scholarly journals Maternal Serotonin: Shaping Developmental Patterns and Behavioral Strategy on Progeny in Molluscs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena E. Voronezhskaya
Keyword(s):  
Protein Modification ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Internal Fertilization ◽  
Serotonin Content ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Freshwater Molluscs ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Posttranslational Protein Modification ◽  
Almost All

Serotonin is a well-known neurotransmitter and neurohormone regulating mood, sleep, feeding, and learning in high organisms. Serotonin also affects the embryonic events related to neurogenesis and maturation of hormonal systems, the underlying organism adaptation to a changing environment. Such serotonin-based mother-to-embryo signaling is realized via direct interactions in case of internal fertilization and embryonic development inside the mother body. However, the possibility of such signaling is less obvious in organisms with the ancestral type of embryogenesis and embryo development within the egg, outside the mother body. Our data, based on the investigation of freshwater gastropod molluscs (Lymnaea and Helisoma), demonstrated a correlation between seasonal variations of serotonin content within the female reproductive system, and developmental patterns and the behavioral characteristics of progeny. The direct action of serotonin via posttranslational protein modification—serotonylation—during early development, as well as classical receptor-mediated effects, underlies such serotonin-modulated developmental changes. In the present paper, I will shortly overview our results on freshwater molluscs and parallel the experimental data with the living strategy of these species occupying almost all Holarctic regions.

VISUALIZATION OF SOVIET CHILDHOOD IN DRAWINGS BY EUGENIYA DVOSKINA

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-115
Author(s):  
Zhanna V. Umanskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Visual Sociology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Artistic Skill

The author explores ways to visualize the everyday life of the Brezhnev period’s soviet childhood in a Eugeniya Dvoskina’s drawings cycle «#forthosewhoremember». Comparing the artist’s work with other modern visual nostalgic projects, the significance of the selected source is justified: this cycle allows us to give an idea of the visual environment of the child, typical kinds of the children’s territory, public and private areas in the collective memory of the generation. Based on the methodology of visual sociology (P. Shtompka, O.V. Gavrishina), the author analyzes the reasons for the cycle’s perception of the older generation as uniquely “Soviet” and raises the question about markers of “Soviet childhood”. The universality and heritability of many children’s practices makes them timeless, so the design of the material world and symbols of Soviet ideology are main signs of the historical era. Compositional and graphic solutions of images play an important role for the viewer’s perception. Knowledge of nature and artistic skill allows the artist to create heroes with accurate behavioral characteristics and evokes, in addition to visual, almost all types of sensory memory (tactile, motor, audio). The use of accompaniment text, often in the form of speech formulas, is crucial for this effect. If we consider this cycle in the logic of S.”Boym’s reasoning about nostalgia, drawings about soviet childhood can be attributed to the procedural type of nostalgia, which is characterized by irony and contradictory attitude to the past. Eugeniya Dvoskina’s work provides a complex multi-faceted visualization of the everyday life of Soviet childhood in the 60–80s of the XX century.

scholarly journals Protein carbamylation and chronic kidney disease progression in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahir Kalim ◽  
Anders Berg ◽  
S Ananth Karumanchi ◽  
Ravi Thadhani ◽  
Andrew S Allegretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Posttranslational Protein Modification ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Nested Case Control

Abstract Background Protein carbamylation is a posttranslational protein modification caused, in part, by exposure to urea’s dissociation product cyanate. Carbamylation is linked to cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in dialysis dependent end stage kidney disease (ESKD), but its effects in earlier pre-dialysis stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not established. Methods We conducted two nested case-control studies within the CRIC Study. First, we matched 75 cases demonstrating CKD progression (50% eGFR reduction or reaching ESKD) to 75 controls (matched on baseline eGFR, 24-hour proteinuria, age, sex, and race). In the second study, we similarly matched 75 subjects who died during follow up (cases) to 75 surviving controls. Baseline carbamylated albumin levels (C-Alb, a validated carbamylation assay) were compared between cases and controls in each study. Results At baseline, in the CKD progression study, other than blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and smoking status, there were no significant differences in any matched or other parameter. In the mortality group, the only baseline difference was smoking status. Adjusting for baseline differences, the top tertile of C-Alb was associated with an increased risk of CKD progression (odds ratio [OR], 7.9; 95% CI, 1.9-32.8; P = 0.004) and mortality (OR 3.4; 95% CI, 1.0-11.4; P = 0.05) when compared to the bottom tertile. C-Alb correlated with eGFR but was more strongly correlated with BUN. Conclusions Our data suggest protein carbamylation is a predictor of CKD progression, beyond traditional risks including eGFR and proteinuria. Carbamylation’s association with mortality was smaller in this limited sample size.

Cytotoxic Pheofungins from an Engineered Fungus Impaired in Posttranslational Protein Modification

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (42) ◽  
pp. 9843-9847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstin Scherlach ◽  
Hans-Wilhelm Nützmann ◽  
Volker Schroeckh ◽  
Hans-Martin Dahse ◽  
Axel A. Brakhage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Modification ◽  
Posttranslational Protein Modification

Evolution of Larval Developmental Patterns and the Process of Freshwaterization in the Prawn Genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)

Crustaceana ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Sankolli ◽  
D.R. Jalihal ◽  
Shakuntala Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Normal Type ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe inland prawn genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868, is supposed to have originated from marine ancestors sometime in the beginning of the Pleistocene and since then its members have invaded freshwaters to different degrees. As such, these prawns are found to occupy almost all types of aquatic bodies right from purely marine through estuarine, riverine to impounded waters. Consequently, they have evolved various types of developmental patterns. Based on information available on more than 40 species, three basic types of larval developmental patterns can abe recognized in this genus viz., Prolonged or Normal Type (with 8 to 20 stages), Partially Abbreviated Type (with 2 or 3 stages) and Completely Abbreviated Type (with only 1 stage). However, there are several species showing transitional developmental patterns. Thus, the process of freshwaterization seems to be still continuing in the genus. Incidentally, the above knowledge can be applied in prawn culture as a basis for selection of a suitable candidate for forage species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document