scholarly journals Co-Design of a Trustworthy AI System in Healthcare: Deep Learning Based Skin Lesion Classifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto V. Zicari ◽  
Sheraz Ahmed ◽  
Julia Amann ◽  
Stephan Alexander Braun ◽  
John Brodersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
System Component ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Early Design Phase

This paper documents how an ethically aligned co-design methodology ensures trustworthiness in the early design phase of an artificial intelligence (AI) system component for healthcare. The system explains decisions made by deep learning networks analyzing images of skin lesions. The co-design of trustworthy AI developed here used a holistic approach rather than a static ethical checklist and required a multidisciplinary team of experts working with the AI designers and their managers. Ethical, legal, and technical issues potentially arising from the future use of the AI system were investigated. This paper is a first report on co-designing in the early design phase. Our results can also serve as guidance for other early-phase AI-similar tool developments.

scholarly journals Framework for resolving problems resulting from lean integration from the early design phases of production 3D printing machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-290
Author(s):  
Rabih Slim ◽  
Rémy Houssin ◽  
Amadou Coulibaly ◽  
Masih Hanifi ◽  
Hicham Chibane
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Printing Machine ◽  
Early Design Phase

We focus on improving the performance of production machines (timesaving, flexibility, cost-effectiveness, safety) from the early design phase. Lean integration during the design phases might be a more appropriate solution, but this could be a source of some contradictions related to the machine performance and the usage requirements. In this paper, we propose an approach, based on Lean and Inventive Design Methodology (IDM-TRIZ), to identify and resolve these contradictions due to the Lean integration and also to provide innovative technical solutions. The approach is illustrated by the integration of the functionalities of the ''Single Minute of Exchange of Dies'' (SMED) and the ''5S'' method from the early design phase. A case study about the ''3D printer clogged nozzle'' outlines the feasibility of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Adaptability of Primary and Middle Schools to Post-Pandemic Reuse - A Discussion in the Context of Flexibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Orkan Zeynel Guzelci ◽  
Sema Alacam ◽  
Serkan Kocabay ◽  
Elif Isik Akkuyu
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
School Plans ◽  
Early Design Phase

This study discusses how the existing primary and middle school buildings can be adapted to the new needs emerging in the Covid-19 process. The three levels of adaptation are defined as follows: Building envelope-outdoor space relationship, plan layout-function relationship, and furniture relocation. In the scope of this study, five selected school plans were evaluated in the context of flexibility in the plan layout-function relationship. In this study, the concept of “adaptation” is considered as a design approach at the early design phase and/or intervention to respond to a new need in the life cycle of the building.

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