scholarly journals Effect of Season and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Agronomic Traits and Efficiency of Piatã Grass in Brazilian Savanna

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Anderson Zanine ◽  
Lorraine Farias ◽  
Daniele Ferreira ◽  
Lorran Farias ◽  
Marinaldo Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Brazilian Savanna ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Dead Tissue

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the agronomic traits in the pre- and post-grazing and the nitrogen use efficiency of Piatã grass that was subjected to nitrogen fertilization throughout the seasons of the year. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design with four treatments (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg ha−1 N). Grazing was performed with sheep when the forage canopy reached 95% light interception up to 20 cm height of post-grazing. The pre-grazing forage mass of the Piatã grass showed a behavior (p < 0.05) linear to nitrogen fertilization, with higher and lower values in spring and winter, respectively. The post-grazing forage mass responded linearly (p < 0.05) to nitrogen fertilization, with an increase of 43.12% for the dose of 450 kg ha−1 N in relation to pastures without nitrogen fertilization. When the non-fertilized pasture was compared with the highest nitrogen dose, a reduction of 21.79% dead tissue was observed in the post-grazing forage mass. The highest nitrogen use efficiency was obtained with the dose of 450 kg ha−1 N. The forage mass production of the Piatã grass in the pre- and post-grazing conditions are positively influenced by nitrogen fertilization and the seasons of the year, with lower values in winter.

scholarly journals 385 Feed efficiency of beef cattle in low-protein diets is driven by nitrogen use efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 158-158
Author(s):  
Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa ◽  
Peter Carmona ◽  
Lais Lima ◽  
Brandon Fraser ◽  
Luis Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Total N ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Protein Diets

Abstract Performance of cattle in rangeland systems is driven by the ability to efficiently use nutrients during periods of restricted availability. Thirty Bos indicus steers (398 ± 24 kg BW) were used to evaluate the relationship between feed efficiency (FE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The hypothesis was that FE would be related to NUE in protein restricted diets, but not in high-protein diets. Steers used in a completely randomized block design were classified by residual gain in low (LFE), medium (MFE) and highly feed efficient (HFE), after being fed for periods of 70 days with diets supplying either 70% (LP) or 100% (HP) of their rumen degradable protein requirements. After each 70-day period, animals were adapted to metabolism crates for two days, and NUE was measured for five days. About 10% of daily faecal and urine output of each animal was collected for N analysis. Results of N intake from LFE, MFE and HFE in the LP diet were 21.6, 21.2 and 22.2 g N/100 kg BW (P = 0.63), while the total N excretion was 20.3, 18.0 and 19.0 g N/100 kg BW (P = 0.45) for LFE, MFE and HFE, respectively. NUE values were 11.1, 26.9 and 28.0 g retained N/100 g of digested N (P = 0.04). In the HP diet, N intake was 31.6, 30.8 and 26.8 g/100 kg BW (P = 0.12) for LFE, MFE, and HFE, respectively. Total N excretion was 26.9, 28.8 and 27.5 g N/100 kg BW (P = 0.83), respectively. NUE in the HP diet was 21.0, 5.2 and -6.3 g retained N/100 g of digested N (P = 0.04). These results support the hypothesis that FE is dependent on NUE in protein restricted diets; whereas when evaluated in protein abundant diets, FE is not related to NUE.

scholarly journals Agricultural answers and chemical composition of Massai grass under different nitrogen doses and urea sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Aline Barros da Silva ◽  
Carlos Augusto Brandão de Carvalho ◽  
Danilo Antonio Morenz ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Alex Junio dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

Under the hypothesis that modifying nitrogen sources and doses could increase nitrogen fertilization efficiency and productivity and improve forage quality, this study aimed to evaluate the morphological composition, structural characteristics and chemical composition of Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage cultivated under different urea sources (common and coated with Policote®) and nitrogen doses (200, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 year-1) during the autumn, winter and spring of 2014 and the summer and autumn of 2015. The experiment was carried out in Seropédica, RJ, under a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1 with four replications. High nitrogen rates promoted higher percentages of leaf blade dry mass and lower percentages of dead material dry mass in the forage mass and provided higher tiller population density and forage accumulation rate of Massai grass during the studied seasons. The use of coated urea promoted higher levels of crude protein in the forage than did the use of common urea in all seasons. The intensification of nitrogen fertilization reduced the nitrogen use efficiency but benefitted the structural characteristics, forage accumulation and chemical composition of Massai grass forage. The use of coated urea promoted greater of nitrogen use efficiency during all seasons of the year.

scholarly journals GROWTH RESPONSE AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF PALM OIL VARIETY ON N FERTILIZING IN PRE NURSERY

