scholarly journals Phenomenological Social Theory in the Context of Post-non-classics

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
A. Antipina
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Phenomenological Sociology ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type

The article uses the model of classical, non-classical and post-non-classical rationality. Post-non-classics is defined in the perspective of increasing the dependence of the object of Science on its method; the paper also analyzes the subjectivity of a new type in the modern theory of knowledge. On the basis of the undertaken analysis, the conclusion is made about the adequacy of phenomenological sociology of a new type of paradigmality — both its General worldview principles and transformations of the social theory itself. Thus, it is shown that phenomenological sociology makes a significant contribution to overcoming the extremes of mentalism and behaviorism in the explanation of human actions by social theory; from the point of view of the General ideological orientation, phenomenology outlines a new vector of relations between natural science and humanitarian knowledge.

scholarly journals The Social Theory of Knowledge and Belief

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-19
Author(s):  
Yusuke MATSUURA
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social

Islam, Religious Outlooks, and Support for Democracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabri Ciftci ◽  
F. Michael Wuthrich ◽  
Ammar Shamaileh
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Regime Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Support For Democracy ◽  
Social Realm ◽  
Muslim Religiosity

Despite a wealth of studies examining Muslim religiosity and democracy, uncertainty regarding Islam and attitudes toward democracy remains. Although the claims concerning the incompatibility of Islam and democracy are generally discarded, public opinion scholarship has yet to build much further from this important first step or incorporate a strong theoretical framework for analysis beyond this basic foundation. This paper seeks to integrate literature in social theory on religious worldviews with novel conceptualizations and measurement of distinct religious outlooks among the religious faithful to explain patterns in attitudes toward democracy. We construct a theory with clear expectations regarding these relationships and use the largest and best available survey data (Arab Democracy Barometer, Wave III) to test our predictions using latent class analysis and a series of multivariate regression estimations. The results of our empirical analysis reveal that there are important differences among practicing Muslims regarding the role that religion should play in the social realm and that these differences are relevant to the analysis of how faith shapes preferences for regime type and democracy. The analysis makes a significant contribution to the study of religion and political attitudes.

Democracy and Private Discretion in Business

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Dubbink
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Democratic Deficit ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social

Abstract:Some critics raise moral objections against corporate social responsibility on account of its supposedly undemocratic nature. They argue that it is hard to reconcile democracy with the private discretion that always accompanies the discharge of responsibilities that are not judicially enforceable. There are two ways of constructing this argument: the “perfect-market argument” and the ‘social-power argument.” This paper demonstrates that the perfect-market argument is untenable and that the social-power argument is sometimes valid. It also asserts that the proponents of the perfect-market argument are mistaken in their assumption that perfect markets are conducive to democracy. There are strong reasons to hold that perfect markets are undesirable from a democratic point of view. A proper conceptualization and differentiation of the relation between “the private and the public” can make this clear. The proponents of the social-power argument sometimes maintain that the democratic deficit can be compensated for by consulting the stakeholders affected. Against this, I will argue that the social power argument has nothing to offer affected parties. Still, it will be shown that modern theory on corporate social responsibility is not well accommodated to the democratic deficit as revealed by the social power argument.

The “Actors” of Modern Society: The Cultural Construction of Social Agency

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Meyer ◽  
Ronald L. Jepperson
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Social System ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Social

Much social theory takes for granted the core conceit of modern culture, that modern actors—individuals, organizations, nation states—are autochthonous and natural entities, no longer really embedded in culture. Accordingly, while there is much abstract metatheory about “actors” and their “agency,” there is arguably little theory about the topic. This article offers direct arguments about how the modern (European, now global) cultural system constructs the modern actor as an authorized agent for various interests via an ongoing relocation into society of agency originally located in transcendental authority or in natural forces environing the social system. We see this authorized agentic capability as an essential feature of what modern theory and culture call an “actor,” and one that, when analyzed, helps greatly in explaining a number of otherwise anomalous or little analyzed features of modern individuals, organizations, and states. These features include their isomorphism and standardization, their internal decoupling, their extraordinarily complex structuration, and their capacity for prolific collective action.

scholarly journals Networks of power and counterpower in social work with children and families in England

2021 ◽  
pp. 026101832110347
Author(s):  
Joe Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Network Society ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type ◽  
Manuel Castells

This article applies the work of Spanish sociologist Manuel Castells to contemporary children and families’ social work in England. Castells’ work suggests that the intractability of many of the issues facing the profession is the result of the new type of society that emerged around the turn of the millennium: the network society. Within this society, the interests and values of dominant networks are imposed upon those who are selectively excluded. Several challenges for the social work profession stemming from this analysis are posed, including in relation to challenging networks and promoting transparency. However, it is suggested that the most significant contribution Castells’ work has for social work lies in shifting the discussion from an analysis of dominant networks, as has been undertaken elsewhere, towards an understanding of how social workers can, and do, build networks of counterpower capable of effectively challenging dominant networks in the space they occupy.

scholarly journals Digital Society and Multi-Dimensional Man (Repositioning Marcuse’s One-Dimensional Man)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-296
Author(s):  
A. Z. Chernyak ◽  
E. Lemanto
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Herbert Marcuse ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type

One of the major concerns of the social philosophy is the technological revolution and its impacts on the social systems. Critical views on the systems from the social philosophers depart from the social predicaments of their time. The pivotal critic of Karl Marx in his work of Das Capital , for example, is on poverty caused by the system of capitalism. Capitalism, for him, only produces various social downturns such as slavery, oppressions, exploitations and impoverishment. Herbert Marcuse, meanwhile, pointed at the same problem, but he came from a different point of view from Marx. Marcuse criticized the abundant society. In One Dimensional Man Marcuse rendered a couple of incisive critics on the industrial society. Industrial society, for him, is marked by the abundance and surplus but this society is still oppressed under a new type of slavery, called voluntary slavery . We may briefly say that both philosophers rendered critics on the same matter of the industrial society, but the two stood on the different position. Marx’s critic was on the hungry and deficient society, while Marcuse on a satiated, plenteous and surplus society. The aim of this paper is to present of how Marcuse’s One-Dimensional Man ends in the digital age.

Economy and society: from Parsons through Habermas to semiotic institutionalism

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Heiskala
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Problem ◽  
Théorie Sociale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Great Transformation ◽  
The One ◽  
Cette Question

English The great transformation to modernity made the economy the major organizing factor of the social synthesis, thus bringing forth the issue of the economy/society relationship as the central problem of modern social theory. This article deals with two broad approaches to this problem: Parsons's and Habermas's variants of structural-functionalism, on the one hand, and various currents of (neo)institutionalism, on the other. An attempt to synthesize the benefits of these conflicting approaches is made from the point of view of semiotic institutionalism. What emerges is a general theoretical framework, which is better equipped than the original structural-functionalist and institutionalist conceptions for the analysis of the economy/society relationship. French Les grandes transformations vers la modernité ont fait de l'économie le principal facteur organisateur de la synthèse sociale, portant sur le devant de la scène la question de la relation économie/société en tant que question centrale de la théorie sociale moderne. L'article s'intéresse à deux grandes approches de cette question: les variantes structuro-fonctionnalistes de Parsons et Habermas d'une part, et divers courants du (néo)institutionnalisme de l'autre. L'auteur s'efforce de faire la synthèse des points forts de ces deux approches conflictuelles du point de vue de l'institutionnalisme sémiotique. Il en émerge un cadre théorique général plus adapté que les conceptions structurofonctionnalistes et institutionnalistes à l'analyse de la relation économie/société.

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