration of ICAM-1 in the conditions where the value of TC and LDL-C is reduced in patients with DM type 2.

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