scholarly journals DNA Metabarcoding as a Marine Conservation and Management Tool: A Circumpolar Examination of Fishery Discards in the Diet of Threatened Albatrosses

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie C. McInnes ◽  
Simon N. Jarman ◽  
Mary-Anne Lea ◽  
Ben Raymond ◽  
Bruce E. Deagle ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Aylesworth ◽  
Ratanawaree Phoonsawat ◽  
Pholphisin Suvanachai ◽  
Amanda C. J. Vincent

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Galil ◽  
R. Danovaro ◽  
S. B. S. Rothman ◽  
R. Gevili ◽  
M. Goren

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaili Johri ◽  
Maria Carnevale ◽  
Lindsay Porter ◽  
Anna Zivian ◽  
Melina Kourantidou ◽  
...  

Marine conservation sciences have traditionally been, and remain, non-diverse work environments with many barriers to justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (JEDI). These barriers disproportionately affect entry of early career scientists and practitioners and limit the success of marine conservation professionals from under-represented, marginalized, and overburdened groups. These groups specifically include women, LGBTQ+, Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC). However, the issues also arise from the global North/South and East/West divide with under-representation of scientists from the South and East in the global marine conservation and science arena. Persisting inequities in conservation, along with a lack of inclusiveness and diversity, also limit opportunities for innovation, cross-cultural knowledge exchange, and effective implementation of conservation and management policies. As part of its mandate to increase diversity and promote inclusion of underrepresented groups, the Diversity and Inclusion committee of the Society for Conservation Biology-Marine Section (SCB Marine) organized a JEDI focus group at the Sixth International Marine Conservation Congress (IMCC6) which was held virtually. The focus group included a portion of the global cohort of IMCC6 attendees who identified issues affecting JEDI in marine conservation and explored pathways to address those issues. Therefore, the barriers and pathways identified here focus on issues pertinent to participants’ global regions and experiences. Several barriers to just, equitable, diverse, and inclusive conservation science and practice were identified. Examples included limited participation of under-represented minorities (URM) in research networks, editorial biases against URM, limited professional development and engagement opportunities for URM and non-English speakers, barriers to inclusion of women, LGBTQ+, and sensory impaired individuals, and financial barriers to inclusion of URM in all aspects of marine conservation and research. In the current policy brief, we explore these barriers, assess how they limit progress in marine conservation research and practice, and seek to identify initiatives for improvements. We expect the initiatives discussed here to advances practices rooted in principles of JEDI, within SCB Marine and, the broader conservation community. The recommendations and perspectives herein broadly apply to conservation science and practice, and are critical to effective and sustainable conservation and management outcomes.


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nibelle A. Lira ◽  
Paulo S. Pompeu ◽  
Carlos S. Agostinho ◽  
Angelo A. Agostinho ◽  
Marlene Sofia Arcifa ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT River regulation has fragmented fluvial ecosystems in South America, affecting fish migration and dispersion dynamics. In response, authorities have installed fish passage facilities (FPF) to mitigate impacts. However, little is known about the geographical distribution of these facilities, and no synthesis of the research effort applied to understanding their functioning and limitations exists. To address this issue, our study gathered the available scientific literature about fishways in South America to provide an overview of studied FPF and associated research effort. We found 80 studies that investigated 25 FPF, mostly ladders installed in the upper reaches of large rivers, particularly in the Paraná River Basin. One important finding is that most facilities do not lead to upstream and/or downstream sites due to the presence of other dams with no FPF. Though the number of studies has increased over the past 10 years, there is no consistent trend towards increased research effort. Overall, studies have focused on the fishway itself (i.e. upstream passage), and rarely evaluated broader issues (i.e. habitat distribution, population dynamics, conservation and management success). Our research therefore identified technical limitations of past studies, and revealed important gaps in the knowledge of FPF as a management tool.


2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1844) ◽  
pp. 20161635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel D. Cavanagh ◽  
Stefanie Broszeit ◽  
Graham M. Pilling ◽  
Susie M. Grant ◽  
Eugene J. Murphy ◽  
...  

Valuation of biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES) is widely recognized as a useful, though often controversial, approach to conservation and management. However, its use in the marine environment, hence evidence of its efficacy, lags behind that in terrestrial ecosystems. This largely reflects key challenges to marine conservation and management such as the practical difficulties in studying the ocean, complex governance issues and the historically-rooted separation of biodiversity conservation and resource management. Given these challenges together with the accelerating loss of marine biodiversity (and threats to the ES that this biodiversity supports), we ask whether valuation efforts for marine ecosystems are appropriate and effective. We compare three contrasting systems: the tropical Pacific, Southern Ocean and UK coastal seas. In doing so, we reveal a diversity in valuation approaches with different rates of progress and success. We also find a tendency to focus on specific ES (often the harvested species) rather than biodiversity. In light of our findings, we present a new conceptual view of valuation that should ideally be considered in decision-making. Accounting for the critical relationships between biodiversity and ES, together with an understanding of ecosystem structure and functioning, will enable the wider implications of marine conservation and management decisions to be evaluated. We recommend embedding valuation within existing management structures, rather than treating it as an alternative or additional mechanism. However, we caution that its uptake and efficacy will be compromised without the ability to develop and share best practice across regions.


2020 ◽  
pp. 159-182
Author(s):  
Laurie J. Raymundo ◽  
Colleen A. Burge ◽  
Joleah B. Lamb

While disease is a part of all natural systems, emerging marine diseases are on the rise and many are exacerbated by anthropogenic stressors. Marine and terrestrial environments are fundamentally different, requiring a suite of new approaches to understanding and managing the host–pathogen–environment relationship. Promising strategies include establishing marine protected areas, developing forecasting tools, and using natural ecosystem filters to control pathogens. Aquaculture is one measurable avenue by which natural systems come into direct contact with managed systems, often with negative consequences. This chapter presents examples where pathogens, invasive species, and degraded water quality are associated with impacts on adjacent natural systems. While effective regulatory procedures exist, international transport presents a challenge to implementation and needs special attention. Ecological restoration, a growing management science, would benefit from consideration of disease processes, such as genotyping to determine differences in natural resistance that could be used to guide selective breeding efforts.


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