scholarly journals Modeling the Dynamic Response of Plant Growth to Root Zone Temperature in Hydroponic Chili Pepper Plant Using Neural Networks

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Galih Kusuma Aji ◽  
Kenji Hatou ◽  
Tetsuo Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Pepper Plant ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Zone Temperature

One of the essential factors in the root zone environment that affects plant growth is temperature. Determining the optimal root zone temperature condition in a hydroponic system during cultivation could lead to an improvement in plant growth. An optimal control strategy can be determined by identifying the eco-physiological process using a dynamic model. However, it is difficult to develop a dynamic model of the responses of plant growth to root zone temperature because the eco-physiological processes of plants are quite complicated. We propose an intelligent approach that can deal with this complex system. Non-linear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) neural networks were used to develop a dynamic model of the responses of plant growth to root zone temperature. The responses of chili pepper plant growth as affected by root zone temperature were measured during 60 days of cultivation inside a growth chamber using a non-destructive and continuous system based on a load cell. Five datasets of dynamic responses of plant growth were obtained for system identification. The results suggest that the application of a neural network is useful for modeling the dynamic response of plant growth to root zone temperature in hydroponic cultivation, with promising performance.

scholarly journals Root Zone Temperature as Modified by Plastic Mulches Affect the Appearance of First Systemic Symptoms of Tomato Spotted Wilt and Fruit Yield in Tomato

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005E-1006
Author(s):  
Juan C. Diaz-Perez ◽  
Ron Gitaitis ◽  
Bikash Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zone Temperature

Tomato spotted wilt (TSW) is a serious constraint to tomato production in various regions of the world. The effect of TSW on tomato yield is largely influenced by time of infection. Early infection usually results in severe stunting of the seedling and even death of the plant. Plastic mulches have been found to affect both the incidence of TSW, and plant growth and yield of tomato. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of root zone temperature (RZT) as affected by plastic mulch on the timing of appearance of first TSW symptoms, vegetative top fresh weight (FW) and fruit FW in tomato. Under natural TSW infection as well as in artificially inoculated plants, vegetative top FW and fruit FW were both linearly related with number of days after transplanting (DAT) the plants were free from TSW symptoms. The plants grown on black mulch during the fall showed earlier appearance of TSW symptoms, and had significantly reduced vegetative growth and fruit yields. The mean RZT during the first 42 DAT—the time before the plants reached full canopy closure—significantly affected the timing of first appearance of TSW symptoms, tomato plant growth and fruit yield. Vegetative top FW (optimal RZT = 24.1 °C) and fruit FW (26.9 °C) fitted the quadratic relationships with the mean RZT during the first 42 DAT. In conclusion, utilization of plastic mulches that created conditions of RZT stress, particularly heat stress, resulted in reduced plant growth and yield and may predispose the plants to earlier expression of TSW symptoms compared to plants grown under RZTs more favorable to tomato plant growth.

scholarly journals Root Zone Temperature, Plant Growth, and Fruit Yield of Tomatillo as Affected by Plastic Film Mulch

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1312-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Díaz-Pérez ◽  
Sharad C. Phatak ◽  
David Giddings ◽  
Denne Bertrand ◽  
Harry A. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Zone Temperature

Tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem) is a popular crop in Mexico and other Latin American countries. There is an increasing demand for this vegetable in the United States, particularly from the growing Latino population. However, there is limited information about tomatillo production. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of plastic mulches on plant growth, yield, and root zone temperature in two cultivars of tomatillo. The study was conducted in Spring and Summer 2000. The design was a randomized complete block with a split plot arrangement, where plastic film mulch (black, gray, and silver mulches, and bare soil) was the main plot and cultivar (`Toma Verde' and `Verde Puebla]) the subplot. In the spring, mulch treatments had little effect on plant growth during the first 30 days after transplanting and there were no significant differences in fruit yields. In the summer planting, both early growth and fruit yields were greatest with the silver and gray mulch treatments and lowest on bare soil. Plant growth during the establishment was related with subsequent plant growth and yield. In mature plants, vegetative top fresh weight and total fruit yield were higher (P < 0.01) in the spring than in the summer. Total fruit yield (both seasons), marketable yield (spring) and cull yield (spring) were lower in `Toma Verde' than in `Verde Puebla'. Root zone temperatures (RZTs) in the spring (mean = 26.4 °C) were lower than in the summer (mean = 29.3 °C). In both seasons, mean RZT was highest under black mulch and lowest in bare soil. In the summer, plant growth and fruit yields tended to decrease with increasing RZTs. Tomatillo plants grown on mulches with a mean seasonal RZT of 30 °C had fruit yields that were 65% (`Toma Verde') or 50% (`Verde Puebla') lower respectively than those of plants on mulches with a RZT of 27 °C. There were no significant differences in foliar concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, S, B, Zn, Cu and Na among mulches. Foliar concentrations of the majority of mineral nutrients were not related with the mean RZT for the season.

scholarly journals Insulative effect of plastic mulch systems and comparison between the effects of different plant types

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Kayla Snyder ◽  
Christopher Murray ◽  
Bryon Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Root Zone Temperature ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Black Film ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Mulch Film ◽  
Mulch Films ◽  
Zone Temperature

AbstractTo address agricultural needs of the future, a better understanding of plastic mulch film effects on soil temperature and moisture is required. The effects of different plant type and mulch combinations were studied over a 3.5-month period to better grasp the consequence of mulch on root zone temperature (RZT) and moisture. Measurements of (RZT) and soil moisture for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), pepper (Capsicum annuum) and carrot (Daucus carota) grown using polyolefin mulch films (black and white-on-black) were conducted in Ontario using a plot without mulch as a control. Black mulch films used in combination with pepper and carrot plants caused similar RZTs relative to uncovered soil, but black mulch film in combination with tomato plants caused a reduction in RZT relative to soil without mulch that increased as plants grew and provided more shade. White-on-black mulch film used in combination with tomatoes, peppers or carrots led to a reduction in RZT relative to soil without mulch that became greater than the temperature of soil without mulch. This insulative capability was similarly observed for black mulch films used with tomato plants. Apart from white-on-black film used in combination with tomatoes, all mulch film and plant combinations demonstrated an ability to stabilize soil moisture relative to soil without mulch. RZT and soil moisture were generally stabilized with mulch film, but some differences were seen among different plant types.

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