scholarly journals Influence of Diet on the Effect of the Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei in Rats Suffering From Allergic Asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Xie ◽  
Jiaping Song ◽  
Shan Lu ◽  
Yinhui Liu ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Mounting evidence suggests that probiotics can be used to treat allergic asthma by modulating the gut microbiota, and that the effects of probiotics may be influenced by environmental factors such as diet. We conducted a rat model with allergic asthma (AA) modulated by Lactobacillus paracasei, feeding up with high-fat or high-fiber diets based on collecting data from 85 questionnaires. The systemic proinflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA and the overall structure of fecal microbiota was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed consumption of a high-fiber diet alleviated the allergic symptoms and airway inflammation, and led to improving the imbalance of T-helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2 cells with increased expression of interferon-γ and decreased expression of interleukin-4. Whereas, the high-fat diet had deteriorating implications and skewed the inflammatory perturbation. Furthermore, abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes, families Muribaculaceae, Tannerellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Enterococcaceae, genera Allobaculum, Parabacteroides, and Enterococcus were enriched in L. paracasei-modulating rats fed with high-fiber diet. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae, genera Blautia, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, unidentified_Clostridiales and Oscillibacter were in relatively high abundance in the rats administered high-fat diet. Association between changed microbiota and inflammatory cytokines was also conferred. These data indicated that the efficacy of L. paracasei in allergic asthma was influenced by different dietary patterns. Hence, diet is important for probiotic therapy when managing allergic asthma.

P063 A COMPREHENSIVE, MULTIOMIC DIET INTERVENTION STUDY COMPARING A LOW FAT, HIGH FIBER DIET TO AN IDEALIZED STANDARD AMERICAN DIET IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S8-S9
Author(s):  
Julia Fritsch ◽  
Alejandra Quintero ◽  
Judith Pignac-Kobinger ◽  
Luis Garces ◽  
Ana Santander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Abstract Background and Aims There is a lack of evidence-based dietary interventions in ulcerative colitis (UC) management. A diet high in fat and animal meat has been linked to an increased risk of UC. The aim of our study was to use a multilayered, multi-omic approach to comprehensively characterize the effect of a low fat, high fiber diet or a high fat diet in UC patients. Methods We enrolled patients with UC who were in remission or had mild disease with a flare within the last 18 months. We used a cross-over design in which patients received two dietary interventions: a low fat diet (LFD), containing 10% total calories from fat with an omega 6 to 3 ratio of below 3:1, and an idealized standard American diet (SAD), containing 35–40% total calories from fat with an omega 6 to 3 ratio of 20–30:1. Each diet was four weeks long with a two-week wash-out in between. The diet was catered and delivered to patients’ homes. Clinical symptoms, quality of life, and biochemical data were collected. Stool was collected for microbiome and metabolomic analyses. The primary endpoint was to determine adherence to a specified diet using catered meals; the secondary endpoint was to determine the clinical and subclinical effects of a low fat, high fiber diet or high fat diet in UC. Results Baseline diets varied widely but were generally lower in fiber as well as fruits and vegetables and higher in saturated fat than either of the study diets. There was a high rate of adherence to catered meals (SAD=86.68%, LFD=84.8%) with a 96.8% and 94.33% adherence to fat for SAD and LFD respectively. Patients that started in remission remained in remission (partial Mayo and sIBDQ). Following a LFD, patients saw a 20% improvement in their quality of life as measured by sIBDQ compared to their baseline. The effect of diet intervention on microbial diversity was reflected in the beta diversity with a significant increase in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii after LFD. CRP, sIBDQ, IL-6, and IL1β had a significant effect on overall gut microbiota composition as measured by Bray Curtis beta diversity (PERMANOVA)(P<0.007, P<0.001, P<0.021, P<0.048 respectively). The top taxa that contributes the most to this microbial variation from these clinical parameters was Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Patients following a SAD had an increase in lauric acid, myristic acid, and N-oleoyl-L-phenylalanine with an increase in omega-6 metabolism pathways. Patients following a LFD had higher glycine, alanine, and phenyllactic acid with omega 3 metabolism pathways increased after LFD. Conclusions A low fat, high fiber diet is well tolerated and did not increase biochemical markers of inflammation. Catered meals and collection of microbiome, metabolome and biochemical data may allow early stratification of diet responders.

0952 Intestinal microbiota, microbial metabolites and carcass traits are changed in a pig model fed a high-fat/low-fiber or a low-fat/high-fiber diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 458-458
Author(s):  
S. N. Heinritz ◽  
E. Weiss ◽  
M. Eklund ◽  
T. Aumiller ◽  
S. Messner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals Dietary fat and fiber impacts intestinal microbiome resilience to antibiotics and Clostridoides difficile infection in mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Z. Hazleton ◽  
Casey G. Martin ◽  
Kathleen L. Arnolds ◽  
Nichole M. Nusbacher ◽  
Nancy Moreno-Huizar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet

