scholarly journals Using a Conflict Framework Analysis to Help Beekeepers and Giant Armadillos (Priodontes maximus) Coexist

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana L. Catapani ◽  
Carla Morsello ◽  
Bruna Oliveira ◽  
Arnaud L. J. Desbiez
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Design ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Conservation Interventions

Damage caused by wildlife is one reason preventing peaceful coexistence between humans and wildlife. To identify the complexity and scope of human-wildlife interactions and to guide conservation interventions, a theoretical framework has been recently proposed, based on the field of conflict analysis and peacebuilding. Despite its importance, to our knowledge, there are no studies yet testing the framework. We therefore adapted and expanded the framework to investigate a wildlife-people interaction scenario, involving damage by giant armadillos (Priodontes maximus) to apiaries in the Brazilian Cerrado biome of Mato Grosso do Sul state. From August to November 2018, we interviewed 111 beekeepers identified through a mixed random and snowball sampling design to assess at which level of conflict this interaction could be framed, and to identify strategies able to promote coexistence. Analysis of the five key areas of the framework suggested the current human-wildlife interaction is a level one conflict. This means the negative relation between beekeepers and giant armadillos is still not rooted in less visible, more complex social disagreements, but founded in a material dispute: destruction of beehives. We used the findings to create an intervention strategy which involves: (i) the implementation of mitigation strategies that prevent giant armadillos from predating beehives; (ii) a certification scheme to acknowledge beekeepers' efforts to implement the mitigation strategies, and (iii) a Citizen Science Program using an app that enables data gathering for adaptive management, as well as maintains beekeeper engagement. We hope beekeepers-giant armadillos' coexistence will become beneficial rather than a challenge with the novel interventions.

scholarly journals Constitutive heterochromatin heteromorphism in the Neotropical armored catfish Hypostomus regani (Ihering, 1905) (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) from the Paraguay River basin (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greicy Ellen de Brito Ferreira ◽  
Ligia Magrinelli Barbosa ◽  
Ana Camila Prizon-Nakajima ◽  
Suzana de Paiva ◽  
Margarida Maria de Rossi Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Pericentromeric Region ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chromosome Microdissection ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Paraguay River ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

A cytogenetic analysis based on the integration of a number of different chromosomal methodologies, including chromosome microdissection was carried out to characterize the chromosomally polymorphic Hypostomusregani population from the Paraguay River basin, state of Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil. All specimens had 2n=72 (FN=116) but two distinct karyotype formulas: karyomorph A (12m+14sm+18s+28a) and karyomorph B (13m+14sm+17st+28a). Karyomorph A and B differed only for pair 19 that consisted of two subtelocentrics in karyomorph A and a large metacentric and a subtelocentric in karyomorph B. This heteromorphism was due to extensive heterochromatinization of the short arm of the large metacentric, as highlighted by C-banding. The microdissection of the large metacentric of pair 19 allowed the production of a probe, named HrV (Hypostomusregani Variant), that hybridized to the whole p arm of the large metacentric and the pericentromeric region of the short arm of its (subtelocentric) homologue (karyomorph B) and of both homologs of pair 19 in karyomorph A. Additional cytogenetic techniques (FISH with 18S and 5S rDNA probes, CMA3 and DAPI staining) allowed a finer distinction of the two karyomorphs. These results reinforced the hypothesis that the novel large metacentric of H.regani (karyomorph B) was the result of the amplification of heterochromatin segments, which contributed to karyotypic diversification in this species.

scholarly journals Candida golubevii sp. nov., an asexual yeast related to Metschnikowia lunata

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Rosa ◽  
Sasitorn Jindamorakot ◽  
Savitree Limtong ◽  
Takashi Nakase ◽  
Fernando C. Pagnocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Two strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from insect frass and a flower in Thailand and Brazil, respectively. The strain from Thailand was isolated from insect frass collected in Than-Tong waterfall, Nong Khai Province, whereas the strain from Brazil was recovered from a flower of Ipomoea sp. collected on the banks of the Paraguai River in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rDNA of both strains were identical. This novel species belonged to the Metschnikowia clade and was related to Metschnikowia lunata. No signs of sporulation were observed for the two strains on various culture media. The novel species, Candida golubevii sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate these isolates. The type strain is BCC 8332T (=CBS 11362T=NBRC 105679T).

scholarly journals The contribution of stigma to the transmission and treatment of tuberculosis in a hyperendemic indigenous population in Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243988
Author(s):  
Ida Viktoria Kolte ◽  
Lucia Pereira ◽  
Aparecida Benites ◽  
Islândia Maria Carvalho de Sousa ◽  
Paulo Cesar Basta
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Treatment Delay ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Mato Grosso

