The Deleuzian Subject

Author(s):  
Cheri Lynne Carr

In his earliest work, Deleuze presents a relational theory of subjectivity in constant flux. The larval, passive flux becomes an active subject capable of saying “I” through the exercise of certain capacities or faculties, namely, the habit of forming habits. Though the exercise of habit formation is passive, the result is an activated subject with the capacity to intervene in its own passive processes, capable of undertaking the difficult, transformative, and liberating work of destroying old habits of thinking and acting in favor of creating new ones that embrace fluidity, ambiguity, freedom, and difference. Yet, this capacity for catalyzing transformative change is frequently subverted from the inside. This is the ethical problem at the center of Deleuze’s ontology of change: the very habits that produce the conditions of becoming an ethical subject also produce the desire for repression of the fluidity of becoming. That is, the desire for fascism is the companion of the movement of subjectivation.

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 2868-2884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Bartels

This article examines how social innovation (SI) research can co-produce transformative change in cities. A key challenge is to diffuse and sustain SIs in ways that transform the relational webs that constitute local spaces and their governance. The relational approach to SI is conceptually promising in this respect, but its foundations and practices need to be further developed. Therefore, I develop a relational ‘theory–methods package’ of practice theory and action research. By co-producing immediately usable insights, experiences and artefacts in the daily practice of SI, this approach enables researchers to gradually create conditions for a transformative trajectory of learning and change in urban governance. I critically appraise four research practices in the context of SI in Dutch urban governance and reflect on the transformative potential of this relational theory–methods package.


Author(s):  
Nikolay S. Savkin

Introduction. Radical pessimism and militant anti-natalism of Arthur Schopenhauer and David Benathar create an optimistic philosophy of life, according to which life is not meaningless. It is given by nature in a natural way, and a person lives, studies, works, makes a career, achieves results, grows, develops. Being an active subject of his own social relations, a person does not refuse to continue the race, no matter what difficulties, misfortunes and sufferings would be experienced. Benathar convinces that all life is continuous suffering, and existence is constant dying. Therefore, it is better not to be born. Materials and Methods. As the main theoretical and methodological direction of research, the dialectical materialist and integrative approaches are used, the realization of which, in conjunction with the synergetic technique, provides a certain result: is convinced that the idea of anti-natalism is inadequate, the idea of giving up life. A systematic approach and a comprehensive assessment of the studied processes provide for the disclosure of the contradictory nature of anti-natalism. Results of the study are presented in the form of conclusions that human life is naturally given by nature itself. Instincts, needs, interests embodied in a person, stimulate to active actions, and he lives. But even if we finish off with all of humanity by agreement, then over time, according to the laws of nature and according to evolutionary theory, man will inevitably, objectively, and naturally reappear. Discussion and Conclusion. The expected effect of the idea of inevitability of rebirth can be the formation of an optimistic orientation of a significant part of the youth, the idea of continuing life and building happiness, development. As a social being, man is universal, and the awareness of this universality allows one to understand one’s purpose – continuous versatile development.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yoongu Lee ◽  
Yong-Jin Yoon ◽  
Sibak Sung

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bernard Kuharik
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