scholarly journals Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Roy ◽  
Marcus Griffiths ◽  
Ivone Torres-Jerez ◽  
Bailey Sanchez ◽  
Elizabeth Antonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Nitrate Uptake Rate ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Nitrate Transporters

The root system of a plant provides vital functions including resource uptake, storage, and anchorage in soil. The uptake of macro-nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulphur (S) from the soil is critical for plant growth and development. Small signaling peptide (SSP) hormones are best known as potent regulators of plant growth and development with a few also known to have specialized roles in macronutrient utilization. Here we describe a high throughput phenotyping platform for testing SSP effects on root uptake of multiple nutrients. The SSP, CEP1 (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) enhanced nitrate uptake rate per unit root length in Medicago truncatula plants deprived of N in the high-affinity transport range. Single structural variants of M. truncatula and Arabidopsis thaliana specific CEP1 peptides, MtCEP1D1:hyp4,11 and AtCEP1:hyp4,11, enhanced uptake not only of nitrate, but also phosphate and sulfate in both model plant species. Transcriptome analysis of Medicago roots treated with different MtCEP1 encoded peptide domains revealed that hundreds of genes respond to these peptides, including several nitrate transporters and a sulfate transporter that may mediate the uptake of these macronutrients downstream of CEP1 signaling. Likewise, several putative signaling pathway genes including LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECPTOR-LIKE KINASES and Myb domain containing transcription factors, were induced in roots by CEP1 treatment. Thus, a scalable method has been developed for screening synthetic peptides of potential use in agriculture, with CEP1 shown to be one such peptide.

scholarly journals Application of synthetic peptide CEP1 increases nutrient uptake rates along plant roots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Roy ◽  
Marcus Griffiths ◽  
Ivone Torres-Jerez ◽  
Bailey Sanchez ◽  
Elizabeth Antonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Soil Uptake ◽  
Nitrate Uptake Rate ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Nitrate Transporters

AbstractThe root system of a plant provides vital functions including resource uptake, storage, and anchorage in soil. Uptake from the soil of macro-nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulphur (S) is critical for plant growth and development. Small signaling peptide (SSP) hormones are best known as potent regulators of plant growth and development with a few also known to have specialized roles in macronutrient utilization. Here we describe a high-throughput screen of SSP effects on root uptake of multiple nutrients. The SSP, MtCEP1 enhanced nitrate uptake rate per unit root length in Medicago truncatula plants deprived of N. MtCEP1 and AtCEP1 enhanced uptake not only of nitrate, but also phosphate and sulfate in both Medicago and Arabidopsis. Transcriptome analysis of Medicago roots treated with different MtCEP1 encoded peptide domains revealed that hundreds of genes respond to these peptides, including several nitrate transporters and a sulfate transporter that may mediate the uptake of these macronutrients downstream of CEP1 signaling. Likewise, several putative signaling pathway genes were induced in roots by CEP1 treatment. Thus, a scalable method has been developed for screening synthetic peptides of potential use in agriculture, with CEP1 shown to be one such peptide.

Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

Response of Poinsettia Growth and Development to Ratio of Radiant to Thermal Energy

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 508e-508
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Royal D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Daily Light Integral ◽  
Highly Correlated

A concept of ratio of radiant to thermal energy (RRT) has been developed to deal with the interactive effect of light and temperature on plant growth and development. This study further confirms that RRT is a useful parameter for plant growth, development, and quality control. Based on greenhouse experiments conducted with 27 treatment combinations of temperature, light, and plant spacing, a model for poinsettia plant growth and development was constructed using the computer program STELLA II. Results from the model simulation with different levels of daily light integral, temperature, and plant spacing showed that the RRT significantly affects leaf unfolding rate when RRT is lower than 0.025 mol/degree-day per plant. Plant dry weight is highly correlated with RRT; it increases linearly as RRT increases.

scholarly journals Brassinolide Enhances the Level of Brassinosteroids, Protein, Pigments, and Monosaccharides in Wolffia arrhiza Treated with Brassinazole

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Magdalena Chmur ◽  
Andrzej Bajguz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Synthetic Inhibitor ◽  
Wolffia Arrhiza ◽  
First Time

Brassinolide (BL) represents brassinosteroids (BRs)—a group of phytohormones that are essential for plant growth and development. Brassinazole (Brz) is as a synthetic inhibitor of BRs’ biosynthesis. In the present study, the responses of Wolffia arrhiza to the treatment with BL, Brz, and the combination of BL with Brz were analyzed. The analysis of BRs and Brz was performed using LC-MS/MS. The photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls, carotenes, and xanthophylls) levels were determined using HPLC, but protein and monosaccharides level using spectrophotometric methods. The obtained results indicated that BL and Brz influence W. arrhiza cultures in a concentration-dependent manner. The most stimulatory effects on the growth, level of BRs (BL, 24-epibrassinolide, 28-homobrassinolide, 28-norbrassinolide, catasterone, castasterone, 24-epicastasterone, typhasterol, and 6-deoxytyphasterol), and the content of pigments, protein, and monosaccharides, were observed in plants treated with 0.1 µM BL. Whereas the application of 1 µM and 10 µM Brz caused a significant decrease in duckweed weight and level of targeted compounds. Application of BL caused the mitigation of the Brz inhibitory effect and enhanced the BR level in duckweed treated with Brz. The level of BRs was reported for the first time in duckweed treated with BL and/or Brz.

scholarly journals Correction to: Non-specific phospholipase C (NPC): an emerging class of phospholipase C in plant growth and development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Nakamura ◽  
Anh H. Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phospholipase C ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development

The article Non-specific phospholipase C (NPC): an emerging class of phospholipase C in plant growth and development, was originally published Online First without Open Access.

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