scholarly journals A Review on Land Use in the Malaysian State of Sarawak, Borneo and Recommendations for Wildlife Conservation Inside Production Forest Environment

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Hon ◽  
Shozo Shibata
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Forested Area ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
Production Forests

The Malaysian state of Sarawak, which lies in the island of Borneo, is rich in plant and animal diversity, andforms one of the global biodiversity hotspots. The major land uses include logging, agriculture and forestplantations. Deforestation and degradation of forests are occurring at a rate of 0.64% annually, largely due toexpansion of oil palm plantations which increases at an average rate of 10.2% annually. More areas are beingconverted into forest plantations, which accounts for 3.25% of the total forested area. On the other hand,protected areas remain small, representing only 6.64% of total forested area or 4.23% of the total land area, andare located far apart. The bulk of forests are subjected to logging and many areas may be converted in thefuture to other land use such as agriculture. Furthermore, logging has been a major economic activity, and willcontinue to be so in the future. Hence, the network of production forests become crucial for wildlife andworking with logging companies in this aspect is a realistic approach towards wildlife conservation. Somemeasures proposed include encouraging collaborative research in production forests; making sustainable forestmanagement practices mandatory; creating buffer zones in areas adjacent to protected areas; and maintainingmaximum connectivity of habitat for wildlife.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Wildlife in Protected Area Borderlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandra Merz ◽  
Elizabeth F Pienaar ◽  
Timothy Fik ◽  
Shylock Muyengwa
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Shared Spaces

Increases in human-wildlife conflict globally threaten human wellbeing and biodiversity conservation. Sustainable solutions that promote coexistence of people and wildlife are needed, especially in human-dominated landscapes surrounding protected areas. People′s attitudes toward wildlife influence their behaviors, including tolerance for human-wildlife interactions, poaching, and habitat degradation. Better understanding of how to improve people′s attitudes toward wildlife is instrumental to promoting coexistence between people and wildlife in shared spaces. Efforts to promote coexistence often fail because they are based on the inaccurate assumption that people′s attitudes towards wildlife are directly and proportionally related to wildlife-based financial incentives and costs. In reality, people′s attitudes towards wildlife are far more complex. We analyzed surveys (n=237) from Mozambique to examine people′s attitudes toward wildlife in the buffer zones surrounding protected areas using logistic regression and Getis-Ord hot-spot analysis (GI*). Mozambique, which is under-represented in the wildlife-based research literature, is characterized by extreme poverty and rewilding efforts. We found that most respondents were tolerant of wildlife and tolerance was positively correlated with people′s age, gender, and agreement with rules governing wildlife conservation. People′s tolerance for wildlife was also reinforced if they receive benefits from wildlife and are situated further from the park fence. Predation, human harm, and crop loss were not significant predictors of tolerance. We found no evidence of spatial patterns in tolerance for wildlife. Our results suggest that wildlife conservation programs are more likely to be successful if benefits are distributed equitably and community members are actively involved in decision making.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal Changes in Land Use Land Cover and its Impacts on Wildlife Conservation in Meru Conservation Area, Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kiria Edwin ◽  
Magana Adiel ◽  
Njue Cyprian
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
The Impact

Habitat conversion can be a major threat to biodiversity. Recent and current levels of human activities on landscapes appear to be overriding the natural changes to ecosystems brought about by climate variations in the past millennia. The impact of anthropogenic activities on wildlife habitat and species vary depending on the spatial and temporal scales considered and the persistence of the activities in the landscape. This study was carried out in Meru Conservation Area (MCA) to examine land use and land cover changes (LULC) that have taken place within and around the Protected Area (PA) from 1985 with an emphasis of anthropogenic activities which have altered wildlife habitat and species. The distribution of land use types within and around MCA has produced land use patterns which this study seeks to establish the extent and effects in relation to wildlife conservation. To establish the LULC, Landsat satellite images of medium resolution were acquired and interpretation done using ArchGIS. Four satellite images with a span of three decades from 1985 to 2015 were acquired for analysis. The results revealed significant changes in MCA ecosystem over the study period, accounting for 9.9% and 6.1% increase in grassland and bareland respectively. This means that agricultural activities are encroaching towards the protected areas in the land that was formerly used as wildlife corridors and dispersal areas. It is also an indication that there is a significant change in the forestland and shrubland which has reduced by 2.3% and 15.7% respectively resulting to bareland and grassland. The results of the study provide an insight on the threat to the future survival of wildlife in their ecosystems due to declining ecosystems productivity as well as socioeconomic livelihood of communities living around the MCA. The results of this study therefore call for an integrated planning approach towards management of protected areas in order to meet wildlife and human needs in view of the changing climate regimes.

