scholarly journals Risk Factors for Sexual Offending in Self-Referred Men With Pedophilic Disorder: A Swedish Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Wittström ◽  
Niklas Långström ◽  
Valdemar Landgren ◽  
Christoffer Rahm
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Clinical Control ◽  
Abuse Risk ◽  
Pedophilic Disorder

BackgroundThe risk of child sexual abuse among non-forensic, non-correctional patients with Pedophilic Disorder (PD) is largely unknown.MethodsWe recruited a consecutive sample of 55 help-seeking, non-correctional adult men diagnosed with DSM-5 PD at a university-affiliated sexual medicine outpatient unit in Sweden. PD participants were compared with 57 age-matched, non-clinical control men on four literature-based dynamic risk domains and self-rated child sexual abuse risk.ResultsPD participants scored higher than controls on all tested domains (0–3 points); expectedly so for pedophilic attraction (2.5 vs. 0.0, Cohen’s d = 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.91–2.89]), but also for sexual preoccupation (1.6 vs. 1.0, d = 1.11, 95% CI: [0.71–1.51]), impaired self-regulation (1.4 vs. 1.0, d = 0.44, 95% CI: [0.06 to 0.81]), impaired cognitive empathy and antisocial traits (0.9 vs. 0.1, d = 1.18, 95% CI: [0.78–1.59]), and self-rated child sexual abuse risk (1.0 vs. 0.0, d = 1.56, 95% CI: [1.13–1.98]). When summarizing all five domains into a pre-specified composite score (0–15 points), PD subjects scored substantially higher than matched control men (7.5 vs. 2.1, d = 2.12, 95% CI: [1.65–2.59]). Five (9%) PD participants self-reported any previous conviction for a contact child sexual offense and eight (15%) for possession of child sexual abuse material or non-contact sexual offending (adult or child victim). Eighteen subjects (34%) acknowledged past week, child-related sexual behaviors.ConclusionSelf-referred, help-seeking men with PD scored higher (small to very large effect sizes) than non-clinical control men on psychiatric measures of dynamic risk of child sexual abuse suggested in prior research with correctional samples diagnosed with PD. Our findings, including the composite risk measure, might inform clinical practice, but needs validation against actual sexual offending behavior.

Child Sexual Abuse as a Unique Risk Factor for the Development of Psychopathology: The Compounded Convergence of Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie G. Noll
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Access To Treatment

Meta-analytic, population cohort, prospective, and clinical studies provide systematic evidence that child sexual abuse accounts for unique variation in several deleterious outcomes. There is strong evidence for psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder and mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and mixed evidence for personality disorders. Evaluation of sex-specific outcomes shows strong evidence for teenage childbearing, sexual revictimization, and sexual dysfunction and mixed evidence for heightened sexual behaviors and sexual offending. This review further demonstrates not only that survivors suffer the noxious impact of traumatic sexualization but that additional transdiagnostic mechanisms, including the biological embedding of stress, emotion dysregulation, avoidance, and insecure attachment, converge to compound risk for deleterious outcomes. A road map to enhance the rigor of future research is outlined, and specific recommendations for evidence-based policy making to boost prevention efforts and increase access to treatment are discussed. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Volume 17 is May 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist on Risk of Committing Child Sexual Abuse in Men With Pedophilic Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdemar Landgren ◽  
Kinda Malki ◽  
Matteo Bottai ◽  
Stefan Arver ◽  
Christoffer Rahm
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pedophilic Disorder

scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse as Lifespan Trauma Within the Context of Intimate Partner Violence: Experiences of Caribbean Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Caribbean Women

