bos grunniens
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2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
R. Misrianti ◽  
S.H. Wijaya ◽  
C. Sumantri ◽  
J. Jakaria

Mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) as a source of genetic information based on the maternal genome, can provide important information for phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary biology. The objective of this study was to analyze the phylogenetic tree of Bali cattle with seven gene bank references (Bos indicus, Bos taurus, Bos frontalis, and Bos grunniens) based on partial sequence 16S rRNA mitochondria DNA. The Bayesian phylogenetic tree was constructed using BEAST 2.4. and visualization in Figtree 1.4.4 (tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/). The best model of evolution was carried out using jModelTest 2.1.7. The most optimal was the evolutionary models GTR + I + G with p-inv (I) 0,1990 and gamma shape 0.1960. The main result indicated that the Bali cattle were grouped into Bos javanicus. Phylogenetic analysis also successfully classifying Bos javanicus, Bos indicus, Bos taurus, Bos frontalis and Bos grunniens. These results will complete information about Bali cattle and useful for the preservation and conservation strategies of Indonesian animal genetic resources.


2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Qingsong Sun ◽  
Zhonghua Su ◽  
Qudrat Ullah ◽  
Weixia Yang ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongcai He ◽  
Wangkai Chen ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
Yaoping Wei ◽  
Ruishan Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Anaplasma, Babesia and Theileria are tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) that affect livestock worldwide. However, information on these pathogens in yaks (Bos grunniens) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), China, is limited. In this study, Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. infections were assessed in yaks and Tibetan sheep from Qinghai Province. Methods A total of 734 blood samples were collected from 425 yaks and 309 Tibetan sheep at nine sampling sites. Standard or nested polymerase chain reaction was employed to screen all the blood samples using species- or genus-specific primers. Results The results showed that 14.1% (60/425) of yaks and 79.9% (247/309) of Tibetan sheep were infected with at least one pathogen. Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia bovis and Theileria spp. were detected in this study, with total infection rates for all the assessed animals of 22.1% (162/734), 16.3% (120/734), 23.6% (173/734), 8.2% (60/734), 2.7% (20/734) and 19.3% (142/734), respectively. For yaks, the infection rate of A. bovis was 6.4% (27/425), that of B. bovis was 4.7% (20/425) and that of Theileria spp. was 3.3% (14/425). Moreover, 52.4% (162/309) of the Tibetan sheep samples were infected with A. ovis, 30.1% (93/309) with A. bovis, 56.0% (173/309) with A. capra, 19.4% (60/309) with A. phagocytophilum and 41.4% (128/309) with Theileria spp. Conclusions This study revealed the prevalence of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in yaks and Tibetan sheep in Qinghai Province, China, and provides new data for a better understanding of the epidemiology of TBPs in these animals in this area of the QTP, China. Graphical Abstract


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3426-3428
Author(s):  
Wenwen Ren ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Renqing Dingkao ◽  
Chun Huang ◽  
Xingdong Wang ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Hong-Li Geng ◽  
Hong-Bo Ni ◽  
Jing-Hao Li ◽  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  

Cryptosporidium spp., the causative agent of cryptosporidiosis, can infect a variety of hosts. So far, there has been limited information regarding Cryptosporidium spp. infection in yaks (Bos grunniens). Here, we performed the first systematic review and meta-analysis for Cryptosporidium spp. infection in yaks in China. To perform the meta-analysis, five databases (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Chinese journal database, WanFang Data, PubMed, and ScienceDirect) were employed to search for studies related to the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in yaks in China. The total number of samples was 8,212, and the pooled Cryptosporidium spp. prevalence in yaks was estimated to be 10.52% (1192/8012). The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in yaks was 13.54% (1029/5277) and 4.49% (148/2132) in northwestern and southwestern China, respectively. In the sampling year subgroups, the prevalence before 2012 (19.79%; 650/2662) was significantly higher than that after 2012 (6.07%; 437/4476). The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in cold seasons (20.55%; 188/794) was higher than that in warm seasons (4.83%; 41/1228). In the age subgroup, the yaks with age < 12 months had a higher prevalence (19.47%; 231/1761) than that in yaks with age ≥12 months (16.63%; 365/2268). Among 12 Cryptosporidium spp. species/genotypes, the C. bovis had the highest prevalence. Moreover, the effects of geography (latitude, longitude, precipitation, temperature, and altitude) and climate on Cryptosporidium spp. infection in yaks were evaluated. Through analyzing the risk factors correlated with the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp., we recommend that effective management measures should be formulated according to the differences of different geographical factors, in order to prevent cryptosporidiosis and reduce economic losses in yaks in China.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 139-139
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W Lehmkuhler ◽  
Gregory Dike ◽  
Mary McCarty ◽  
Benjamin Crites

Abstract Bos grunniens (yak) have been utilized as a source of fiber, milk, dung, meat and transportation in the high-altitude regions of Asia for centuries. Limited research has been conducted on the species in North America. The objective of this on-farm research was to evaluate the effect of hay type on growth rate of growing yaks. Forages evaluated included alfalfa (A), orchardgrass-red clover (O) and a cool-season pasture grass species mixture (P). The experimental design was a partially balanced 3x3 Latin square with an extra pen. Yaks were stratified to pens by age and sex resulting in a pen of mixed sex (3 males/2 females) recently weaned calves, a pen of five yearling females, and two pens of five yearling males. Each period lasted for 45 days and animal weights were collected at the beginning and end to assess weight change and daily gain. Hay offered was weighed and feeding losses were visually estimated to determine hay DM disappearance. Forage samples were collected and analyzed for nutrient content. Data were analyzed using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS. No carryover effects were noted and means were separated using Tukey’s multiple comparison test where α=0.10. Forage type had a significant impact on period weight change of growing yaks during the winter with O having greater weight gain (9.5 kg) than P (-4.7 kg) with A being intermediate (8.5 kg). Forage DM disappearance when expressed as percent of body weight was greater for A (2.70) compared to P (2.25) while O (2.28) was not different from either. Forage type and quality can impact weight gain and forage disappearance during the winter months for growing yaks with higher quality forage providing greater weight gain.


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