scholarly journals Defense Mechanisms and Borderline Personality Organization Among COVID-19 Believers and Non-believers During Complete Lock-Down

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Zajenkowska ◽  
Iwona Nowakowska ◽  
Marta Bodecka-Zych ◽  
Joanna Rajchert ◽  
Izabela Kaźmierczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Personality Organization ◽  
Online Study

The aim of the current study was to investigate whether a specific social perception of the pandemic—believing or not in COVID-19—predicts borderline personality organizations and whether this relationship is mediated by more primitive maladaptive mechanisms—splitting, denial, and dissociation. The online study included 720 organization aged 25–45. Participants were diverse in terms of place of residence, being in a relationship, and education level. Approximately 30% of the general population reported not believing in the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-believers scored slightly higher on borderline symptoms and used more maladaptive defense mechanisms than believers. Individuals who deny COVID-19 are more likely to show characteristics of borderline personality organization. Splitting is an important mechanism in this relationship.

scholarly journals Pregnant women’s knowledge on early orthodontic prevention – a questionnaire survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szalewska ◽  
Monika Boryczka ◽  
Anna Kapica ◽  
Justyna Lemejda ◽  
Marta Łukasik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Lower Silesia ◽  
Masticatory Organ

Abstract Introduction. Ensuring proper conditions for the development of the masticatory organ of the child can prevent or reduce the incidence of malocclusion. Aim. The study aimed to assess the knowledge of mothers on selected elements of early orthodontic prevention. Material and methods. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 234 pregnant women and women in childbirth from Lower Silesia, Lublin and Lubuskie voivodships. The survey included questions about demographics of mothers, such as age, place of residence, education level, and 10 questions on selected elements of early orthodontic prevention. Results. The knowledge of mothers on the early orthodontic prevention is associated with the level of education and the place of residence - women with higher education and living in large cities have the greatest expertise in this field, although it is still inadequate in general population of women.

scholarly journals Personality Organization and Paraphilic Interests in Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
A. Prunas ◽  
◽  
R. Di Pierro ◽  
R. Bernorio ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Identity Integration ◽  
Personality Organization ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Reality Testing ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: According to Kernberg’s psychodynamic model of personality organization (2012), identity integration, defense mechanisms and reality testing allow the classification of personality functioning in three main organizations lying on a continuum of severity. A specific relation is hypothesized to exist between the continuum of personality organization and the spectrum of sexual pathology, ranging from some degree of sexual inhibition in the presence of the capacity for a stable love relationship (neurotic personality organization), to inordinate and chaotic sexual life combined with paraphilic features (borderline personality organization). The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between features of BPO and the clinical relevance of paraphilic interests in a sample of women from the community. Design and Method: We sampled 224 women voluntarily recruited through adds posted on different websites. Volunteers were invited to participate in a research project on the “relationship between personality characteristics and sexual life”. After providing consent, all participants were invited to fill in a set of questionnaires including: - the Inventory of Personality Organization (Lenzenweger et al., 2001), to assess the main domains of personality structure according to Kernberg’s model; - a modified version of the Paraphilia Scale (Dawson et al., 2014). Results: We found that the presence of three markers of borderline personality organization (Instability of self/others, Instability of behaviour and Psychosis) is associated, in a linear fashion, to the presence and clinical relevance of paraphilic interests. Conclusions: Results support the importance of an accurate assessment of sexual life in order to obtain essential clinical information on personality functioning in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Teacher’s Reasons for Trust and Distrust in Scientific Evidence: Reflecting a “Smart But Evil” Stereotype?

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110285
Author(s):  
Tom Rosman ◽  
Samuel Merk
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

We investigate in-service teachers’ reasons for trust and distrust in educational research compared to research in general. Building on previous research on a so-called “smart but evil” stereotype regarding educational researchers, three sets of confirmatory hypotheses were preregistered. First, we expected that teachers would emphasize expertise—as compared with benevolence and integrity—as a stronger reason for trust in educational researchers. Moreover, we expected that this pattern would not only apply to educational researchers, but that it would generalize to researchers in general. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the pattern could also be found in the general population. Following a pilot study aiming to establish the validity of our measures (German general population sample; N = 504), hypotheses were tested in an online study with N = 414 randomly sampled German in-service teachers. Using the Bayesian informative hypothesis evaluation framework, we found empirical support for five of our six preregistered hypotheses.

Shame in Borderline Personality Disorder: Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement A) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Tzipi Buchman-Wildbaum ◽  
Zsolt Unoka ◽  
Robert Dudas ◽  
Gabriella Vizin ◽  
Zsolt Demetrovics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Ptsd Symptomatology

Shame has been found to be a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). To date, there is no existing systematic review or meta-analysis examining shame in individuals with BPD as compared to healthy controls (HCs). A meta-analysis of 10 studies comparing reported shame in BPD patients to HCs was carried out. Demographic and clinical moderator variables were included to see if they have a relationship with the effect size. Results showed that those with BPD had more reported shame than healthy controls. In addition, in BPD patients and HCs, higher education level was related to lower reported shame. In HCs, it was found that those who were younger reported a higher level of shame. Finally, among BPD patients, there was a relationship between levels of reported shame and elevated PTSD symptomatology. These findings emphasize the clinical relevance of shame in individuals with BPD and the need to formulate psychotherapeutic strategies that target and decrease shame.

scholarly journals Quality or quantity? A multi-study analysis of emotion regulation skills deficits associated with Borderline Personality Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Southward ◽  
Jennifer S. Cheavens
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Biosocial Theory ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group D

Linehan’s (1993) biosocial theory posits that people with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) have emotion regulation skills deficits characterized by 1) less frequent use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies, 2) more frequent use of maladaptive strategies, or 3) poorer quality strategy implementation (i.e., strategies implemented less skillfully). We tested these possibilities among participants with BPD, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), or no disorder (controls). Study 1 participants (N = 272) were recruited online; Study 2 participants (N = 90) completed in-person diagnostic assessments. The BPD groups reported greater use of maladaptive strategies than the MDD (d = .35) and control (d = 1.54) groups and lower quality implementation than the MDD (d = .33) and control groups (d = .97). BPD participants reported similar use of adaptive strategies as the MDD group (d = .09) but less use than controls (d = .47). BPD may be uniquely characterized by overuse of maladaptive strategies and poorer quality emotion regulation implementation.

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