Background: There is a dearth of research which explores sexual abuse from perspectives of Caribbean women, despite its high prevalence in the region. While sexual violence is universal, tackling it requires a deep understanding of the contextual specificities in which it arises and of the intersections of gender with other sources of oppression and marginalisation. It also calls for the recognition that intimate partner violence against women is not separate from, but linked to violence against girls, not only because both are forms of gender-based violence but because together they speak to its historical, persistent and accumulative effects.Methods: In-depth intensive interviews were carried out with 35 women from Barbados and Grenada, aged 18–60 years who had experienced intimate partner violence under one of the following circumstances: during pregnancy (n = 15), as a woman a with disability (n = 8), as a woman living with HIV (n = 12). Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed and thematically analyzed.Results: The participants experienced multiple forms of violence within their relationships, often concurrently. Twenty-one of the women had been subject to sexual violence and of these, 19 had experienced sexual abuse as children; these experiences were viewed as interconnected and bolstered by the high level of violence-acceptance reported within communities. Women were subject to different forms of control by their partners depending upon prevailing discourses related to their circumstances (as pregnant, disabled, or HIV positive); being ‘vulnerable’ was synonymous with having one’s agency as an independent, autonomous person constrained and little external help was available.Conclusion: The study identified a clear chain of sexual behaviors, each of which fuel different layers of the problem: the prevalence of early sexualization of children is associated with the prevalence of child sexual abuse; child sexual abuse is pervasive in large part, because of the normalisation and social acceptance of violence against women and girls; “cultural” normalcy, in turn, fuels attitudes which contribute to sexual violence against women and women in especially vulnerable circumstances face additional risks. Integrated policy, which tackles these as interconnected issues is called for.

scholarly journals Applying desistance principles to improve wellbeing and prevent child sexual abuse among minor-attracted persons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lievesley ◽  
Craig A. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Integrative Theory ◽  
Seeking Help

The prevention of sexual abuse among people with sexual attractions to minors is a field of study that is growing in both size and importance. While there is an increasing amount of research into this topic, particularly in relation to the stigmatisation of minor-attracted persons (MAPs) and the barriers to them seeking help, there is currently no theoretical framework within which to consider this prevention landscape. In this paper, we suggest that an extension of Göbbels, Ward, and Willis’ (2012) integrative theory of desistance from sexual offending could fill this gap in the literature. We explore what the aims of ‘prevention’ initiatives could, or perhaps should, be, before exploring how an extension and adaptation of the desistance framework could provide a framework for working with MAPs in their journey for sound mental health and, ultimately, the prevention of sexual offending.

scholarly journals Who is worthy of help? Constructing the stereotype of the “ideal victim” of child sexual abuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Eelmaa ◽  
Maria Murumaa-Mengel
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Social Scripts ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sexual Abuse Victims ◽  
The Ideal

<div><div><div><p>The stereotype of the “ideal victim” often determines who is considered deserving of victim status, especially in sexual violence cases. In this Chapter, we explore how is the so-called “ideal victim” stereotype constructed and what are the elements necessary for the perception of “ideal victimhood.” We use empirical data from an unmoderated anonymous Estonian online forum that hosts various topic threads from children and young people, including posts about personally experienced sexual violence (N=28) and replies to these posts (N=361). The data was analyzed by combining a discursive psychological approach with qualitative thematic analysis. Results reveal and illustrate how the stereotype is constructed from various elements and characteristics of social scripts, perceived gender roles, and misconceptions about sexuality. We unveil how these social constructions affect responses and attitudes towards sexual abuse victims to provide input for designing prevention efforts that support disclosure and help-seeking.</p><p><br></p><div><div><div><p>This Chapter will soon appear in the book Child Sexual Abuse and the Media (publisher: NOMOS).</p></div></div></div></div></div></div>

scholarly journals Who is worthy of help? Constructing the stereotype of the “ideal victim” of child sexual abuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Eelmaa ◽  
Maria Murumaa-Mengel
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Social Scripts ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sexual Abuse Victims ◽  
The Ideal

<div><div><div><p>The stereotype of the “ideal victim” often determines who is considered deserving of victim status, especially in sexual violence cases. In this Chapter, we explore how is the so-called “ideal victim” stereotype constructed and what are the elements necessary for the perception of “ideal victimhood.” We use empirical data from an unmoderated anonymous Estonian online forum that hosts various topic threads from children and young people, including posts about personally experienced sexual violence (N=28) and replies to these posts (N=361). The data was analyzed by combining a discursive psychological approach with qualitative thematic analysis. Results reveal and illustrate how the stereotype is constructed from various elements and characteristics of social scripts, perceived gender roles, and misconceptions about sexuality. We unveil how these social constructions affect responses and attitudes towards sexual abuse victims to provide input for designing prevention efforts that support disclosure and help-seeking.</p><p><br></p><div><div><div><p>This Chapter will soon appear in the book Child Sexual Abuse and the Media (publisher: NOMOS).</p></div></div></div></div></div></div>

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