Spatial and temporal characterization of land-use in the Buffalo National River Watershed

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.D. SCOTT ◽  
T.H. UDOUJ
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Buffalo River ◽  
Forest Lands

Today there is much concern about the potential contamination, overuse and development of scenic rivers in more or less pristine environments. The objective of this work was to quantify the spatial and temporal changes in land-use occurring in a watershed draining a nationally protected river. The Buffalo National River of Arkansas was chosen to serve as an example of how Geographic Information System (GIS) technology can rapidly assess the environmental changes that have occurred within a watershed. GIS was used to develop a spatial database of the watershed and to describe differences in land-use data from five sample years during 1965–92. Over this time span, approximately 40 000 ha of forest were lost and converted primarily to pasture. The average rate of loss of forest was 1480 ha/yr. During this same period, the average rate of gain of pasture was 1381 ha/yr. Buffer analyses showed that pasture increased at a higher percentage rate in the buffer zones surrounding the Buffalo River than in the tributaries of the Buffalo River, and a large proportion of the increase was on higher slopes. Land-use changes were dynamic with a greater area converted to pasture than area of pasture converted to forest in the watershed. The cleared forest lands were mostly near older pastures and along streams. The reforested lands tended to occur in the more isolated areas. The Buffalo River Watershed has undergone changes in land-use that may have had impact on the water quality of the region.

scholarly journals Buffer Zone Management System in Protected Areas of Nepal

2014 ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Prasad Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Zone Management

Maintenance of eco-system diversity is often carried out by establishing national parks, wildlife reserves and other protected areas. The fourth amendment of the National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act in 1992 made the provision of buffer zone for protected areas considering buffer zone, an area of 2km in the vicinity of the park could benefit from park revenue (30-50 percent) and in return the community is supposed to participate and assist in park management activities. Between 1996 and 2010 Government of Nepal demarcated buffer zones of 12 protected areas covering a total area of 5602.67 square kilometer in 83 VDCs and two Municipalities of 27 districts where benefiting human population is over 0.9 million. In the buffer zone management programme emphasis has been given on the natural resource management where need of eco-friendly land use practices and peoples participation in conservation for long term sustainability are encouraged. This paper is an attempt to outline the various activities that have been executed under buffer zone management programme of Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation with the internal resources, local communities and support from UNDP, WWF Nepal, CARE Nepal, NTNC and other various partners for the conservation and development of buffer zones in Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ttp.v11i0.11558The Third PoleVol. 11-12, 2012Page : 34-44

scholarly journals Land Use Dynamics and Optimization from 2000 to 2020 in East Guangdong Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3473
Author(s):  
Yong Lai ◽  
Guangqing Huang ◽  
Shengzhong Chen ◽  
Shaotao Lin ◽  
Wenjun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Land Use Dynamics

Anthropogenic land-use change is one of the main drivers of global environmental change. China has been on a fast track of land-use change since the Reform and Opening-up policy in 1978. In view of the situation, this study aims to optimize land use and provide a way to effectively coordinate the development and ecological protection in China. We took East Guangdong (EGD), an underdeveloped but populous region, as a case study. We used land-use changes indexes to demonstrate the land-use dynamics in EGD from 2000 to 2020, then identified the hot spots for fast-growing areas of built-up land and simulated land use in 2030 using the future land-use simulation (FLUS) model. The results indicated that the cropland and the built-up land changed in a large proportion during the study period. Then we established the ecological security pattern (ESP) according to the minimal cumulative resistance model (MCRM) based on the natural and socioeconomic factors. Corridors, buffer zones, and the key nodes were extracted by the MCRM to maintain landscape connectivity and key ecological processes of the study area. Moreover, the study showed the way to identify the conflict zones between future built-up land expansion with the corridors and buffer zones, which will be critical areas of consideration for future land-use management. Finally, some relevant policy recommendations are proposed based on the research result.

