scholarly journals Automatic Reappraisal-Based Implementation Intention Produces Early and Sustainable Emotion Regulation Effects: Event-Related Potential Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengdong Chen ◽  
Kang Yu ◽  
Jiemin Yang ◽  
Jiajin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Implementation Intention ◽  
Event Related Potential

scholarly journals Effects of emotion regulation on EEG microstates – Valence and arousal are not processed sequentially

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Zerna ◽  
Alexander Strobel ◽  
Christoph Scheffel
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Sequential Processing ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Microstate Analysis ◽  
Valence And Arousal

In electroencephalography (EEG), microstates are distributions of activity across the scalp that persist for several tens of milliseconds before changing into a different topographical pattern. Microstate analysis is a promising way of utilizing EEG as both temporal and spatial imaging tool, but has mostly been applied to resting state data. This study aimed to conceptually replicate microstate findings of valence and arousal processing and to investigate the effects of emotion regulation on microstates, using existing data of an EEG paradigm with 107 healthy adults who were to actively view emotional pictures, cognitively detach from them, or suppress facial reactions. EEG data were clustered into microstates based on topographical similarity and compared on global and electrode level between conditions of interest. Within the first 600 ms after stimulus onset only the comparison of viewing positive and negative pictures yielded significant global results, caused by different electrodes depending on the microstate. Since the microstates associated with more and less arousing pictures did not differ from each other, sequential processing of valence and arousal information could not be replicated. When extending the analysis to 2,000 ms after stimulus onset, global microstate differences were exclusive to the comparison of viewing and detaching from negative pictures. Intriguingly, we observed the novel phenomenon of a significant global difference that could not be attributed to single electrodes on the local level. This suggests that microstate analysis can detect differences beyond those detected by event-related potential analysis, simply by not confining the analysis to a few electrodes.

Changes in the neural bases of emotion regulation associated with clinical improvement in children with behavior problems

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 913-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc D. Lewis ◽  
Isabela Granic ◽  
Connie Lamm ◽  
Philip David Zelazo ◽  
Jim Stieben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems ◽  
Before And After

AbstractChildren's behavior problems may stem from ineffective cortical mechanisms for regulating negative emotions, and the success of interventions may depend on their impact on such mechanisms. We examined neurophysiological markers associated with emotion regulation in children comorbid for externalizing and internalizing problems before and after treatment. We hypothesized that treatment success would correspond with reduced ventral prefrontal activation, and increased dorsomedial prefrontal activation, at the time point of an event-related potential (ERP) associated with inhibitory control. Twenty-seven 8- to 12-year-old children (with usable data) were tested before and after a 14-week community-based treatment program and assessed as to improvement status. Fifteen 8- to 12-year-olds from the normal population (with usable data) were tested over the same interval. All children completed an emotion-induction go/no-go task while fitted with a 128-channel electrode net at each test session. ERP amplitudes, and estimates of cortical activation in prefrontal regions of interest, were measured at the peak of the “inhibitory” N2 and compared between improvers, nonimprovers, and nonclinical children. ERP amplitudes showed no group differences. However, improvers showed an overall reduction in ventral prefrontal activation from pretreatment to posttreatment, bringing them in line with nonclinical children, whereas ventral activation remained high for nonimprovers. Both improvers and nonimprovers showed high dorsal activation relative to nonclinical children. Supplementary analyses indicated that only ventral prefrontal regions, and only within the N2 time window, showed decreased activity from pre- to posttreatment, suggesting changes in regulatory processes rather than in overall emotional arousal. These cortically mediated changes may permit a reduction in the overengaged, rigid style of emotion regulation characteristic of children with behavior problems.

scholarly journals Impaired emotion regulation in schizophrenia: evidence from event-related potentials

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2377-2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Horan ◽  
G. Hajcak ◽  
J. K. Wynn ◽  
M. F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Neutral Conditions

