scholarly journals Recent Advances in Wind Turbine Noise Research

Acoustics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Hansen ◽  
Kristy Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Noise Generation ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise

This review is focussed on large-scale, horizontal-axis upwind turbines. Vertical-axis turbines are not considered here as they are not sufficiently efficient to be deployed in the commercial generation of electricity. Recent developments in horizontal-axis wind turbine noise research are summarised and topics that are pertinent to the problem, but are yet to be investigated, are explored and suggestions for future research are offered. The major portion of recent and current research on wind turbine noise generation, propagation and its effects on people and animals is being undertaken by groups in Europe, UK, USA, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Considerable progress has been made in understanding wind turbine noise generation and propagation as well as the effect of wind farm noise on people, birds and animals. However, much remains to be done to answer many of the questions for which answers are still uncertain. In addition to community concerns about the effect of wind farm noise on people and how best to regulate wind farm noise and check installed wind farms for compliance, there is considerable interest from turbine manufacturers in developing quieter rotors, with the intention of allowing wind farm installations to be closer to populated areas. The purpose of this paper is to summarise recent and current wind farm noise research work and the research questions that remain to be addressed or are in the process of being addressed. Topics that are the subject of on-going research are discussed briefly and references to recent and current work are included.

Overview of Subsynchronous Oscillation in Grid-connected Wind Farm

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 969-979
Author(s):  
Xu Pei-Zhen ◽  
Lu Yong-Geng ◽  
Cao Xi-Min
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Subsynchronous Oscillation ◽  
Different Types

Background: Over the past few years, the subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) caused by the grid-connected wind farm had a bad influence on the stable operation of the system and has now become a bottleneck factor restricting the efficient utilization of wind power. How to mitigate and suppress the phenomenon of SSO of wind farms has become the focus of power system research. Methods: This paper first analyzes the SSO of different types of wind turbines, including squirrelcage induction generator based wind turbine (SCIG-WT), permanent magnet synchronous generator- based wind turbine (PMSG-WT), and doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbine (DFIG-WT). Then, the mechanisms of different types of SSO are proposed with the aim to better understand SSO in large-scale wind integrated power systems, and the main analytical methods suitable for studying the SSO of wind farms are summarized. Results: On the basis of results, using additional damping control suppression methods to solve SSO caused by the flexible power transmission devices and the wind turbine converter is recommended. Conclusion: The current development direction of the SSO of large-scale wind farm grid-connected systems is summarized and the current challenges and recommendations for future research and development are discussed.

scholarly journals An Aero-acoustic Noise Distribution Prediction Methodology for Offshore Wind Farms

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiufa Cao ◽  
Weijun Zhu ◽  
Xinbo Wu ◽  
Tongguang Wang ◽  
Haoran Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Noise Source ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Noise Generation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise

Recently attention has been paid to wind farm noise due to its negative health impact, not only on human beings, but also to marine and terrestrial organisms. The current work proposes a numerical methodology to generate a numerical noise map for a given wind farm. Noise generation from single wind turbines as well as wind farms has its basis in the nature of aerodynamics, caused by the interactions between the incoming turbulent flow and the wind turbine blades. Hence, understanding the mechanisms of airfoil noise generation, demands access to sophisticated numerical tools. The processes of modeling wind farm noise include three steps: (1) The whole wind farm velocity distributions are modelled with an improved Jensen’s wake model; (2) The individual wind turbine’s noise is simulated by a semi-empirical wind turbine noise source model; (3) Propagations of noise from all wind turbines are carried out by solving the parabolic wave equation. In the paper, the wind farm wake effect from the Horns Rev wind farm is studied. Based on the resulted wind speed distributions in the wind farm, the wind turbine noise source and its propagation are simulated for the whole wind farm.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Wind Turbine Noise and Self-Reported Health in Suburban Residential Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Qu ◽  
Aki Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Noise Mapping ◽  
Wind Turbine Noise ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
The Uk

