scholarly journals Facial and Vocal Expressions During Clinical Interviews Suggest an Emotional Modulation Paradox in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Explorative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Villanueva-Valle ◽  
José-Luis Díaz ◽  
Said Jiménez ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez-Delgado ◽  
Iván Arango de Montis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
Psychiatric Interview

Videotape recordings obtained during an initial and conventional psychiatric interview were used to assess possible emotional differences in facial expressions and acoustic parameters of the voice between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) female patients and matched controls. The incidence of seven basic emotion expressions, emotional valence, heart rate, and vocal frequency (f0), and intensity (dB) of the discourse adjectives and interjections were determined through the application of computational software to the visual (FaceReader) and sound (PRAAT) tracks of the videotape recordings. The extensive data obtained were analyzed by three statistical strategies: linear multilevel modeling, correlation matrices, and exploratory network analysis. In comparison with healthy controls, BPD patients express a third less sadness and show a higher number of positive correlations (14 vs. 8) and a cluster of related nodes among the prosodic parameters and the facial expressions of anger, disgust, and contempt. In contrast, control subjects showed negative or null correlations between such facial expressions and prosodic parameters. It seems feasible that BPD patients restrain the facial expression of specific emotions in an attempt to achieve social acceptance. Moreover, the confluence of prosodic and facial expressions of negative emotions reflects a sympathetic activation which is opposed to the social engagement system. Such BPD imbalance reflects an emotional alteration and a dysfunctional behavioral strategy that may constitute a useful biobehavioral indicator of the severity and clinical course of the disorder. This face/voice/heart rate emotional expression assessment (EMEX) may be used in the search for reliable biobehavioral correlates of other psychopathological conditions.

scholarly journals Emotional Components of Pain Perception in Borderline Personality Disorder and Major Depression—A Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation (rPMS) Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Kathrin Malejko ◽  
André Huss ◽  
Carlos Schönfeldt-Lecuona ◽  
Maren Braun ◽  
Heiko Graf
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
Cutaneous Sensation ◽  
Affective Components

Various studies suggested alterations in pain perception in psychiatric disorders, such as borderline personality disorder (BPD) and major depression (MD). We previously investigated affective components of pain perception in BPD compared to healthy controls (HC) by increasing aversive stimulus intensities using repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) and observed alterations in emotional rather than somatosensory components in BPD. However, conclusions on disorder specific alterations in these components of pain perception are often limited due to comorbid depression and medication in BPD. Here, we compared 10 patients with BPD and comorbid MD, 12 patients with MD without BPD, and 12 HC. We applied unpleasant somatosensory stimuli with increasing intensities by rPMS and assessed pain threshold (PT), cutaneous sensation, emotional valence, and arousal by a Self-Assessments Manikins scale. PTs in BPD were significantly higher compared to HC. The somatosensory discrimination of stimulus intensities did not differ between groups. Though elevated rPMS intensities led to increased subjective aversion and arousal in MD and HC, these emotional responses among intensity levels remained unchanged in BPD. Our data give further evidence for disorder-specific alterations in emotional components of pain perception in BPD with an absent emotional modulation among varying aversive intensity levels.

Facial Emotion Perception in Families Affected With Borderline Personality Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement A) ◽  
pp. 132-148
Author(s):  
Tahira Gulamani ◽  
Achala H. Rodrigo ◽  
Amanda A. Uliaszek ◽  
Anthony C. Ruocco
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Comparable Accuracy

Emotion perception biases may precipitate problematic interpersonal interactions in families affected with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and lead to conflictual relationships. In the present study, the authors investigated the familial aggregation of facial emotion recognition biases for neutral, happy, sad, fearful, and angry expressions in probands with BPD (n = 89), first-degree biological relatives (n = 67), and healthy controls (n = 87). Relatives showed comparable accuracy and response times to controls in recognizing negative emotions in aggregate and most discrete emotions. For sad expressions, both probands and relatives displayed slower response latencies, and they were more likely than controls to perceive sad expressions as fearful. Nonpsychiatrically affected relatives were slower than controls in responding to negative emotional expressions in aggregate, and fearful and sad facial expressions more specifically. These findings uncover potential biases in perceiving sad and fearful facial expressions that may be transmitted in families affected with BPD.

Effects of a Painful Stimulus on Stress Regulation in Male Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-412
Author(s):  
Janina Naoum ◽  
Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽  
Ulf Baumgärtner ◽  
Franziska Willis ◽  
Falk Mancke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Pain Stimulus ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pain Ratings ◽  
Male Patients

Pain processing in relation to stress has so far not been investigated in male patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This experimental pilot study examined 17 male BPD patients and 20 male healthy controls (HCs) to assess the effects of a pain stimulus on arousal, aggression, pain (ratings), and heart rate. At baseline, BPD patients showed significantly higher arousal and aggression; however, there was no significant difference in heart rate compared to the HC group. Following stress induction, a noninvasive mechanical pain stimulus was applied. No significant differences in pain ratings or heart rates were found between the groups. For arousal, a significantly stronger decrease was revealed in the BPD group compared to the HC group (t = 2.16, p = .038). Concerning aggression, the BPD group showed a significantly greater decrease after the pain stimulus than the HC group (t = 3.25, p = .002). This data showed that nonsuicidal self-injury can reduce arousal and aggression in male BPD.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability in bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a clinical review