Background The Guarani-Kaiowá are Brazil's second-largest indigenous group. Average annual tuberculosis (TB) incidence rates among the Guarani-Kaiowá are nearly 400/100,000 in Mato Grosso do Sul state, ten times the national average. Although stigma is considered crucial for TB control in indigenous communities, few studies have investigated TB stigma among indigenous populations. This study sought to understand the role of TB-related stigma and perceptions of TB in maintaining hyperendemic TB transmission in the Guarani-Kaiowá communities. Methods Various forms of stigma were explored through semi-structured interviews with 19 patients, 11 relatives, and 23 community members. Patients were identified from the registry of the healthcare service. Community members, selected by snowball sampling, were matched by gender and village of residence. Interviews were conducted in Guarani and Portuguese and later translated into English. Framework analysis was performed using NVivo. Results Traditional beliefs of a weakening of the body allowing the disease to enter were common, but the exact mechanism of transmission was unknown. Strong community/public stigma associated TB with uncleanliness, abuse, and irresponsibility. Anticipated stigma led to significant treatment delays for fear of exclusion and losing employment. While most patients felt supported by their families, nearly all patients related experienced/enacted stigma in the community such as gossip, avoidance, and social exclusion, leading to long-lasting internalized/self-stigma. Secondary stigmatization of relatives was widespread, and blanket latent TB infection (LTBI) treatment of patients’ households was a contributing factor in treatment delay. The healthcare service unnecessarily added to stigmatization by enforcing separate utensils and sleeping arrangements for patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that stigma is a driver for treatment delay and continued transmission of TB in the community. The stigmatization of TB was rooted in a poor understanding of TB transmission, partly because of incorrect orientation by the healthcare service. Interventions to reduce TB-associated stigma are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Percepção da sociedade sobre as ações socioeconômicas e ambientais do segmento sucroenergético em Mato Grosso do Sul

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Alex Sandro Richter Won Mühlen ◽  
Raul Asseff Castelão ◽  
Celso Correia de Souza ◽  
Daniel Massen Frainer ◽  
Josimar Fernandes de França
Keyword(s):  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido na linha de pesquisa Sociedade, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável. Teve como objetivo verificar a percepção da sociedade quanto às ações de sustentabilidade promovidas pelas empresas do segmento sucroenergético do Mato Grosso do Sul. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva, combinando informações quantitativas e qualitativas colhidas por meio de formulários aplicados a um grupo composto por representantes da sociedade nos principais municípios em que as empresas sucroenergéticas estão instaladas, utilizando-se a metodologia de amostragem Snowball Sampling ou 'Amostragem em Bola de Neve'. Os dados foram processados e analisados utilizando os softwares Sphinx Léxica 5.0 e SPSS 22. Os resultados demonstram que a sociedade tem pouca percepção sobre as ações de gestão da sustentabilidade promovidas pelas usinas da região, dentro das dimensões socioeconômica (média de 3,99 na escala de 1 a 7) e ambiental (média de 3,77 na escala de 1 a 7). Infere-se que, se as empresas sucroenergéticas desenvolvem ações de sustentabilidade, estas são pouco percebidas pela sociedade.

A Synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) in Brazil, with the Description of Two New Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
James Lucas da Costa-Lima ◽  
Earl Celestino de Oliveira Chagas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—A synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) for Brazil is presented. Six species are recognized: Dicliptera ciliaris, D. sexangularis, and D. squarrosa, widely distributed in South America; D. purpurascens, which ranges from the North Region of Brazil (in the state of Acre) to eastern Bolivia; D. gracilirama, a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; and D. granchaquenha, a new species recorded in dry and semideciduous forests in Bolivia and western Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Furthermore, we propose new synonyms and designate lectotypes for eleven names. An identification key to the six accepted Dicliptera species in Brazil is provided.

LUGARES E NÃO LUGARES DO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL: UEMS e UFGD Coleção Licenciaturas - Volume 1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. PERBONI ◽  
Carla Regina de Souza FIGUEIREDO ◽  
A. MARQUES ◽  
A. N. MILITÃO ◽  
C. N. JESUS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

O desafio do espaço platino às tendências de integração do antigo sul de Mato Grosso ao mercado nacional brasileiro: um hiato em dois tempos

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Cimo Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

O espaço correspondente ao atual Estado brasileiro de Mato Grosso do Sul foi incorporado, no século XVI, aos circuitos do Paraguai colonial, mas, já no século XVII, no contexto que S. B. de Holanda denomina refluxo assuncenho, a presença espanhola foi sendo substituída pela luso-brasileira, passando, portanto, essa região a vincular-se, ainda que de m o do inicialmente tênue, ao sudeste da América portuguesa. Em meados d o século XIX, c om a liberação da navegação brasileira pelo rio Paraguai, essa região voltou, de certo modo, a fazer parte do espaço platino. O presente trabalho busca evidenciar que, a despeito das notáveis mudanças induzidas pela livre navegação, esse último período de vinculação ao espaço platino constituiu, na verdade, uma espécie de "hiato", no interior do processo mais longo, representado pela vinculação com o mercado nacional brasileiro.

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