scholarly journals Inheritance and Expressivity of Neoplasm Trait in Crosses between the Domestic Pea (Pisum sativum subsp. sativum) and Tall Wild Pea (Pisum sativum subsp. elatius)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Sari ◽  
Duygu Sari ◽  
Tuba Eker ◽  
Bilal Aydinoglu ◽  
Huseyin Canci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Natural Infestation ◽  
Bruchus Pisorum

The Neoplasm trait in pea pods is reported to be due to the lack of ultraviolet (UV) light in glasshouse conditions or in response to pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum L.) damage. This pod deformation arises from the growth of non-meristematic tissue on pods of domesticated peas (Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum). Neither expressivity, nor the effect of pea weevil on neoplasm in the tall wild pea (P. sativum L. subsp. elatius (M. Bieb.) Asch. & Graebn.), have been adequately studied. We aimed to study the expression and inheritance of neoplasm in the tall wild pea and crosses between domesticated and tall wild peas grown in the glasshouse (without pea weevils) and in the field (with pea weevils) under natural infestation conditions. Neoplasm was found in all pods in tall wild peas when grown in the glasshouse, while it was not detected on pods of field-grown plants despite heavy pea weevil damage. In inter-subspecific crosses between P. sativum subsp. sativum and P. sativum subsp. elatius, all F1 plants had neoplastic pods, and the F2 populations segregated in a good fit ratio of 3 (neoplasm): 1 (free from neoplasm) under glasshouse conditions, which suggests that neoplasm on pods of the tall wild pea was controlled by a single dominant gene. Expressivity of neoplasm in the progeny differed from parent to parent used in inter-subspecific crosses. There was no relationship between neoplasm and damage by pea weevil under heavy insect epidemics under field conditions. The neoplasm occurring under glasshouse conditions may be due to one or to a combination of environmental factors. Since wild peas are useful genetic resources for breeding programs aiming at fresh pea production that could be utilized under glasshouse conditions, negative selection could be considered in segregating populations.

scholarly journals Bean [alpha]-Amylase Inhibitor Confers Resistance to the Pea Weevil (Bruchus pisorum) in Transgenic Peas (Pisum sativum L.)

1995 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 1233-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Schroeder ◽  
S. Gollasch ◽  
A. Moore ◽  
L. M. Tabe ◽  
S. Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Alpha Amylase Inhibitor ◽  
Bruchus Pisorum ◽  
Transgenic Peas

Screening the primary gene pool of field pea (Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum) in Ethiopia for resistance against pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Teshome ◽  
Esayas Mendesil ◽  
Mulatu Geleta ◽  
Derege Andargie ◽  
Peter Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Primary Gene Pool ◽  
Primary Gene ◽  
Bruchus Pisorum

scholarly journals Characterization of Low-Strigolactone Germplasm in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Resistant to Crenate Broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 743-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pavan ◽  
Adalgisa Schiavulli ◽  
Angelo Raffaele Marcotrigiano ◽  
Nicoletta Bardaro ◽  
Valentina Bracuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) is a devastating parasitic weed threatening the cultivation of legumes around the Mediterranean and in the Middle East. So far, only moderate levels of resistance were reported to occur in pea (Pisum sativum L.) natural germplasm, and most commercial cultivars are prone to severe infestation. Here, we describe the selection of a pea line highly resistant to O. crenata, following the screening of local genetic resources. Time series observations show that delayed emergence of the parasite is an important parameter associated with broomrape resistance. High performance liquid chromatography connected to tandem mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro broomrape germination bioassays suggest that the resistance mechanism might involve the reduced secretion of strigolactones, plant hormones exuded by roots and acting as signaling molecules for the germination of parasitic weeds. Two years of replicated trials in noninfested fields indicate that the resistance is devoid of pleiotropic effects on yield, in contrast to pea experimental mutants impaired in strigolactone biosynthesis and, thus, is suitable for use in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Source Material For Breeding Of Cultivars With High Symbiotic Potential And Choice Of Criteria For Its Evaluation

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Y Shtark ◽  
Tanyana N Danilova ◽  
Tatiana S Naumkina ◽  
Angrei G Vasilchikov ◽  
Vladimir K Chebotar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Legume Breeding ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Criteria For Evaluation

