scholarly journals Mediators for the Effect of Compassion Cultivating Training: A Longitudinal Path Analysis in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Caregivers of People With Mental Illness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanja Holland Hansen ◽  
Lone Overby Fjorback ◽  
Morten Frydenberg ◽  
Lise Juul
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Emotion Suppression ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background: There is a paucity of research on mediators of change, within compassion training programs. The aim was to investigate the mediators, of an 8-week compassion cultivation training (CCT) program, on the effect of psychological distress on caregivers of people with a mental illness.Method: Longitudinal path models in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). One hundred ninety-two participants were assessed for eligibility, and 161 participants were included into the trial and randomized. The main outcome was psychological distress measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale at 6 months. Mediators included self-compassion (SC), mindfulness (FM), emotion regulation (ER), emotion suppression (ES), and cognitive reappraisal (CR). Baseline, post, and 3- and 6-month follow-up measurements were collected.Results: The mediated effects for CCT are as follows: depression at 6 months: SC: −1.81 (95% CI: −3.31 to −0.31); FM: −1.98 (95% CI: −3.65 to −0.33); ER: −0.14 (95% CI: −1.31 to 1.02); anxiety at 6 months: SC: −0.71 (95% CI: −1.82 to 0.40); FM: −1.24 (95% CI: −2.39 to −0.09); ER: 0.18 (95% CI: −1.04 to 1.40); stress at 6 months: SC: −1.44 (95% CI: −2.84 to −0.05); FM: −2.17 (95% CI: −3.63 to −0.71); ER: −0.27 (95% CI: −1.51 to 0.98).Conclusion: Mindfulness and self-compassion are important components in reducing psychological distress experienced by informal caregivers of people with a mental illness. Results contribute to the knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of CCT.

Reducing Body Image–Related Distress in Women With Breast Cancer Using a Structured Online Writing Exercise: Results From the My Changed Body Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (19) ◽  
pp. 1930-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Sherman ◽  
Astrid Przezdziecki ◽  
Jessica Alcorso ◽  
Christopher Jon Kilby ◽  
Elisabeth Elder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Compassion

Purpose Breast cancer treatment adverse effects result in one in three survivors experiencing body image–related distress (BID) that negatively impacts on a woman’s ability to recover after cancer and into survivorship. My Changed Body (MyCB) is a Web-based psychological intervention to alleviate BID and improve body appreciation in survivors of breast cancer (BCSs) through a single-session, self-compassion focused writing activity. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of MyCB on BID and body appreciation in BCSs. The moderating effect of lymphedema status (affected or unaffected) and appearance investment (self-importance placed on personal appearance) and the mediating effect of self-compassion were evaluated. Patients and Methods Women (disease-free stage I to III BCSs who had experienced at least one negative event related to bodily changes after breast cancer) were randomly assigned to MyCB (n = 149) or an expressive writing control arm (n = 155). Primary outcomes were reduction in BID and improvement in body appreciation 1 week after intervention. Secondary outcomes included psychological distress (depression and anxiety) and self-compassion. Follow-up assessments occurred 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after writing. Results Compliance with the MyCB intervention was 88%, and attrition was 9.2%. Intent-to-treat linear mixed models indicated that participants who received MyCB reported significantly less BID ( P = .035) and greater body appreciation ( P = .004) and self-compassion ( P < .001) than expressive writing participants. Intervention effects on BID were moderated by lymphedema status ( P = .007) and appearance investment ( P = .042). Self-compassion mediated effects on both primary outcomes. Therapeutic effects were maintained at 1 month (BID and body appreciation) and 3 months (body appreciation) after intervention. Significant reductions in psychological distress (1-month depression, P = .001; 1-week and 1-month anxiety, P = .007) were evident for MyCB participants with lymphedema. Conclusion This study supports the efficacy of MyCB for reducing BID and enhancing body appreciation among BCSs.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Self-Compassion Writing Intervention for Adults With Mental Illness

