scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Response of Wild Olive (Olea europaea Subsp. europaea var. sylvestris) to Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josip Tadić ◽  
Gvozden Dumičić ◽  
Maja Veršić Bratinčević ◽  
Sandra Vitko ◽  
Sandra Radić Brkanac

In the face of climate change, water deficit and increasing soil salinity pose an even greater challenge to olive cultivation in the Mediterranean basin. Due to its tolerance to abiotic stresses, wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris) presents a good candidate in breeding climate-resilient olive varieties. In this study, the early response of the native Croatian wild olive genotype (WOG) to salinity was evaluated and compared with that of well-known cultivars (cv.) Leccino and Koroneiki. Potted olive plants were exposed either to 150 mM NaCl or 300 mM mannitol for 3 weeks to distinguish between the osmotic and ionic components of salt stress. To determine the impact of the plant age on salinity, 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old WOG plants were used in the study. The growth parameters of both the cultivars and WOG of different ages decreased in response to the mannitol treatment. In contrast to cv. Leccino, the NaCl treatment did not significantly affect the growth of cv. Koroneiki or WOG of any age. The contents of Na+ and Cl− were considerably higher in the salt-treated WOG, regardless of age, compared with the cultivars. However, while both treatments significantly reduced the K+ content of cv. Koroneiki, that nutrient was not significantly affected in either cv. Leccino or WOG. Unlike the cultivars and older WOG, the NaCl treatment caused a significant decline of photosynthetic pigments in the 1-year-old WOG. The cultivars and WOG of different ages experienced a similar drop in the chlorophyll a content under the isotonic mannitol treatment. The absence of lipid peroxidation, modulation of superoxide dismutase, and guaiacol peroxidase activity were noted in all WOG ages under both stressors. These data suggest that WOG resilience to salinity is associated with its large leaf capacity for Na+ and Cl− accumulation, K+ retention, and its adaptable antioxidative mechanisms. The results are promising with regard to obtaining a new olive cultivar with better resilience to soil salinity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Majid Golmohammadi ◽  
Omid Sofalian ◽  
Mehdi Taheri ◽  
Alireza Ghanbari ◽  
Valiollah Rasoli

The evergreen tree olive (Olea europaea L.) is the only species of the genus Olea that produces edible fruits with high ecological and economic value. This tree species has developed a series of physiochemical mechanisms to tolerate drought stress and grow under adverse climatic environments. One of these mechanisms is photosynthesis activities, so that as yet little information achieved about the relations between olive production and photosynthetic parameters under drought conditions. An experiment was carried out during two consecutive years (2015–2017) to study the response of 20 different olive tree cultivars (Olea europaea L.) to drought stress. Several parameters like net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (GS), transpiration rate (TE), photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid) and fruit yield were measured. The results of combined analysis of variance for fruit yield and other measured traits showed that year, drought treatment, cultivar main effects and their interactions were highly significant. The results indicated that drought stress reduced all traits, however GS (42.80%), PN (37.21%) and TE (37.17%) significantly affected by drought. Lower reduction in photosynthetic performance (PN, GS and TE) in the cultivar T7 compared to other olive cultivars allowed them to maintain better fruit yield. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified two PCs that accounted for 82.04 and 83.27% of the total variation in photosynthetic parameters under optimal and drought stress conditions, respectively. Taken together, mean comparison, relative changes due to drought and biplot analysis revealed that cultivars ‘T7’, ‘Roghani’, ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Korfolia’ and ‘Abou-satl’ displayed better response against drought stress. According to our results, one olive cultivar namely ‘T7’, could be used in olive breeding programs to improve new high yielding cultivars with drought tolerance for use in the drought-prone environments.


2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Baccouri ◽  
H. Manai ◽  
J.S. Casas ◽  
E. Osorio ◽  
Mokhtar Zarrouk

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Spadafora ◽  
Silvia Mazzuca ◽  
Francesca Fiorella Chiappetta ◽  
Attilio Parise ◽  
Enzo Perri ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1876-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Besnard ◽  
Pierre‐Olivier Cheptou ◽  
Malik Debbaoui ◽  
Pierre Lafont ◽  
Bernard Hugueny ◽  
...  

Heredity ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Lumaret ◽  
N Ouazzani ◽  
H Michaud ◽  
G Vivier ◽  
M-F Deguilloux ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
BECHIR BACCOURI ◽  
MOKHTAR GUERFEL ◽  
WISSEM ZARROUK ◽  
WAEL TAAMALLI ◽  
DOUJA DAOUD ◽  
...  

Tel Aviv ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nili Liphschitz ◽  
Ram Gophna ◽  
Georges Bonani ◽  
Amir Feldstein

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