Double inoculation with arbuscular mycorhizal fungi and nodule bacteria was shown to increase seed productivity and plant dry weight in most of pea genotypes studied. Sometimes it can exceed the effect of mineral fertilizers.Seed productivity and plant dry weight were chosen as main criteria for evaluation of symbiosis effectiveness of legume crops. Expediency of legume breeding to improve symbiotic potential of legume varieties was proven and the genotypes to be used in such breeding programs were identified.

scholarly journals Genetic and Phenotypic Assessment of Garden Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Slavka Kalapchieva ◽  
Valentin Kosev ◽  
Viliana Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Coefficient Of Genetic Variation ◽  
Number Of Branches

The field trial was conducted during the growing season 2017-2019 in the experimental fields of the Maritsa Vegetable Crop Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The study used 10 samples of garden peas (Pisum sativum L). for measurement. Plant tall (?m), height to first fertile node (?m), length of internode (cm), number of tillers, number of branches, number of ineffective nodes, total number of nodes, total number of pods per plant, one pod per fruiting handle, two pods per fruiting handle, pod length (?m), pod width (?m), pod weight per plant, weight of green grains per plant (g), % filled grains, % unfilled grains, average number of grains per pod were assessed. Analysis variance showed significant differences between the genotypes of garden peas in all the traits studied. A lower level of the genetic variance was found compared to the phenotypic one by the number of branches, total number of nodes and one pod per fruiting handle. The coefficient of genetic variation is higher than the phenotypic one for most of the traits and ranged from 5.51-5.82% for pod width and total number of nodes to 56.98-59.09% for number of branches and % unfilled grains. For signs of plant tall (98.32% and 129.31%), height to first fertile node (91.22% and 29.32%), weight of pods per plant (86.83%, 29.32), weight of green grains per plant (83.7%, 11.89%) and % filled grains (77.81% and 24.96%). It was found high inheritance combined with high genetic progress. This is a prerequisite for increasing the biological potential on these traits and a real opportunity to create new forms of garden peas possessing such qualities. The best genotypes were found GEN 1 (22/16-n.), GEN 6 (Marsy-n.), GEN 4 (Plovdiv-n.) and GEN 9 (1/17-n.). They may be used in new breeding programs and hybrid lines may be entered in competitive variety lists.

scholarly journals Gen dan QTL Pengendali Toleransi Tanaman terhadap Keracunan Aluminium dan Aplikasinya untuk Pemuliaan Tanaman di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
I Made Tasma
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genomic Technologies

<p>Genetic knowledge of loci controlling Al toxicity tolerance is the key for a successful breeding program in developing Al<br />tolerant cultivars. Tolerance level of crop plants to Al toxicity is genetically controlled. The gene inheritance pattern is mainly<br />resulted from intensive studies of cereal crops, such as wheat, sorghum, maize, and rice. The trait can be controlled by a<br />single dominant gene, a single dominant gene with many alleles, a pair of dominant genes, or by many genes (QTL). The<br />majority of the Al tolerance genes identified so far belongs to two independent groups of gene families, i.e. aluminumactivated<br />malate transporter (ALMT) and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), both encoding transport proteins<br />involved in Al-activated organic acid release, mainly citrate and malate. The variations in Al toxicity tolerance phenotypes are<br />strongly correlated with the expressions of such genes in the root apical cells. Many Al tolerance QTLs have been mapped in<br />the genomes of various crop species and were found to be colocated with the ALMT and MATE genes. The genetic maps of<br />the Al tolerance genes and QTLs facilitate breeding programs for developing Al-tolerant cultivars through marker-assisted<br />breeding methods. Al tolerance genes that have been isolated from genetically unrelated species can be used in genetic<br />transformation studies of crop genotypes sexually incompatible to the gene source genotypes. The application of these<br />molecular breeding methods expedites breeding programs to develop crop cultivars tolerance to Al toxicity and acid soils.<br />Genomic technologies by using next-generation sequencing and high-throughput genotyping system accelerate Al toxicity<br />tolerance gene and QTL discoveries of various crop species. The modern genomic technologies also facilitate more<br />comprehensive PGR characterization and utilization to accelerate identification and isolation of the Al tolerance genes and<br />QTLs to be used in a more comprehensive breeding program to support national food self sufficiency and food security<br />programs.</p>

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