Agric ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Wilda Lumban Tobing ◽  
Chairani Hanum ◽  
Edy Sigit Sutarta
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Use Efficiency

Oil palm plantation expansion in Indonesia continue to increase year by year. Several varieties of oil palm have been produced but not much information about the growth characteristics. Urea as nitrogen fertilizer has become a staple for the cultivation cycle of oil palm. The determination of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) on palm oil varieties can be used to find out N requirement of each plant according to their needs. This research was aimed to analyze the growth response and NUE of palm oil varieties to fertilizer N at pre nursery. It was conducted in nursery area at Yos Sudarso Binjai Street and Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit, Medan from November 2016 until March 2017 using Completely Randomized Block Design followed by Scott Knott test at α = 5%. There were 35 treatment combinations that used seven varieties of Dura x Pisifera Medan Palm Oil Research Center (AVROS, Simalungun, PPKS 540, Yangambi, PPKS 718, PPKS 239, and Langkat) with N consisting of 5 levels (0 ; 0,5 g ; 1 g; 1.5 g and 2 g). The results showed that the application of N fertilizer influence significant effect on the growth of stem circumference and the number of leaves. The highest of nitrogen use efficiency is found in Simalungun varieties with N application of 1,5 g/plant.

scholarly journals Nitrogen use efficiency in modern wheat cultivars

Bragantia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Henrique Todeschini ◽  
Anderson Simionato Milioli ◽  
Diego Maciel Trevizan ◽  
Elesandro Bornhofen ◽  
Taciane Finatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Modern Wheat ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is defined as the capacity of a given genotype in take advantage of the applied nitrogen (N) and transform it in biomass and grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate 12 wheat cultivars as to the NUE and its components. The experiment was conducted in a controlled environment, in a randomized block design with three replications. Twelve wheat cultivars were submitted to four N supply levels (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg of N∙ha–1). The data were submitted to analysis of variance, means multiple comparison, polynomial regression, and path analysis. The nitrogen remobilization efficiency (NRE) was the main NUE component of the evaluated cultivars, in both low and high conditions of nitrogen fertilization. In the cultivars average, the nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) presented reduction tendency as the N supply was increased, tending to stabilization at the dose of 231 kg of N∙ha–1. The wheat cultivars Mirante, TBIO Itaipu, BRS Parrudo, and TBIO Iguaçu were the most efficient on the N use, and the first two were also efficient in remobilizing the N from the phytomass to the grains.

Tillage and nitrogen fertilization effects on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated cotton

2013 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Devkota ◽  
C. Martius ◽  
J.P.A. Lamers ◽  
K.D. Sayre ◽  
K.P. Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilization Effects

scholarly journals Timing and rate of nitrogen fertilization influence maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0233674
Author(s):  
Benjamin Davies ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽  
Paulo H. Pagliari
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Physiological Basis of Heterosis for Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Maize

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Bao-Luo Ma ◽  
Xiaofang Yu ◽  
Julin Gao ◽  
Jiying Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Nitrogen Inputs ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractEfficient use of nitrogen inputs for concurrent improvements in grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has been recognized as a viable strategy for sustainable agriculture development. Yet, there is little research on the possible physiological basis of maize hybrid heterosis for NUE and measurable traits that are corresponding to the NUE heterosis. A field study was conducted for two years to evaluate the heterosis for NUE and determine the relationship between NUE and its physiological components. Two commercial hybrids, ‘Xianyu335’ and ‘Zhengdan958’, and their parental inbred lines, were grown at 0 (0 N) and 150 kg N ha−1 (150 N), in a randomized complete block design with four replications each year. Compared to their parental lines, both hybrids displayed a significant heterosis, up to 466%, for NUE. N internal efficiency (NIE) accounted for 52% of the variation in heterosis for NUE, while there was generally negligible heterosis for nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE). Heterosis for NIE and thereby for NUE in maize was ascribed to (i) an earlier establishment of pre-anthesis source for N accumulation, which phenotypically exhibited as a faster leaf appearance rate with higher maximum LAI and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency; (ii) a larger amount of N being remobilized from the vegetative tissues, especially from leaves, during the grain filling. Phenotypically, there was notably a rapid reduction in post-anthesis specific weights of leaf and stalk, but with maintained functionally stay-green ear leaves; and (iii) a higher productive efficiency per unit grain N, which was characterized by a reduced grain N concentration and enhanced sink strength.

scholarly journals Effect of splitting nitrogen fertilization on Tifton 85: Yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen nutritional status of plants and soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 1154-1162
Author(s):  
Simioni Assmann Tangriani ◽  
Tanise Sonego Etiane ◽  
Luiz Assmann Alceu ◽  
Fernando Adami Paulo ◽  
Cuzzi Claucia
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency
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