BackgroundAlthough several aspects of emotion seem to be intact in schizophrenia, there is emerging evidence that patients show an impaired ability to adaptively regulate their emotions. This event-related potential (ERP) study examined whether schizophrenia is associated with impaired neural responses to appraisal frames, that is when negative stimuli are presented in a less negative context.MethodThirty-one schizophrenia out-patients and 27 healthy controls completed a validated picture-viewing task with three conditions: (1) neutral pictures preceded by neutral descriptions (‘Neutral’), (2) unpleasant pictures preceded by negative descriptions (‘Preappraised negative’), and (3) unpleasant pictures preceded by more neutral descriptions (‘Preappraised neutral’). Analyses focused on the late positive potential (LPP), an index of facilitated attention to emotional stimuli that is reduced following cognitive emotion regulation strategies, during four time windows from 300 to 2000 ms post-picture onset.ResultsReplicating prior studies, controls showed smaller LPP in Preappraised neutral and Neutral versus Preappraised negative conditions throughout the 300–2000-ms time period. By contrast, patients showed (a) larger LPP in Preappraised neutral and Preappraised negative versus Neutral conditions in the initial period (300–600 ms) and (b) an atypical pattern of larger LPP to Preappraised neutral versus Preappraised negative and Neutral conditions in the 600–1500-ms epochs.ConclusionsModulation of neural responses by a cognitive emotion regulation strategy seems to be impaired in schizophrenia during the first 2 s after exposure to unpleasant stimuli.

scholarly journals Functional Decoupling of Emotion Coping Network Subsides Automatic Emotion Regulation by Implementation Intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shengdong Chen ◽  
Nanxiang Ding ◽  
Fushun Wang ◽  
Zhihao Li ◽  
Shaozheng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Implementation Intention ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Emotion Coping ◽  
Automatic Emotion Regulation

Automatic emotion regulation (AER) plays a vital role in the neuropathology underlying both suicide and self-harm via modifying emotional impact effortlessly. However, both the effortless account and the neural mechanisms of AER are undetermined. To investigate the neural changes at AER, we collected functional MRI (fMRI) in 31 participants who attended to neutral and disgust pictures in three conditions: watching, goal intention (GI), and reappraisal by implementation intention (RII). Results showed that RII (but not GI) decreased negative feelings and bilateral amygdala activity without increasing cognitive efforts, evidenced by the reduced effort rating and less prefrontal engagement during RII compared with during watching and GI. These emotion-regulatory effects of RII cannot be explained by emotional habituation, as the supplementary experiment ( N = 31 ) showed no emotional habituation effects when the same disgust pictures were presented repeatedly three times for each watching and GI condition. Task-based network analysis showed both RII and GI relative to watching increased functional connectivities (FCs) of the ventral anterior cingulate cortex to the left insula and right precuneus during conditions, two FCs subserving goal setup. However, RII relative to GI exhibited weaker FCs in brain networks subserving effortful control, memory retrieval, aversive anticipation, and motor planning. In these FCs, the FC intensity of putamen-operculum/lingual and paracentral-superior temporal gyri positively predicted regulatory difficulty ratings. These findings suggest that the setup of implementation intention automatizes emotion regulation by reducing the online mobilization of emotion-coping neural systems.

scholarly journals Neurophysiological Correlate of Emotion Regulation by Cognitive Reappraisal and Its Association With Psychotic Symptoms in Early Psychosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minah Kim ◽  
Wu Jeong Hwang ◽  
Jihye Park ◽  
Taekwan Kim ◽  
Sanghoon Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode

Abstract Background Emotion dysregulation is crucial to both poor social functioning and psychotic symptom formation in patients with schizophrenia. The efficient use of emotion regulation strategies, such as cognitive reappraisal, has been less frequently observed in the early phases of psychotic disorder. It is unknown whether neurophysiological responses related to emotion regulation by cognitive reappraisal are altered in early psychosis. Methods Fifty-four patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP), 34 subjects at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, and 30 healthy controls (HCs) participated in event-related potential recordings during a validated emotion regulation paradigm to measure the effect of cognitive reappraisal on emotion regulation. Late positive potentials (LPPs), which reflect emotional arousal, were compared across the groups and the 3 conditions (negative, cognitive reappraisal, and neutral). The relationship among LPP modulation by cognitive reappraisal and social/role functioning and severity of psychotic symptoms was investigated in the early psychosis group. Results The FEP and CHR participants showed comparably larger LPP amplitudes in the negative and cognitive reappraisal conditions than in the neutral condition, whereas the HCs presented larger LPPs in the negative condition than in the cognitive reappraisal and neutral conditions. LPP modulation by cognitive reappraisal was negatively correlated with positive symptom severity in the FEP patients and with disorganization severity in the CHR subjects. Conclusions Inefficient use of cognitive reappraisal may be related to the impaired emotion regulation and psychotic symptoms from the very beginning of psychotic disorder. This study provides the first neurophysiological evidence regarding current concepts of emotion regulation in early psychosis.

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