scholarly journals Congenital Cytomegalovirus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Effects on Hearing, Speech and Language Development, and Clinical Outcomes in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Walsh ◽  
Jillian Zuwala ◽  
Jessica Hunter ◽  
Yonghee Oh
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Deficits ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Speech And Language Development

Prenatal infections can have adverse effects on an infant's hearing, speech, and language development. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two such infections that may lead to these complications, especially when left untreated. CMV is commonly associated with sensorineural hearing loss in children, and it can also be associated with anatomical abnormalities in the central nervous system responsible for speech, language, and intellectual acquisition. In terms of speech, language, and hearing, HIV is most associated with conductive and/or sensorineural hearing loss and expressive language deficits. Children born with these infections may benefit from cochlear implantation for severe to profound sensorineural hearing losses and/or speech therapy for speech/language deficits. CMV and HIV simultaneously present in infants has not been thoroughly studied, but one may hypothesize these speech, language, and hearing deficits to be present with potentially higher severity. Early identification of the infection in combination with early intervention strategies yields better results for these children than no identification or intervention. The purpose of this review was to investigate how congenital CMV and/or HIV may affect hearing, speech, and language development in children, and the importance of early identification for these populations.

Pediatric Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Minimum Test Battery and Referral Criteria for Cochlear Implant Candidacy Evaluation

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110273
Author(s):  
Samantha Anne ◽  
Kevin D. Brown ◽  
Donald M. Goldberg ◽  
Oliver F. Adunka ◽  
Margaret Kenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech And Language Development

Among the various cochlear implant systems approved by the Food and Drug Administration, current labeling for pediatric usage encompasses (1) bilateral profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in children aged 9 to 24 months and bilateral severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss in children older than 2 years; (2) use of appropriately fitted hearing aids for 3 months (this can be waived if there is evidence of ossification); and (3) demonstration of limited progress with auditory, speech, and language development. Pediatric guidelines require children to have significantly worse speech understanding before qualifying for cochlear implantation. The early years of life have been shown to be critical for speech and language development, and auditory deprivation is especially detrimental during this crucial time. Level of evidence: 2.

Aural Atresia: What Audiologists Need to Know About Bilateral Versus Unilateral Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Traci Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Speech And Language Development

Children with aural atresia (AA) present with a hearing loss due to differing degrees of malformations of the ear. The effects of this hearing loss on audition, speech/language development, and academic achievement are not well understood. The literature is quite sparse on this topic, including studies with only small numbers of children or retrospective chart reviews. The few studies that have been completed demonstrate that the hearing loss caused by AA affects auditory, as well as speech and language, development and, therefore, results in delays. Children with bilateral atresia are more adversely affected than children with unilateral atresia. However, the delays are not well understood with respect to whether or not amplification mitigates them. This paper presents the current evidence in the literature on the audiological management, the auditory and speech/language development, and the academic achievement of children with aural atresia.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Speech-Language Development and Disorders Awareness Lecture among Pre-Primary School Teachers in Lucknow

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Anne Varghese ◽  
Tripti Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Language And Communication ◽  
Speech And Language Development

Aim: The aim of the study was to measure the efficacy of an awareness lecture on speech and language development and disorders among pre-primary school teachers of Lucknow. Method: The study was carried out in 2 phases. In Phase I the questionnaire on the speech and language development and disorders and a lecture on speech and language development and disorders were prepared. The questionnaire contained questions on the components of speech and language, and on the importance of language for literacy and academic success. The lecture contained information on the components of speech, language and communication; the development of speech and language and its disorders; and the relationship between speech and language skills and academic success. In Phase II, the questionnaire was administered on 30 pre-primary school teachers before conducting and after conducting the awareness lecture on speech and language development and disorders in children. Results: The results demonstrated significant improvement in the mean scores on awareness of speech, language development and disorders post-lecture showing that the study was successful in creating awareness of speech and language development and disorders among the pre-primary school teachers of Lucknow. Conclusion: Creating awareness on speech, language development and disorders among teachers will facilitate early identification and timely intervention of children with communication disorders. Policies that promote orientation and training of positive strategies for speech, language and communication among ASHA workers and Aganwadi teachers will go a long way in early identification and intervention in India. Key words: Awareness, Efficacy, Teachers, Communication Disorder, Development.

Effect of Amplification on Speech and Language in Children With Aural Atresia

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Attaway ◽  
Christopher L. Stone ◽  
Cindy Sendor ◽  
Emily R. Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Aural Atresia ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Speech And Language Development ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Purpose There currently is no guideline regarding amplification or verification for children with aural atresia. This population, with the absence of the ear canal, has obvious congenital hearing loss. Research suggests that delayed treatment for hearing loss can result in speech and language impairments, including poor performance in school. In this study we examined the relationship between amplification and emerging speech and language development in children with aural atresia. Method Subjects included children, 3 to 6 years of age, with conductive hearing loss due to atresia. Clinical evaluations were used to determine relationships between amplification and speech and language development. Subjects underwent an audiology exam, including pure-tone or warble-tone air and bone conduction using play audiometry techniques, and a speech and language evaluation assessing language and vocabulary skills. Results Subjects who were fitted before 1 year of age showed better compliance with aid use and exhibited fewer delays in speech and language development. Children with right-sided atresia had significantly greater speech and language delays when compared with age norms from standardized tests. Conclusion Our findings highlight a relationship between side of atresia, time of first amplification, compliance in aid use, and speech and language abilities.

scholarly journals The Influence of Hearing Aids on the Speech and Language Development of Children With Hearing Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bruce Tomblin ◽  
Jacob J. Oleson ◽  
Sophie E. Ambrose ◽  
Elizabeth Walker ◽  
Mary Pat Moeller
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech And Language Development
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