scholarly journals Identity Diffusion as the Organizing Principle of Borderline Personality Traits in Adolescents—A Non-clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienn Rivnyák ◽  
Melinda Pohárnok ◽  
Bernadette Péley ◽  
András Láng
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Identity Diffusion ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Borderline Personality Features

Growing evidence shows that diagnosing and treating borderline personality disorder (BPD) is of high relevance for affected youths. Although identity crisis is part of the normative developmental process, identity diffusion is a potential candidate for being an appropriate concept in further developing screening tools and interventions for BPD treatment in adolescence. We hypothesized that severity of borderline traits (as indicated by the strength of their associations with identity diffusion) would be negatively associated with non-clinical adolescents' endorsement of borderline features' presence. We also hypothesized that identity diffusion had a central role in the network of borderline personality traits and could be conceived of as a latent organizing principle of borderline personality disorder. In our study, 169 non-clinical adolescents (81 girls and 88 boys; Mage = 15.38; SDage = 1.52) filled out self-report measures of borderline personality features and identity diffusion. According to our results, having strong feelings and interpersonal sensitivity were the two most endorsed borderline personality features. Borderline personality features were positively correlated with identity diffusion. The more severe a borderline personality feature was, the less relevant it was for non-clinical adolescents. According to a network analysis, identity diffusion was the most central and least redundant element of the network of borderline personality traits. Results are discussed from a clinical point of view, further encouraging professionals to use identity diffusion screening tools to detect BPD in adolescence.

Screening for depression with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and finding borderline personality disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Judd ◽  
Stephanie Lorimer ◽  
Richard H Thomson ◽  
Angela Hay
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the range of psychiatric diagnoses seen in pregnant women who score above the ‘cut-off’ on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale when this is used as a routine screening instrument in the antenatal period. Method: Subjects were all pregnant women referred to and seen by the Perinatal Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Team of a tertiary public hospital over a 14-month period. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score at maternity ‘booking-in’ visit, demographic and clinical data were recorded and diagnoses were made according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria following clinical interview(s) and review of documented past history. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 200 patients who had completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were seen for assessment; 86 (43%) scored ⩾13 on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Of those scoring 13 or more on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, 22 (25.6%) had a depressive disorder. In total, 12 patients (14%) had an anxiety disorder, 14 (16.3%) had borderline personality disorder and 13 (15.1%) had a substance use disorder. An additional 23 women (26.7%) had two or more borderline personality traits. Conclusion: Psychiatric assessment of women who scored 13 or more on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at routine antenatal screening identified a significant number with borderline personality disorder or borderline personality traits rather than depressive or anxiety disorders. Clinical Practice Guidelines note the importance of further assessment for all women who score 13 or more on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The findings here suggest that this assessment should be made by a clinician able to identify personality pathology and organise appropriate and timely interventions.

The Relationship between Bipolar and Borderline Personality Disorder traits, Impulsivity, and GPA among a college student population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailun Li ◽  
Jiaxuan Teng ◽  
Zuzanna Jagoda Tajchman ◽  
Iris Vilares
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits ◽  
Behavioral Tasks

Background: Impulsivity as a multidimensional construct is commonly linked with a wide range of mental health disorders, such as Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BorPD). Previous research suggests that individuals with BD and BorPD are more likely to be associated with lower academic achievement. This experiment aims to investigate the interrelation between BD or BorPD traits, impulsivity, and poor academic performance (GPA). Method: Our pre-registered study tested bipolar and borderline personality traits from a sample of 125 college students. Two behavioral tasks (Two-choice impulsivity paradigm; Go/no-go) and a self-report questionnaire (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11) were used to measure impulsivity. Students’ Grade Point Averages (GPAs) were also collected. Results: Both bipolar and borderline personality traits were positively correlated with the self-report impulsivity questionnaire (BIS-11) but not with the behavioral tasks. Students’ GPA were not significantly correlated with BD, BorPD traits, and impulsivity measures (behavioral and self-report). The self-report impulsivity questionnaire (BIS-11) was only significantly correlated with the Go/no-go task performance, but not the two-choice impulsivity paradigm. Limitations: This study is a correlational study in which participants have pre-existing conditions, therefore we cannot get a causal relationship. Besides, due to the normative sample, the study can only look at traits instead of diagnosis. Conclusions: Results from this study suggest that students with bipolar and/or borderline personality traits tend to have higher self-report impulsivity, without a noticeable impact on their GPA. Our results also support the growing consensus that impulsivity describes a diverse set of processes and traits.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Causes of Individual Differences in Borderline Personality Disorder Features and Loneliness are Partially Shared

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Lucía Colodro-Conde ◽  
Katrina L. Grasby ◽  
Ian B. Hickie ◽  
Jane Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
Variation Explained ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Borderline Personality Features

AbstractLoneliness is related to mental and somatic health outcomes, including borderline personality disorder. Here, we analyze the sources of variation that are responsible for the relationship between borderline personality features (including four dimensions, affective instability, identity disturbance, negative relationships, self-harm and a total score) and loneliness. Using genetically informative data from two large nonclinical samples of adult twin pairs from Australia and the Netherlands (N = 11,329), we estimate the phenotypic, genetic and environmental correlations between self-reported borderline personality features and loneliness. Individual differences in borderline personality and loneliness were best explained by additive genetic factors with heritability estimates h2 = 41% for the borderline personality total score and h2 = 36% for loneliness, with the remaining variation explained by environmental influences that were not shared by twins from the same pair. Genetic and environmental factors influencing borderline personality (total score and four subscales separately) were also partial causes of loneliness. The correlation between loneliness and the borderline personality total score was rph = .51. The genetic correlation was estimated at rg = .64 and the environmental correlation at re = .40. Our study suggests common etiological factors in loneliness and borderline personality features.

