Elucidation of the Characteristics of Soil Sickness Syndrome in Japanese Pear and Construction of Countermeasures Using the Rhizosphere Soil Assay Method

The continuous planting of Japanese pear leads to a soil sickness syndrome that eventually affects the growth and yield of the plant. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics of soil sickness syndrome in the Japanese pear and construct countermeasures using the rhizosphere soil assay method that can quantify the risk of soil sickness syndrome by inhibitory chemicals. Water flushing treatment, rainfall treatment, and the incorporation of test soils with different rates of activated carbon were evaluated on the risks of soil sickness. The water flushing treatment under laboratory conditions and exposure of the continuous cropping soil to rainfall in the open field decreased the inhibition rate of the soil. The decrease in soil inhibition rate was presumed to be the result of accumulated growth inhibitory substances in the soil being washed away by water. In addition, activated carbon with the potential to reduce the soil sickness syndrome was selected using the rhizosphere soil assay method. It was clarified that the mixing of the selected activated carbon with the continuous cropping soil reduced the inhibition rate and increased the growth of pear trees increased compared to the untreated soil from the continuous cropping field. The inhibition rate of the soil from the continuous cropping field was reduced to the level of soil with no history of Japanese pear cultivation. In the replanted field, these treatments can promote the growth of trees by reducing the influence of soil sickness syndrome.

Download Full-text

The Rhizosphere Soil Assay Method to Evaluate the Risk of Soil Sickness Syndrome for Japanese Pear

Horticultural Research (Japan) ◽

10.2503/hrj.19.21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Tomoaki Toya ◽

Yoshiharu Fujii ◽

Takeshi Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Japanese Pear ◽

Assay Method ◽

Soil Sickness

Download Full-text

Effects of Different Continuous Cropping Years on Bacterial Community and Diversity of Cucumber Rhizosphere Soil in Solar-Greenhouse

Current Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s00284-021-02485-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Li ◽

Jingliang Chi ◽

Jing Ao ◽

Xiaomei Gao ◽

Xiaohui Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Continuous Cropping ◽

Solar Greenhouse

Download Full-text

Analysis on Fungal Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Continuous Cropping Potato Subjected to Different Furrow-Ridge Mulching Managements

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2017.00845 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Shuhao Qin ◽

Stephen Yeboah ◽

Xuexue Xu ◽

Yuhui Liu ◽

Bin Yu

Keyword(s):

Fungal Diversity ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Continuous Cropping

Download Full-text

Continuous monocropping highly affect the composition and diversity of microbial communities in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49412532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 12532

Author(s):

Ali I. MALLANO ◽

Xianli ZHAO ◽

Yanling SUN ◽

Guangpin JIANG ◽

Huang CHAO

Keyword(s):

Microbial Communities ◽

Management Practices ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Continuous Cropping ◽

Bacterial Phyla ◽

Soil Microbial

Continuous cropping systems are the leading cause of decreased soil biological environments in terms of unstable microbial population and diversity index. Nonetheless, their responses to consecutive peanut monocropping cycles have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the structure and abundance of microbial communities were characterized using pyrosequencing-based approach in peanut monocropping cycles for three consecutive years. The results showed that continuous peanut cultivation led to a substantial decrease in soil microbial abundance and diversity from initial cropping cycle (T1) to later cropping cycle (T3). Peanut rhizosphere soil had Actinobacteria, Protobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes as the major bacterial phyla. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota were the major fungal phylum, while Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota were the most dominant phyla of archaea. Several bacterial, fungal and archaeal taxa were significantly changed in abundance under continuous peanut cultivation. Bacterial orders, Actinomycetales, Rhodospirillales and Sphingomonadales showed decreasing trends from T1>T2>T3. While, pathogenic fungi Phoma was increased and beneficial fungal taxa Glomeraceae decreased under continuous monocropping. Moreover, Archaeal order Nitrososphaerales observed less abundant in first two cycles (T1&T2), however, it increased in third cycle (T3), whereas, Thermoplasmata exhibit decreased trends throughout consecutive monocropping. Taken together, we have shown the taxonomic profiles of peanut rhizosphere communities that were affected by continuous peanut monocropping. The results obtained from this study pave ways towards a better understanding of the peanut rhizosphere soil microbial communities in response to continuous cropping cycles, which could be used as bioindicator to monitor soil quality, plant health and land management practices.