Wind turbines play an important role in the worldwide mission of producing renewable energy. The development toward integrating large-scale wind turbines in the urban environment has raised concerns over the noise impacts on urban residents. While most of the existing studies on wind turbine noise (WTN) have focused on rural settings, this paper investigates the relationship between WTN, noise perception and self-reported health of people, and controlling for background characteristics of the residents in urbanized areas. Questionnaire surveys were carried out around three suburban wind farms in the UK with 359 respondents. A-weighted sound pressure levels of WTN were predicted using noise mapping, for the most exposed façade of each dwelling of the respondent. The dose-response relationship was found between WTN and annoyance, moderated by age and degree of education. WTN was associated with some aspects of self-reported health, including raised health concerns, having headaches, nausea, and ear discomfort, but was not related to sleep disturbance directly. Noise sensitivity, attitudes to wind energy, and visibility of the wind turbines were found to significantly influence self-reported health. By employing a second variant of the questionnaire with the research aim masked, this study also addressed the focusing effects induced by the questionnaire design. The significant differences in the reported adverse health between questionnaire variants implied focusing bias among the sample who knew the research purpose. This elicited a methodological finding that should be noted in future research.

scholarly journals Modeling and simulation of forces applied to the horizontal axis wind turbine rotors by the vortex method coupled with the method of the blade element

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Ibtissem Barkat ◽  
Abdelouahab Benretem ◽  
Fawaz Massouh ◽  
Issam Meghlaoui ◽  
Ahlem Chebel
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Vortex Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Blade Element

This article aims to study the forces applied to the rotors of horizontal axis wind turbines. The aerodynamics of a turbine are controlled by the flow around the rotor, or estimate of air charges on the rotor blades under various operating conditions and their relation to the structural dynamics of the rotor are critical for design. One of the major challenges in wind turbine aerodynamics is to predict the forces on the blade as various methods, including blade element moment theory (BEM), the approach that is naturally adapted to the simulation of the aerodynamics of wind turbines and the dynamic and models (CFD) that describes with fidelity the flow around the rotor. In our article we proposed a modeling method and a simulation of the forces applied to the horizontal axis wind rotors turbines using the application of the blade elements method to model the rotor and the vortex method of free wake modeling in order to develop a rotor model, which can be used to study wind farms. This model is intended to speed up the calculation, guaranteeing a good representation of the aerodynamic loads exerted by the wind.

Effect of wind turbine nacelle on turbine wake dynamics in large wind farms

2019 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Foti ◽  
Xiaolei Yang ◽  
Lian Shen ◽  
Fotis Sotiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Coherent Structures ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Velocity Deficit ◽  
Farm Scale ◽  
Turbine Wake

Wake meandering, a phenomenon of large-scale lateral oscillation of the wake, has significant effects on the velocity deficit and turbulence intensities in wind turbine wakes. Previous studies of a single turbine (Kang et al., J. Fluid. Mech., vol. 774, 2014, pp. 374–403; Foti et al., Phys. Rev. Fluids, vol. 1 (4), 2016, 044407) have shown that the turbine nacelle induces large-scale coherent structures in the near field that can have a significant effect on wake meandering. However, whether nacelle-induced coherent structures at the turbine scale impact the emergent turbine wake dynamics at the wind farm scale is still an open question of both fundamental and practical significance. We take on this question by carrying out large-eddy simulation of atmospheric turbulent flow over the Horns Rev wind farm using actuator surface parameterisations of the turbines without and with the turbine nacelle taken into account. While the computed mean turbine power output and the mean velocity field away from the nacelle wake are similar for both cases, considerable differences are found in the turbine power fluctuations and turbulence intensities. Furthermore, wake meandering amplitude and area defined by wake meanders, which indicates the turbine wake unsteadiness, are larger for the simulations with the turbine nacelle. The wake influenced area computed from the velocity deficit profiles, which describes the spanwise extent of the turbine wakes, and the spanwise growth rate, on the other hand, are smaller for some rows in the simulation with the nacelle model. Our work shows that incorporating the nacelle model in wind farm scale simulations is critical for accurate predictions of quantities that affect the wind farm levelised cost of energy, such as the dynamics of wake meandering and the dynamic loads on downwind turbines.