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Carr ◽  
Maarten de Vos ◽  
Kate E A Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Technological Advances

Heart rate variability (HRV) in psychiatric disorders has become an increasing area of interest in recent years following technological advances that enable non-invasive monitoring of autonomic nervous system regulation. However, the clinical interpretation of HRV features remain widely debated or unknown. Standardisation within studies of HRV in psychiatric disorders is poor, making it difficult to reproduce or build on previous work. Recently, a Guidelines for Reporting Articles on Psychiatry and Heart rate variability checklist has been proposed to address this issue. Here we assess studies of HRV in bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder against this checklist and discuss the implication for ongoing research in this area.

Emotional Modulation of Impulse-control in Borderline Personality Disorder

NeuroImage ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S181
Author(s):  
O Tuescher ◽  
K Bader ◽  
S Kamphausen ◽  
S Maier ◽  
A Sebastian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Modulation

Negative bias in fast emotion discrimination in borderline personality disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dyck ◽  
U. Habel ◽  
J. Slodczyk ◽  
J. Schlummer ◽  
V. Backes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Direct Discrimination

BackgroundThe ability to decode emotional information from facial expressions is crucial for successful social interaction. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by serious problems in interpersonal relationships and emotional functioning. Empirical research on facial emotion recognition in BPD has been sparsely published and results are inconsistent. To specify emotion recognition deficits in BPD more closely, the present study implemented two emotion recognition tasks differing in response format.MethodNineteen patients with BPD and 19 healthy subjects were asked to evaluate the emotional content of visually presented stimuli (emotional and neutral faces). The first task, the Fear Anger Neutral (FAN) Test, required a rapid discrimination between negative or neutral facial expressions whereas in the second task, the Emotion Recognition (ER) Test, a precise decision regarding default emotions (sadness, happiness, anger, fear and neutral) had to be achieved without a time limit.ResultsIn comparison to healthy subjects, BPD patients showed a deficit in emotion recognition only in the fast discrimination of negative and neutral facial expressions (FAN Test). Consistent with earlier findings, patients demonstrated a negative bias in the evaluation of neutral facial expressions. When processing time was unlimited (ER Test), BPD patients performed as well as healthy subjects in the recognition of specific emotions. In addition, an association between performance in the fast discrimination task (FAN Test) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) co-morbidity was indicated.ConclusionsOur data suggest a selective deficit of BPD patients in rapid and direct discrimination of negative and neutral emotional expressions that may underlie difficulties in social interactions.

scholarly journals What’s in a face? Mentalizing in borderline personality disorder based on dynamically changing facial expressions.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicte Lowyck ◽  
Patrick Luyten ◽  
Dominique Vanwalleghem ◽  
Rudi Vermote ◽  
Linda C. Mayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Borderline Personality

scholarly journals Biased Attention to Facial Expressions of Ambiguous Emotions in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-S8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Kaiser ◽  
Gitta A. Jacob ◽  
Linda van Zutphen ◽  
Nicolette Siep ◽  
Andreas Sprenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Preliminary evidence suggests that biased attention could be crucial in fostering the emotion recognition abnormalities in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We compared BPD patients to Cluster-C personality disorder (CC) patients and non-patients (NP) regarding emotion recognition in ambiguous faces and their visual attention allocation to the eyes. The role of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in BPD regarding emotion recognition and visual attention was explored. BPD patients fixated the eyes of angry/happy, sad/happy, and fearful/sad blends longer than non-patients. This visual attention pattern was mainly driven by BPD patients with PTSD. This subgroup also demonstrated longer fixations than CC patients and a trend towards longer fixations than BPD patients without PTSD for the angry/happy and fearful/sad blends. Emotion recognition was not altered in BPD. Biased visual attention towards the eyes of ambiguous facial expressions in BPD might be due to trauma-related attentional bias rather than to impairments in facial emotion recognition.

Metacognitive Training for Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (B-MCT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kolbeck ◽  
Lisa Schilling
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Metacognitive Training ◽  
Low Threshold

Abstract. Metacognitive Training for borderline personality disorder (B-MCT) is a low-threshold group intervention program, which targets borderline-specific cognitive biases and aims to ameliorate borderline symptomatology. The goal of the intervention is to help patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) identify and weaken (meta-)cognitive biases (e. g., monocausal reasoning, high-confident responses when interpreting facial expressions) that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of BPD. Metacognitive training for BPD utilizes a “backdoor approach” by attenuating cognitive biases with entertaining and playful exercises. The training demonstrates patients that cognitive biases are normal to a certain extent, however, can lead to dysfunctional thinking patterns and compromise patient’s judgement when escalated. Preliminary findings confirm the feasibility, acceptance, and efficacy of B-MCT. This article describes the implementation of B-MCT in detail.

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