scholarly journals Variations in HIF-1α Contributed to High Altitude Hypoxia Adaptation via Affected Oxygen Metabolism in Tibetan Sheep

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhao ◽  
Zhaohua He ◽  
Qiming Xi ◽  
Hongxian Sun ◽  
Yuzhu Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
High Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Hu Sheep

The Tibetan sheep is an indigenous species of the Tibetan plateau and has been well adapted to high-altitude hypoxia. In comparison to lowland sheep breeds, the blood gas indicators have changed and the HIFs signaling pathway is activated in Tibetan sheep. These phenotypic and genetic alterations in Tibetan sheep are thought to be an important basis for adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia and variation in genes encoding the subunits that make up HIFs, such as HIF-1α can affect blood gas indicators. In this study, exons 9, 10, 12 of the HIF-1α gene were sequenced to find variations and 3 SNPs were detected, and these 3 SNPs were genotyped by KASP in 341 Hu sheep and 391 Tibetan sheep. In addition, 197 Hu sheep, 160 Tibetan sheep and 12 Gansu alpine merino sheep were used for blood gas indicators analysis. The results showed significant differences between the blood gas indicators of high-altitude breeds (Tibetan sheep and Gansu alpine merino sheep) and low-altitude breeds (Hu sheep), implying that the differences in blood gas indicators are mainly caused by differences in altitude. The haplotype combinations H2H3 and H1H3 were more frequent in the Tibetan sheep population, H2H3 increases O2 carrying capacity by increasing hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations; H1H3 makes O2 dissociate more readily from oxyhemoglobin by decreasing partial pressure of oxygen and oxygen saturation. These results suggest that variants at the HIF-1α promote the ability of oxygen utilization in Tibetan sheep, which may underpin the survival and reproduction of Tibetan sheep on the Tibetan plateau.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Expression Provides Insights into Adaptation to Hypoxia in Tibetan Sheep

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbin Liu ◽  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Zengkui Lu ◽  
Deqing Zhuoga ◽  
Tingting Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
High Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Hu Sheep

Abstract Background: Tibetan sheep have lived on the Tibetan Plateau for thousands of years and they have a good adaptability to the hypoxic environment and strong disease resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of the Tibetan sheep adapting to this extreme environment, especially the role of genetic regulation is still unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulation of a diverse range of biological processes. To explore the potential lncRNAs involved in Tibetan sheep adapting to high altitude hypoxia environment, we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in liver and lung tissue of sheep based on the comparative transcriptome analysis between four Tibetan sheep populations (high altitude) and Hu sheep (low altitude). Results: A total of 7848 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs transcripts and 22971 DE mRNAs transcripts were detected by pairwise comparison. The expression patterns of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR and the results correlated well with the transcriptome data. Moreover, the functional annotation analysis based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases showed that DE mRNAs and the target genes of the lncRNAs were significantly enriched in organ morphogenesis, response to stimulus, heme binding, immune system, arginine and proline metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. The prediction of mRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-mRNA interaction networks further revealed transcripts potentially involved in adaptation to high altitude hypoxia, the hub genes that DDX24, PDCD11, EIF4A3, NDUFA11, SART1, PRPF8 and TCONS_00306477, TCONS_00306029, TCONS_00139593, TCONS_00293272, TCONS_00313398 were selected. Additionally, a set of target genes, PIK3R1, IGF1R, FZD6, IFNB2, ATF3, MB, CYP2B4, PSMD13, and TGFB1 were also identified as candidate genes associated with high altitude hypoxia adaptation. Conclusions: A collection of aberrantly expressed lncRNA, a set of target genes and biological pathways known to be relevant for altitude adaptation were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis between Tibetan sheep and Hu sheep. Our results first identified the characterization and expression profile of lncRNAs between Tibetan sheep and Hu sheep and provides insights into the genetic regulation mechanisms for Tibetan sheep adaptation to high altitude hypoxia environments.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Expression Provides Insights Into Adaptation to Hypoxia in Tibetan Sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Wang ◽  
Jianbin Liu ◽  
Qiaoying Zeng ◽  
Deqing Zhuoga
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
High Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
Tibetan Sheep ◽  
Hu Sheep

