scholarly journals Impact of Neurofascin on Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy via Changing the Node of Ranvier Function: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Gao ◽  
Lingxin Kong ◽  
Shan Liu ◽  
Kangding Liu ◽  
Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Node Of Ranvier ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Pathogenic Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

The effective conduction of action potential in the peripheral nervous system depends on the structural and functional integrity of the node of Ranvier and paranode. Neurofascin (NF) plays an important role in the conduction of action potential in a saltatory manner. Two subtypes of NF, NF186, and NF155, are involved in the structure of the node of Ranvier. In patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), anti-NF antibodies are produced when immunomodulatory dysfunction occurs, which interferes with the conduction of action potential and is considered the main pathogenic factor of CIDP. In this study, we describe the assembling mechanism and anatomical structure of the node of Ranvier and the necessary cell adhesion molecules for its physiological function. The main points of this study are that we summarized the recent studies on the role of anti-NF antibodies in the changes in the node of Ranvier function and its impact on clinical manifestations and analyzed the possible mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CIDP.

scholarly journals A comparison of IL-17 and IL-34 concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1583-1588
Author(s):  
Hayriye Soytürk ◽  
Murat Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Demyelinating Neuropathy ◽  
Immunosuppressant Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
The Difference

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The role of interleukins, such as IL-17 and IL-34, in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been established in the literature. In the current study, we aimed to identify the concentrations of IL-17 (IL-17A, IL-17F) and IL-34 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (AIDN). METHODS: We included in this study 8 patients with CIDP (none of them receiving immunomodulatory or immunosuppressant therapy), 7 patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS, AIDN), and 7 control subjects. The CIDP and AIDN diagnoses were made by clinical evaluation and electrophysiological investigations according to international criteria. CSF samples were obtained appropriately, and the levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-34 were measured by ELISA kits. RESULTS: The concentrations of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-34 were higher in those with CIDP and AIDN compared to the controls (p=0.005, p=0.01, and p=0.001, respectively). While IL-34 levels were significantly higher in AIDN patients than in CIDP patients (p=0.04), there were no significant differences between the AIDN and CIDP groups with regard to the levels of IL-17A and IL-17F (p=0.4 and p=0.2, respectively) CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-34 levels may have a role in CIDP and AIDN. Furthermore, the difference in the IL-34 levels of patients with AIDN and CIDP may indicate an important difference between the pathogenesis of these two sets of the disease.

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