Reconstructing Islam in a Post-metaphysical Age: Muhammad Iqbal’s Interpretation of Immortality

Muhammad Iqbal ◽

10.3366/edinburgh/9780748695416.003.0007 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher Scott McClure

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Modern Theory ◽

Human Actions ◽

Life Process

This chapter examines the doctrine of immortality in Muhammad Iqbal's thought, flushing out its religious and social impact. Iqbal presents a thoroughly modern theory of immortality — one rooted in teleology rather than metaphysics. Immortality is understood in two ways: as personal immortality and immortality in history. These two kinds of immortality exist in tension with each other. Iqbal reinterprets the traditional Islamic conception of immortality and resurrection as a reward to it being a culmination of the life-process of ego. However, this vision of immortality depends upon human actions and these actions happen within a society and may even be political. The implications are far-reaching for religion and society, including the believers' freedom to interpret their own religion (ijtihad) and asserting a place in India's future.

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Phenomenological Social Theory in the Context of Post-non-classics

Bulletin of Science and Practice ◽

10.33619/2414-2948/51/45 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 356-361

Author(s):

A. Antipina

Keyword(s):

Social Theory ◽

Natural Science ◽

Significant Contribution ◽

Point Of View ◽

Theory Of Knowledge ◽

Modern Theory ◽

Human Actions ◽

Phenomenological Sociology ◽

The Social ◽

New Type

The article uses the model of classical, non-classical and post-non-classical rationality. Post-non-classics is defined in the perspective of increasing the dependence of the object of Science on its method; the paper also analyzes the subjectivity of a new type in the modern theory of knowledge. On the basis of the undertaken analysis, the conclusion is made about the adequacy of phenomenological sociology of a new type of paradigmality — both its General worldview principles and transformations of the social theory itself. Thus, it is shown that phenomenological sociology makes a significant contribution to overcoming the extremes of mentalism and behaviorism in the explanation of human actions by social theory; from the point of view of the General ideological orientation, phenomenology outlines a new vector of relations between natural science and humanitarian knowledge.

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