Abstract Tibetan sheep have lived on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for thousands of years and they have a good adaptability to the hypoxic environment and strong disease resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of the Tibetan sheep adapting to this extreme environment, especially the role of genetic regulation is still unknown. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulation of a diverse range of biological processes. To explore the potential lncRNAs involved in Tibetan sheep adapting to high altitude hypoxia environment, we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in liver and lung tissue of sheep based on the comparative transcriptome analysis between four Tibetan sheep populations (high altitude) and Hu sheep (low altitude). The results showed a total of 7848 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs transcripts and 22971 DE mRNAs transcripts were detected by pairwise comparison. The expression patterns of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR and the results correlated well with the transcriptome data. Moreover, the functional annotation analysis based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases showed that DE mRNAs and the target genes of the lncRNAs were significantly enriched in organ morphogenesis, response to stimulus, heme binding, immune system, arginine and proline metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. The prediction of mRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-mRNA interaction networks further revealed transcripts potentially involved in adaptation to high altitude hypoxia, the hub genes that DDX24, PDCD11, EIF4A3, NDUFA11, SART1, PRPF8 and TCONS_00306477, TCONS_00306029, TCONS_00139593, TCONS_00293272, TCONS_00313398 were selected. Additionally, a set of target genes, PIK3R1, IGF1R, FZD6, IFNB2, ATF3, MB, CYP2B4, PSMD13, and TGFB1 were also identified as candidate genes associated with high altitude hypoxia adaptation. In conclusion, a collection of aberrantly expressed lncRNA, a set of target genes and biological pathways known to be relevant for altitude adaptation were identified by comparative transcriptome analysis between Tibetan sheep and Hu sheep. Our results first identified the characterization and expression profile of lncRNAs between Tibetan sheep and Hu sheep and provides insights into the genetic regulation mechanisms for Tibetan sheep adaptation to high altitude hypoxia environments.

scholarly journals Integrative plasma proteomic and microRNA analysis of Jersey cattle in response to high-altitude hypoxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 4606-4618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Kong ◽  
Chuanshe Zhou ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Jinzhen Jiao ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
Jersey Cattle ◽  
High Altitude Hypoxia

scholarly journals Condensing Life Substances within the House: The Rice-Boiling Shuhi of Southwest China

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Hsu ◽  
Franz K. Huber ◽  
Caroline S. Weckerle
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Fault Line

AbstractThe Shuhi of Muli County, Sichuan Province, are one of multiple ethnic groups inhabiting the river gorges of the Qinghai-Gansu-Sichuan corridor between the Tibetan plateau and the Chinese lowlands. The Shuhi have grown paddy rice since times immemorial at an unusually high altitude (ca. 2,300 m above sea level). This article aims to explain this conundrum not merely through the ecology (as is common among Tibetan area specialists), but by researching the cultivation and consumption of rice as a historically-evolved cultural practice. According to a recently formulated agro-archaeological hypothesis regarding the macro-region of Eurasia, it is possible to identify two supra-regional culture complexes distinguished by their respective culinary technologies: rice-boiling versus wheat-grinding-and-baking. The hypothesis posits that the fault line between the two supra-regional cultural complexes is precisely along this river gorges corridor. In this article we provide support for this hypothesis arguing that Shuhi ritual and kinship practices have much affinity with those of other rice-boiling peoples in Southeast Asia, whereas certain of their current religious practices are shared with the wheat-grinding Tibetans.

Seeding drug discovery: telomeric tankyrase as a pharmacological target for the pathophysiology of high-altitude hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjula Miglani ◽  
Qadar Pasha ◽  
Archana Gupta ◽  
Anjali Priyadarshini ◽  
Ramendra Pati Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
High Altitude Hypoxia ◽  
Pharmacological Target
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