Comparative Study of the Inline Configuration Wind Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa S. Hasan ◽  
Tarek Elgammal ◽  
Randall S. Jackson ◽  
Ryoichi S. Amano
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Depth Analysis

Abstract This research provides an in-depth analysis of the flow around the rotor and in the wake of a single horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) model at different free stream velocities and tip speed ratios (TSRs). Moreover, it extracts some recommendations that might be beneficial for large-scale projects such as wind farm layout design and power output prediction. For this purpose, modeling and experimental testing of a wind tunnel test section, including a single wind turbine model inside were created and validated against present experimental data of the same model. The large Eddy simulation (LES) was used as a numerical approach to model the Navier–Stokes equations. The computational domain was divided into two areas: rotational and stationary. The unsteady rigid body motion (RBM) model was adopted to represent the rotor rotation accurately.

Research on the Door Buckling Strength of Turbine Tower of HAWTs

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1239-1243
Author(s):  
Kai Long ◽  
Ji Xiu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Engineering Method ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Buckling Modes ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Wind Turbine Tower

In order to realize the buckling strength design for the opening door of the large-scale horizontal axis wind turbine tower, the method combined with the engineering method and the FEM was presented. The FE model of the door was established. The first-order buckling eigenvalues and buckling modes for three different structures were calculated and analyzed. Based on engineering method, the stress and buckling strength for the sections of tubular tower were obtained. Corrected by FEM results, the tower door with opening buckling strength were checked by engineering method. The results were compared with those by FEM. The safe design structure anti-buckling were presented. The method presented in this paper is feasible and effective for the opening door design in large-scale horizontal axis wind turbine tower.

Numerical Analysis of a Large-Scale Hydraulic Wind Farm With Integrated Hydraulic Energy Storage

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Buhagiar ◽  
Tonio Sant
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Pipeline Network

Offshore wind farms are presently facing numerous technical challenges that are affecting their viability. High failure rates of expensive nacelle-based electronics and gearboxes are particularly problematic. On-going research is investigating the possibility of shifting to a seawater-based hydraulic power transmission, whereby wind turbines pressurise seawater that is transmitted across a high-pressure pipeline network. A 9-turbine hydraulic wind farm with three different configurations is simulated in the present work and a previously developed method for open-loop pressure control of a single turbine has been adapted for this multiple-turbine scenario. A conceptual quasi-constant-pressure accumulator is also included in the model. This system is directly integrated within each hydraulic wind turbine and it allows the output power from the wind farm to be scheduled on an hourly basis. The shift in control methodology when integrating storage is illustrated in the present work. Simulation results indicate a strong relationship between hydraulic performance attributes and the specific wind turbine array layout. The beneficial effects of storage can also be observed, particularly in smoothing the output power and rendering it more useable. Finally, the energy yields from 24-hour simulations of the 9-turbine wind farms are calculated. Integrated storage leads to a slight increase in yield since it eliminates bursts of high flow, which induce higher frictional losses in the pipeline network.

Probabilistic Models for Wind Turbine and Wind Farm Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay R. Arwade ◽  
Matthew A. Lackner ◽  
Mircea D. Grigoriu
Keyword(s):  
Markov Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Component Reliability ◽  
Mc Simulation ◽  
Farm Performance

A Markov model for the performance of wind turbines is developed that accounts for component reliability and the effect of wind speed and turbine capacity on component reliability. The model is calibrated to the observed performance of offshore turbines in the north of Europe, and uses wind records obtained from the coast of the state of Maine in the northeast United States in simulation. Simulation results indicate availability of 0.91, with mean residence time in the operating state that is nearly exponential and has a mean of 42 days. Using a power curve typical for a 2.5 MW turbine, the capacity factor is found to be beta distributed and highly non-Gaussian. Noticeable seasonal variation in turbine and farm performance metrics are observed and result from seasonal fluctuations in the characteristics of the wind record. The input parameters to the Markov model, as defined in this paper, are limited to those for which field data are available for calibration. Nevertheless, the framework of the model is readily adaptable to include, for example: site specific conditions; turbine details; wake induced loading effects; component redundancies; and dependencies. An on-off model is introduced as an approximation to the stochastic process describing the operating state of a wind turbine, and from this on-off process an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (O–U) process is developed as a model for the availability of a wind farm. The O–U model agrees well with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of the Markov model and is accepted as a valid approximation. Using the O–U model in design and management of large wind farms will be advantageous because it can provide statistics of wind farm performance without resort to intensive large scale MC simulation.

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