Dynamic transition of chemolithotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in response to amendment with nitrate in deposited marine sediments

ABSTRACT The role of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in nitrogen cycling in marine sediments remains poorly characterized. In this study, we enriched and characterized AOA from marine sediments. Group I.1a crenarchaea closely related to those identified in marine sediments and “Candidatus Nitrosopumilus maritimus” (99.1 and 94.9% 16S rRNA and amoA gene sequence identities to the latter, respectively) were substantially enriched by coculture with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB). The selective enrichment of AOA over ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is likely due to the reduced oxygen levels caused by the rapid initial growth of SOB. After biweekly transfers for ca. 20 months, archaeal cells became the dominant prokaryotes (>80%), based on quantitative PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The increase of archaeal 16S rRNA gene copy numbers was coincident with the amount of ammonia oxidized, and expression of the archaeal amoA gene was observed during ammonia oxidation. Bacterial amoA genes were not detected in the enrichment culture. The affinities of these AOA to oxygen and ammonia were substantially higher than those of AOB. [13C]bicarbonate incorporation and the presence and activation of genes of the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle indicated autotrophy during ammonia oxidation. In the enrichment culture, ammonium was oxidized to nitrite by the AOA and subsequently to nitrate by Nitrospina-like bacteria. Our experiments suggest that AOA may be important nitrifiers in low-oxygen environments, such as oxygen-minimum zones and marine sediments.

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Effects of activated carbon on treatment of photo-processing waste by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0276 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 187-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Binle Lin ◽

K. Futono ◽

A. Yokoi ◽

M. Hosomi ◽

A. Murakami

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Type Systems ◽

Continuous Treatment ◽

Processing Waste ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Adsorption Effect ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

Establishing economic treatment technology for safe disposal of photo-processing waste (PW) has most recently become an urgent environmental concern. This paper describes a new biological treatment process for PW using sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) in conjunction with activated carbon (AC). Batch-type acclimation and adsorption experiments using SOB/PAC, SOB/PNAC, and SOB reactor type systems demonstrated that AC effectively adsorbs the toxic/refractory compounds which inhibit thiosulfate oxidization of SOB in PW. Thus, to further clarify the effect of AC, we performed a long-term (≈ 160 d) continuous-treatment experiment on 4- to 8-times dilution of PW using a SOB/GAC system which simulated a typical wastewater treatment system based on an aerobic activated sludge process that primarily uses acclimated SOB. The thiosulfate load and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were fixed during treatment such that they ranged from 0.8-3.7 kg S2O32-/l/d and 7.7-1.9 d, respectively. As expected, continuous treatment led to breakthrough of the adsorption effect of GAC. Renewing the GAC and continuing treatment for about 10 d demonstrated good treatment effectiveness.

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Acidophilic Iron- and Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Drives Alkaline pH Neutralization and Mineral Weathering in Fe Ore Tailings

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/acs.est.1c00848 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qing Yi ◽

Songlin Wu ◽

Gordon Southam ◽

Lachlan Robertson ◽

Fang You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽

Mineral Weathering ◽

Alkaline Ph ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing ◽

Ph Neutralization ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

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Sulfur bacteria promote dissolution of authigenic carbonates at marine methane seeps

The ISME Journal ◽

10.1038/s41396-021-00903-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dalton J. Leprich ◽

Beverly E. Flood ◽

Peter R. Schroedl ◽

Elizabeth Ricci ◽

Jeffery J. Marlow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Sulfur Oxidation ◽

Methane Seeps ◽

Etch Pits ◽

Active Dissolution ◽

Authigenic Carbonates ◽

Sulfur Bacteria ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing ◽

Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

AbstractCarbonate rocks at marine methane seeps are commonly colonized by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria that co-occur with etch pits that suggest active dissolution. We show that sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are abundant on the surface of an exemplar seep carbonate collected from Del Mar East Methane Seep Field, USA. We then used bioreactors containing aragonite mineral coupons that simulate certain seep conditions to investigate plausible in situ rates of carbonate dissolution associated with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Bioreactors inoculated with a sulfur-oxidizing bacterial strain, Celeribacter baekdonensis LH4, growing on aragonite coupons induced dissolution rates in sulfidic, heterotrophic, and abiotic conditions of 1773.97 (±324.35), 152.81 (±123.27), and 272.99 (±249.96) μmol CaCO3 • cm−2 • yr−1, respectively. Steep gradients in pH were also measured within carbonate-attached biofilms using pH-sensitive fluorophores. Together, these results show that the production of acidic microenvironments in biofilms of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are capable of dissolving carbonate rocks, even under well-buffered marine conditions. Our results support the hypothesis that authigenic carbonate rock dissolution driven by lithotrophic sulfur-oxidation constitutes a previously unknown carbon flux from the rock reservoir to the ocean and atmosphere.

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