Prediction of Treatment Outcome of Adolescents With Borderline Personality Disorder: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Erik Simonsen ◽  
Martin Vestergaard ◽  
Ole Jakob Storeb⊘ ◽  
Sune Bo ◽  
Mie Sedoc J⊘rgensen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Borderline Personality Features

This study examined prediction of various clinical outcomes in adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) features. Of the 112 adolescents who participated at baseline, 97 were seen at 2-year follow-up, of which 49 (50.5%) had clinically improved, defined as a decrease in BPD pathology of minimum 12 points on the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children (BPFS-C). Eighty-one adolescents fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for BPD and scored above clinical cutoff on the BPFS-C at baseline, of which 26 (32%) had remitted at follow-up by self-report on the BPFS-C. Results showed that adolescents with comorbid oppositional defiant disorder at baseline were less likely to have clinically improved or remitted at follow-up. Participants with increased self-reported depression and less exposure to physical abuse at baseline had increased odds of remission. Our findings suggest that more internalizing and less externalizing symptoms increase the odds of positive treatment outcome in adolescents with BPD.

Prevalence and characteristics of women with borderline personality pathology referred to a perinatal consultation liaison service

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742199877
Author(s):  
Katharina Nagel ◽  
Richard Thomson ◽  
Stephanie Lorimer ◽  
Fiona Judd
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits ◽  
Consultation Liaison Psychiatry

Objective: To examine the prevalence and characteristics of pregnant women with borderline personality pathology (defined as borderline personality disorder and borderline personality traits) referred to a perinatal consultation-liaison psychiatry service. Method: Socio-demographic and clinical data, and diagnoses made according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria were recorded for all women referred to and seen by the perinatal consultation-liaison psychiatry service over an 18-month period. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 318 women were seen. The most common diagnoses found were depressive disorder (25.5%) and anxiety disorder (15.1%). Borderline personality disorder was found in 10.1% of women and almost one in five women had two or more borderline personality traits (19.5%). When compared to women with other diagnoses, women with borderline personality pathology had higher rates of unplanned pregnancy, being unpartnered, substance use during pregnancy and higher rates of child safety services involvement as a child or in a previous pregnancy. Over 40% of women with borderline personality pathology were referred to child safety services in the current pregnancy and a diagnosis of borderline personality pathology increased the risk of child safety services involvement by almost sixfold (odds ratio: 5.5; 95% confidence interval = [1.50, 20.17]). Conclusion: The prevalence of borderline personality pathology in antenatal women identified at antenatal screening and the recognition that women with borderline personality pathology are ‘high-risk’ caregivers argue for borderline personality pathology to be recognised as a high priority for investment in service development.

Personality Disorders

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosefa A. Ehrlich ◽  
Amir Garakani ◽  
Stephanie R Pavlos ◽  
Larry Siever
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Medical Disorders

Personality can be defined as an organizational system of self that shapes the manner in which a person interacts with his or her environment. Personality traits develop in adolescence or early adulthood and are thought to be shaped by early childhood experiences and enduring throughout a lifetime. Personality traits that prevent an individual from being able to function in society or that cause significant distress are diagnosed as personality disorders. A thorough history is needed to rule out other psychiatric and medical disorders. This chapter reviews the diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, comorbidity, prevalence, etiology (including genetics and neurobiology), prognosis, and treatment of paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, borderline, antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, and dependent personality disorders. A discussion of the relevance of personality disorders to primary care practices and approaches to managing such patients is also included. Tables describe the diagnostic criteria of each personality disorder. Figures illustrate the prevalence of personality disorders in the general and psychiatric populations; schizotypal personality disorder in the community, general population, and clinical population; childhood trauma in individuals with personality disorder; and comorbid disorders in individuals with borderline personality disorder. A model of brain processing in borderline personality disorder is also featured. This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 10 tables, 230 references, and 5 MCQs.

Personality and Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Joel Paris
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Affective Instability

Personality traits differ among normal people, and one should only diagnose a personality disorder (PD) in the presence of a clear-cut impairment of functioning. Most of these disorders lie on a spectrum with traits, but those that cause prominent symptoms present more often in psychiatry The most clinically important category of PD is borderline personality disorder (BPD), but this condition is widely underdiagnosed. Since these patients often present with depression and/or affective instability, clinicians often see them as suffering from mood disorders, and treat them unsuccessfully with antidepressants. However, this population, which shows repetitive suicidal behavior, needs to be correctly diagnosed to be referred for specialized psychotherapy.

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