scholarly journals Beware of dogs! Domestic animals as a threat for wildlife conservation in Alpine protected areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Costanzi ◽  
Alice Brambilla ◽  
Alessia Di Blasio ◽  
Alessandro Dondo ◽  
Maria Goria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Domestic Animals

Analytical Solutions to Trade-Offs between Size of Protected Areas and Land-Use Intensity

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 883-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
VAN BUTSIC ◽  
VOLKER C. RADELOFF ◽  
TOBIAS KUEMMERLE ◽  
ANNA M. PIDGEON
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Spatial Assessment of the Potential Impact of Infrastructure Development on Biodiversity Conservation in Lowland Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Sharma ◽  
Bhagawat Rimal ◽  
Nigel Stork ◽  
Himlal Baral ◽  
Maheshwar Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Ecological Sites ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
The Impact

Biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate with infrastructure development being one of the leading causes. New infrastructure, such as roads, provides new access and results in increased land clearing and wildlife hunting. A number of large infrastructure projects, including new roads and rail, are being planned in Nepal. We show the application of readily available remotely sensed data and geospatial tools to assess the potential impact of these future developments on habitat quality under three protection-level scenarios. Our findings reveal that there is currently large spatial heterogeneity in habitat quality across the landscape as a result of current anthropogenic threats, and that three areas in particular could have up to 40% reduction in habitat quality as a result of the planned infrastructure. Further research is required to determine more precisely the impact on key species. Strengthening protected areas and buffer zones will contribute to mitigating degradation to some degree, however, large areas of biologically significant areas outside protected areas will be affected without new controls. Our geographic information systems (GIS) based methodology could be used to conduct studies in data poor developing countries, where rapid infrastructure development across ecological sites are ongoing, in order to make society, policy makers, and development planners aware.

Constraints on socio-buffering around the Mantadia National Park in Madagascar

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Shyamsundar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Stake Holder ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Integrated Conservation ◽  
Integrated Conservation And Development ◽  
Conservation And Development Projects

SummaryIntegrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs) involve the establishment of parks and reserves with protective or buffer zones around them. Socio-buffering provides local residents with alternatives to traditional land-use activities, but the actual implementation of socio-buffering programmes is difficult.Socio-economic requirements and constraints to socio-buffering were assessed for the Mantadia National Park in eastern Madagascar based on five criteria. Previously unused lands for compensating people for loss of access to areas within the park were found to be insufficient. While there existed institutions and programmes for developing substitute land-use activities, successful adoption of these activities was crucially dependent on their economic viability. Socio-buffering activities need to not only provide goods that are substitutes for goods that are traditionally consumed, but they also need to be at least as profitable as traditional economic efforts. Also, if land and labour are not a constraint to agricultural expansion, socio-buffering activities can themselves result in increased deforestation. Finally, the long-term effectiveness of socio-buffering was likely to be dependent on the satisfaction of a number of stake-holder interests, and on explicit linkages developed between socio-buffering activities and conservation.

scholarly journals Integrated Landscape Change Analysis of Protected Areas and their Surrounding Landscapes: Application in the Brazilian Cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Bellón ◽  
Julien Blanco ◽  
Alta De Vos ◽  
Fabio de O. Roque ◽  
Olivier Pays ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Landscape Dynamics ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Conservation Areas

Remote sensing tools have been long used to monitor landscape dynamics inside and around protected areas. Hereto, scientists have largely relied on land use and land cover (LULC) data to derive indicators for monitoring these dynamics, but these metrics do not capture changes in the state of vegetation surfaces that may compromise the ecological integrity of conservation areas’ landscapes. Here, we introduce a methodology that combines LULC change estimates with three Normalized Difference Vegetation Index-based proxy indicators of vegetation productivity, phenology, and structural change. We illustrate the utility of this methodology through a regional and local analysis of the landscape dynamics in the Cerrado Biome in Brazil in 2001 and 2016. Despite relatively little natural vegetation loss inside core protected areas and their legal buffer zones, the different indicators revealed significant LULC conversions from natural vegetation to farming land, general productivity loss, homogenization of natural forests, significant agricultural expansion, and a general increase in productivity. These results suggest an overall degradation of habitats and intensification of land use in the studied conservation area network, highlighting serious conservation inefficiencies in this region and stressing the importance of integrated landscape change analyses to provide complementary indicators of ecologically-relevant dynamics in these key conservation areas.

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