Download Full-text

Effects of continuous cropping of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. on soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial communities and functional genes

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ◽

10.1186/s40538-021-00243-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuan Zhao ◽

Xiao–Meng Qin ◽

Xue–Ping Tian ◽

Tao Yang ◽

Rong Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Functional Genes ◽

Continuous Cropping ◽

Pinellia Ternata

Abstract Background Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. is a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, and the main raw material of various Chinese patent medicines. Continuous cropping obstacle (CCO) is the main factor leading to the decline of crop yields and quality. Methods Metagenomics sequencing technology was used to analyze the microbial community and functional genes of continuous cropping (CC) and control (CK) soils of P. ternata. In addition, differences in physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial community composition and the abundance of functional genes in CC and CK were evaluated, as well as the relationship between these factors and CCO. Results Results indicated that CC of P. ternata led to the decline of rhizosphere soil pH, nutrient imbalance and enzyme activity reduction. Metagenomic analysis indicted that CC also changed the composition of the microbial community, causing an increase in the relative abundance of pathogenic microorganisms such as Fusarium, Klebsiella oxytoca and Pectobacterium carotovorum in the P. ternata rhizosphere. The relative abundance of potentially beneficial Burkholderia and Bradyrhizobium was recorded to decrease. Results also showed that there were considerable differences in CC and CK about the abundances of functional genes related to soil enzymes and the degradation of P. ternata allelochemicals, as well as the microbial groups which they belong. These results clarified the effects of CC on the microbial community structure and functional genes of soil. In addition, Burkholderia and Bradyrhizobium might play important roles in enhancing soil fertility and reducing the toxicity of phenolic acids in rhizosphere soil. Conclusions CC of P. ternata changed the physicochemical properties, microbial community and functional genes of rhizosphere soil. Burkholderia and Bradyrhizobium for enhancing soil fertility and reducing the toxicity of phenolic acids might be potentially beneficial. These results provide theoretical guidance for bioremediation of CCO soil of P. ternata and other staple crops. Graphic abstract

Download Full-text

Influence of Bio Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Parameters of Tomato Plants

Proceedings International ◽

10.33263/proceedings21.075075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Keyword(s):

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

The Other ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Powder Form ◽

Nutritional Properties ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Yield Parameters ◽

Agriculture Industry ◽

Fruit Powder

Tomato is a major food that has many benefits to human health. The risk of getting disorders such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes can be reduced by consuming tomato. The aim of this study is to measure the nutritional properties of tomato plants using various cultivation methods. On the other hand, this is also comparing which type of fertilizer, either chemical fertilizer or natural fertilizer, is producing better results in planting tomato. Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is isolated from the rhizosphere soil using the Pikovskaya medium and Modified Aleksandrow medium. Instead of chemical fertilizer, the efficiency of phosphate solubilize will be evaluated in the presence of eggshells and bones. This study starts with the collection of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil for tomato planting. The land of cultivation for planting well estimated for the growth of tomato. For further investigation, the leaves and fruits obtained from the tomato plants will be dried and ground into powder form. The leaf is used for the estimation of chlorophyll. In contrast, the fruit powder is used for the analysis of antioxidant activity. The result showed that the growth and yield parameters of the plant increases with natural fertilizer compare to chemical fertilizer. This can be concluded that natural fertilizers are more preferable in the agriculture industry as they are environmentally friendly, which does not produce side effects in either the soils or the crops.

Download Full-text