2020 ◽  
pp. 104973152097277
Author(s):  
Debra Urken ◽  
Craig Winston LeCroy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Proactive Coping ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Writing Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
And Control

Purpose: Studies have found that writing with self-compassion about a stressful event helps promote mental health in college students and nonclinical populations. Using a randomized controlled trial, this study investigated whether a self-compassion writing intervention would lead to increases in self-compassion and proactive coping and reductions in mental health symptoms in a sample of individuals with mental illness. Method: Individuals with mental disorders were recruited and randomly assigned to a treatment condition in which participants wrote with self-compassion or a control condition where participants wrote about how they spent their time. Outcome measures were administered at pretest, after the 3-day intervention, and 1 month later. Results: Both the treatment and control groups showed significant improvements in self-compassion, proactive coping, mental health, and physical health. Discussion: Overall, the results suggest both self-compassion writing and writing about how one spends one’s time may be beneficial for individuals with mental illness.

Impact of a Housing First intervention on homeless Veterans with mental illness: a Canadian multisite randomized controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Bourque ◽  
Linda VanTil ◽  
Caroline Gibbons ◽  
Stefanie Renee LeBlanc ◽  
Liette-Andrée Landry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Housing First ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Homeless Veterans

scholarly journals An internet-based self-help intervention for people with psychological distress due to COVID-19: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Anja Brog ◽  
Julia Katharina Hegy ◽  
Thomas Berger ◽  
Hansjörg Znoj
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Self ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic status and is affecting countries all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic is accompanied by various stressors that require adjustment in everyday life and possibly changes in personal future prospects. While some individuals cope well with these challenges, some develop psychological distress including depressive symptoms, anxiety, or stress. Internet-based self-help interventions have proven to be effective in the treatment of various mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Based on that, we developed an internet-based self-help program for individuals with psychological distress due to the situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. The 3-week self-help program consists of 6 modules comprising texts, videos, figures, and exercises. Participants can request guidance within the self-help program (guidance on demand). The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the self-help program compared to a waiting control condition. Methods The design is a parallel group randomized controlled trial. Participants are allocated to a 3-week self-help intervention plus care as usual or a 3-week waiting period with only care as usual. There are follow-ups after 6 weeks and 18 weeks. At least 80 participants with COVID-19 pandemic related psychological distress will be recruited. Primary outcome are depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include anxiety and chronic stress, suicidal experiences and behavior, health-related quality of life, generalized optimism and pessimism, embitterment, optimistic self-beliefs, emotion regulation skills, loneliness, resilience, and the satisfaction with and usability of the self-help program. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first studies investigating the efficacy of an internet-based self-help program for psychological distress due to the situation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the results of this study may give further insight into the use of internet-based self-help programs in pandemic-related psychological distress. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04380909. Retrospectively registered on 8 May 2020.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Reprogramming—What Is the Benefit of Hypothermic Oxygenated Perfusion in Liver Transplantation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Rebecca Panconesi ◽  
Mauricio Flores Carvalho ◽  
Matteo Mueller ◽  
Philipp Dutkowski ◽  
Paolo Muiesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Machine Perfusion ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hypothermic Perfusion ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Circulatory Death

Although machine perfusion is a hot topic today, we are just at the beginning of understanding the underlying mechanisms of protection. Recently, the first randomized controlled trial reported a significant reduction of ischemic cholangiopathies after transplantation of livers donated after circulatory death, provided the grafts were treated with an endischemic hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE). This approach has been known for more than fifty years, and was initially mainly used to preserve kidneys before implantation. Today there is an increasing interest in this and other dynamic preservation technologies and various centers have tested different approaches in clinical trials and cohort studies. Based on this, there is a need for uniform perfusion settings (perfusion route and duration), and the development of general guidelines regarding the duration of cold storage in context of the overall donor risk is also required to better compare various trial results. This article will highlight how cold perfusion protects organs mechanistically, and target such technical challenges with the perfusion setting. Finally, the options for viability testing during hypothermic perfusion will be discussed.

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