AbstractClostridoides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea and there has been a steady increase in the number of new infections, emphasizing the importance of novel prevention strategies. Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and disruption of the intestinal microbiome is one of the most important risk factors of CDI. We used a murine model of antibiotic-induced CDI to investigate the relative contributions of high dietary fat and low dietary fiber on disease pathogenesis. We found that high fat, but not low fiber resulted in increased mortality from CDI (HR 4.95) and increased levels of C. difficile toxin production compared to a regular low-fat/high-fiber mouse diet even though we did not observe a significant change in C. difficile carriage. The high-fat diet also increased levels of primary bile acids known to be germination factors for C. difficile spores. Mice fed low-fat/low-fiber diets did not show increased CDI pathogenesis, but did have a larger antibiotic-induced gut microbiome disturbance compared to mice fed a high-fiber diet, characterized by a greater decrease in alpha diversity. This microbiome disturbance was associated with a loss of secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids, which are both microbial metabolic products previously shown to protect against CDI. These data suggest that a low-fiber diet contributes to antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, while a high-fat diet promotes CDI pathogenesis. These findings indicate that dietary interventions that increase fiber and decrease fat may be an effective prevention strategy for individuals at high risk of CDI.One Sentence SummaryHigh dietary fat promoted mortality in a mouse model of antibiotic-induced C. difficile infection and low dietary fiber caused higher microbiome disturbance upon broad-spectum antibiotic exposure, suggesting that diets low in fat and high in fiber may protect against C. difficile pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Intestinal Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites Are Changed in a Pig Model Fed a High-Fat/Low-Fiber or a Low-Fat/High-Fiber Diet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e0154329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja N. Heinritz ◽  
Eva Weiss ◽  
Meike Eklund ◽  
Tobias Aumiller ◽  
Sandrine Louis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals Molecular alterations induced by a high-fat high-fiber diet in porcine adipose tissues: variations according to the anatomical fat location

BMC Genomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Gondret ◽  
Annie Vincent ◽  
Magalie Houée-Bigot ◽  
Anne Siegel ◽  
Sandrine Lagarrigue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals High Fiber Diets Enhance Gene Expression and Il-10 Level on Hyperlipidemic Rats Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 471-478
Author(s):  
Rifkind Malik ◽  
Ahmad Hamim Sadewa ◽  
Sunarti Sunarti
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Hyperlipidemia induces inflammation by increasing proinflammatory cytokines and reducing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Short chain fatty acids from fiber fermented by intestinal bacteria can reduce inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of high fiber diet on IL-10 gene expression and IL-10 levels in white adipose tissue in rats with high fat and fructose diet. Twenty-five male Wistar rats, were divided into 5 groups: 1) normal (N); 2) Hyperlipidemia (HL); 3) Hyperlipidemia with fiber 1.04 g/rat/day (HL1); 4) Hyperlipidemia with fiber 2.07 g/rat/day (HL2), and 5) Hyperlipidemia with fiber 3.11 g/rat/day (HL3). The rats were considered hyperlipidemia, if their plasma triglyceride levels were > 70.79 mg/dL. High fat and fructose diet contain high fructose and trans-fat, while intervention diet for T1, T2, and T3 contain a total fiber of 6.88%, 13.77% and 20.65%, respectively. Serum IL-10 analysis using ELISA method was done before and after intervention, and IL-10 gene expression was analyzed using qPCR method after intervention. High trans-fat and fructose diet decrease IL-10 levels, while high-fiber diet can significantly increase the gene expression and levels of IL-10 in hyperlipidemia rats (p<0.05). High-fiber diet can improve inflammation through increase the gene expression and levels of IL-10.

scholarly journals Impact of a High-Fat or High-Fiber Diet on Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolic Markers in a Pig Model

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Heinritz ◽  
Eva Weiss ◽  
Meike Eklund ◽  
Tobias Aumiller ◽  
Charlotte Heyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

scholarly journals A High-Fiber Diet Intervention Improves Diet Quality and Is Related to Blood Pressure and Bacteriome Composition in Caregiver-Child Dyads

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1168-1168
Author(s):  
Brett Loman ◽  
Emily Hill ◽  
Michael Bailey ◽  
Jiangjiang Zhu ◽  
Amrik Singh Khalsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Diet Intervention ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet

Abstract Objectives High-fiber dietary patterns are associated with cardiovascular health and intestinal microbiome composition. Caregivers influence diets of children, affecting dyadic health and microbiomes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between changes in caregiver diet quality and caregiver and child: 1) systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 2) fecal bacteriome composition. Methods Caregiver-child (age 8–9 years) dyads were randomized to either a 10-week high-fiber diet intervention (fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) or control. Caregiver diet quality (30-day FFQs and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)), and caregiver and child SBP and fecal samples were collected pre- and post-intervention. Fecal bacteriomes were analyzed via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. HEI and SBP were tested via 2-way ANOVA. Bacteriome differentials (i.e., ratio of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) with related relative abundances) associated with HEI were identified via Songbird and Qurro. Caregiver HEI was used to guide differential assembly in caregiver bacteriomes and as a proxy for child diet quality to guide differential assembly in child bacteriomes. Pearson correlations assessed inter-data relationships. Results Complete data were collected from 19 caregivers and 16 children. Intervention caregivers increased total (T) HEI (+4.4 vs − 1.7 points, P = 0.047) and whole grain (WG) HEI component scores (+1.7 vs 0 points, P = 0.014) compared to control. WG-HEI was correlated with caregiver SBP (r = −0.37, P = 0.046). T-HEI was correlated with caregiver and child T-HEI bacteriome differentials (r = 0.36, P = 0.027 and r = 0.57, P = 0.001). WG-HEI correlated with caregiver and child WG-HEI bacteriome differentials (r = 0.45, P = 0.013 and r = 0.60, P &lt; 0.001). Child WG-HEI differential correlated with child SBP (r = −0.46, P = 0.01). Five ASVs were shared between caregiver and child T-HEI bacteriome differentials, implying shared bacterial responses to intervention. Conclusions A high-fiber dietary intervention positively impacts diet quality and is related to changes in SBP and bacteriome composition in caregiver-child dyads. Metabolites derived from bacterial metabolism of dietary fiber should be investigated for their role in blood pressure. Funding Sources USDA NIFA, Nationwide Children's Hospital.

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