scholarly journals Hyoid Elongation May Be a Rare Cause of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in Youth-A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Changbiao Chu ◽  
Yi Ren ◽  
Yang Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Antiplatelet Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Carotid Injury ◽  
Wall Injury ◽  
Stroke In Young

The investigation for etiology of ischemic stroke in young adults remains a diagnostic challenge. Hyoid bone–related carotid injury is a rare and under-recognized cause of ischemic stroke, without established guidelines. We describe a case of recurrent ischemic stroke in a young patient presumably attributed to an impingement of the carotid artery by an elongated hyoid bone, and present other cases reported in the literature. Based on the imaging study as well as the lack of other findings, we attributed recurrent neurovascular events to the repetitive mechanical stimulation by the elongated hyoid bone that caused a vessel wall injury with subsequent thrombus and embolus. Given repeated recurrence under antiplatelet treatment, anticoagulation was added. The following 2-year follow-up showed no new neurologic events or any other complaints. Among the young, a broad spectrum of possibilities should be considered and we call attention to this infrequent etiology of ischemic stroke.

Risk Factors, Etiology, and Clinical Outcome of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Madhavi Karri ◽  
Balakrishnan Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Stroke In Young

Background: Ischemic stroke in young adults is becoming a rising concern with the increase in vulnerability to traditional risk factors and changing lifestyles. Aim: An overview of risk factors, classification, and clinical outcome of ischemic stroke in young adults (19 to 45 years) has been presented. Methods: Data fulfilling the study criteria from the stroke registry between June 2014 and June 2017 were collected, and a detailed proforma was taken that included history, clinical examination, and routine investigations. Selective investigations such as prothrombotic workup and 24-hour Holter monitoring were performed. Stroke was subclassified using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at baseline and the modified Rankin score (mRS) scoring after 3 months of patients’ admission were calculated. Results: Out of 223 identified cases of ischemic stroke in young adults, 186 (83.4%) were taken for analysis, constituting 7.3% of the total stroke population of 3,059. Among the cases taken for analysis, 137 were males and 49 were females. A total of 150 patients were among the age group of 36 to 45 years. Dyslipidemia, smoking, and alcohol consumption were prevalent in the study group. Atherosclerotic strokes were predominant in the study population. NIHSS scores at admission had a significant impact on mRS scores after 3 months. In this study, only 4% reported the recurrence of stroke, whereas mortality was about 0.02%. Conclusions: Workup required for ischemic stroke in young adults has always been a diagnostic challenge for physicians who treat the stroke patients, and this must be optimized in all health care centers. Despite extensive workup, 23.66% participants were found to be cryptogenic in this study. The clinical outcome was good in this study with less mortality observed.

scholarly journals Lower Ipsilateral Hippocampal Integrity after Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Schaapsmeerders ◽  
Anil M. Tuladhar ◽  
Noortje A. M. Maaijwee ◽  
Loes C. A. Rutten-Jacobs ◽  
Renate M. Arntz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Stroke In Young

The involvement of the factor V G1691A gene on recurrent ischemic stroke in young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 118692
Author(s):  
Lamia Mbarek ◽  
Salma Sakka ◽  
Fatma Megdich ◽  
Khadija Sonda Moalla ◽  
Nadia Bouattour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Factor V G1691a ◽  
Stroke In Young

Abstract WMP53: Traditional Vascular Risk Factors Account for Different Proportions of Ischemic Stroke Within Different Gender and Race Groups

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Aradine ◽  
Yan Hou ◽  
Kathleen A Ryan ◽  
Prachi Mehndiratta ◽  
Michael S Phipps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Black Men ◽  
White Men ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Stroke In Young

Introduction: Few studies have compared the proportion of ischemic strokes attributable to traditional vascular risk factors (population-attributable risk percent or PAR%) between genders and races. The PAR% is a function of the population prevalence and strength of association of a risk factor. Methods: A population-based case-control study of ischemic stroke in young adults ages 18-49 in the Baltimore-Washington region was used to study the prevalence, odds ratios, and PAR% of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking among blacks and whites. Logistic regression was used to calculate age-adjusted odds ratios. All analyses were stratified by gender. Results: There were 1044 cases and 1099 controls. Of the cases, 47% were black, 54% were women. Roughly a quarter to a third of all strokes in women were attributable to smoking. Due to the higher prevalence of hypertension and a higher odds ratio for hypertension in black men (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.6-5.9) compared to white men (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), there was a much higher PAR% for hypertension among black men than white men. See Table 1 for prevalence and Table 2 for PAR% stratified by gender and race. Conclusion: Traditional vascular risk factors have the potential to explain a high proportion of ischemic stroke in young adults. The high proportion of strokes in women attributable to smoking underscores the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions in this population. Diabetes and, especially, hypertension are important contributors to the excess population burden of ischemic stroke among blacks. These findings support the value of early screening and treatment for hypertension in young blacks.

Epidemiology and Etiology of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults Aged 18 to 44 Years in Northern Sweden

Stroke ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1702-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Kristensen ◽  
Jan Malm ◽  
Bo Carlberg ◽  
Birgitta Stegmayr ◽  
Christer Backman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Stroke In Young

scholarly journals Focal Cerebral Arteriopathy in Young Adult Patients With Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1596-1599
Author(s):  
Mary Clare McKenna ◽  
Noel Fanning ◽  
Simon Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Distal Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Cerebral Arteriopathy ◽  
Stroke In Young

Background and Purpose— Focal cerebral arteriopathy is monophasic inflammatory stenosis of the distal internal carotid artery or the proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery. It is one of the most common causes of acute arterial ischemic stroke in young children but is a less familiar entity for adult neurologists. Methods— We retrospectively reviewed stroke service radiology records at a tertiary referral center from January 2013 to December 2014. Focal cerebral arteriopathy was defined as nonprogressive unifocal and unilateral stenosis/irregularity of the distal internal carotid artery or its proximal branches. Only patients aged 16 to 55 years with stroke were included. Results— There were 5 cases of focal cerebral arteriopathy: 2 males and 3 females. Three cases were from the cohort of 123 acute presentations of young stroke, and 2 cases were outpatient referrals. The mean age (range) was 43 (32–55) years. The majority presented with recurrent transient ischemic attacks/minor strokes within a single vascular territory over days to weeks. All cases had characteristic radiological features. Interval imaging demonstrated resolution in 1 case and improvement in 3 cases. Functional outcome was excellent with discharge modified Rankin Scale score ranging from 0 to 1. Recurrence occurred in 1 case. Conclusions— Focal cerebral arteriopathy is a rare cause of arterial ischemic stroke in young adults. Follow-up intracranial imaging is essential to differentiate from progressive arteriopathies. Evidence-based treatment warrants further investigation. Prognosis is favorable.

scholarly journals Obesity Increases Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1690-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Mitchell ◽  
John W. Cole ◽  
Patrick. F. McArdle ◽  
Yu-Ching Cheng ◽  
Kathleen A. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Stroke In Young
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