In Vivo Two Photon Imaging of Astrocytic Structure and Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

Recent advances in two-photon microscopy and fluorescence labeling techniques have enabled us to directly see the structural and functional changes in neurons and glia, and even at synapses, in the brain of living animals. Long-termin vivotwo-photon imaging studies have shown that some postsynaptic dendritic spines in the adult cortex are rapidly eliminated or newly generated, in response to altered sensory input or synaptic activity, resulting in experience/activity-dependent rewiring of neuronal circuits.In vivoCa2+imaging studies have revealed the distinct, input-specific response patterns of excitatory neurons in the brain. These updatedin vivoapproaches are just beginning to be used for the study of pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic diseases. In this paper, we introduce recentin vivotwo-photon imaging studies demonstrating how plastic changes in synaptic structure and function of the mouse somatosensory cortex, following peripheral injury, contribute to chronic pain conditions, like neuropathic and inflammatory pain.

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In Vivo Near-Infrared Two-Photon Imaging of Amyloid Plaques in Deep Brain of Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model

ACS Chemical Neuroscience ◽

10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00306 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 3128-3136 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Congping Chen ◽

Zhuoyi Liang ◽

Biao Zhou ◽

Xuesong Li ◽

Caleb Lui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Amyloid Plaques ◽

Two Photon ◽

Photon Imaging ◽

Two Photon Imaging ◽

Deep Brain

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Two-Photon Imaging Reveals Capillary Occlusions are Responsible for Reduced Brain Blood Flow and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Models

Optics in the Life Sciences Congress ◽

10.1364/brain.2017.brw3b.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jean C. Cruz Hernández ◽

Oliver Bracko ◽

Calvin Kersbergen ◽

Victorine Muse ◽

Mohammad Haft-Javaherian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Brain Blood Flow ◽

Two Photon ◽

Photon Imaging ◽

Two Photon Imaging

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Oxalate-curcumin–based probe for micro- and macroimaging of reactive oxygen species in Alzheimer’s disease

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1706248114 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 114 (47) ◽

pp. 12384-12389 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Jian Yang ◽

Xueli Zhang ◽

Peng Yuan ◽

Jing Yang ◽

Yungen Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Amyloid Angiopathy ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Two Photon ◽

Nirf Imaging ◽

Photon Imaging ◽

Two Photon Imaging

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that has a progression that is closely associated with oxidative stress. It has long been speculated that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in AD brains is much higher than that in healthy brains. However, evidence from living beings is scarce. Inspired by the “chemistry of glow stick,” we designed a near-IR fluorescence (NIRF) imaging probe, termed CRANAD-61, for sensing ROS to provide evidence at micro- and macrolevels. In CRANAD-61, an oxalate moiety was utilized to react with ROS and to consequentially produce wavelength shifting. Our in vitro data showed that CRANAD-61 was highly sensitive and rapidly responsive to various ROS. On reacting with ROS, its excitation and emission wavelengths significantly shifted to short wavelengths, and this shifting could be harnessed for dual-color two-photon imaging and transformative NIRF imaging. In this report, we showed that CRANAD-61 could be used to identify “active” amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) surrounded by high ROS levels with two-photon imaging (microlevel) and to provide relative total ROS concentrations in AD brains via whole-brain NIRF imaging (macrolevel). Lastly, we showed that age-related increases in ROS levels in AD brains could be monitored with our NIRF imaging method. We believe that our imaging with CRANAD-61 could provide evidence of ROS at micro- and macrolevels and could be used for monitoring ROS changes under various AD pathological conditions and during drug treatment.

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