scholarly journals Paraoxonase 1 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
Kazuhiko Kotani ◽  
Alejandro Gugliucci
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Paraoxonase Activity ◽  
Severe Copd

Oxidative stress is a driving factor in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme and a potential biomarker of this disease, data regarding the status of PON-1 in COPD are inconclusive. In this regard, to shed light on this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of data on PON1 activity in COPD. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL) were searched for available studies on PON1 activity in patients with stable COPD published before October 2021. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models. Twelve studies (12 studies on paraoxonase and three on arylesterase) were identified. Patients with COPD had lower levels of paraoxonase activity (standard mean difference [SMD] −0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.35 to −0.18) and arylesterase activity (SMD −1.15, 95% CI −1.95 to −0.36) in comparison to healthy controls. In subgroup analyses, paraoxonase activity was lower in patients of studies as consisted of mainly non-severe COPD (SMD −1.42, 95% CI −2.04 to −0.79) and, by contrast, slightly higher in patients of studies including severe COPD (SMD 0.33, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.64) in comparison to healthy controls. Arylesterase activity showed a similar trend. Overall, PON1 activity was lower in patients with COPD, suggesting that PON1-related antioxidant defense is impaired in COPD. Future studies are warranted.

PON1 gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 963-970
Author(s):  
Marija Grdić Rajković ◽  
Sanja Popović-Grle ◽  
Andrea Vukić Dugac ◽  
Dunja Rogić ◽  
Ivana Rako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pon1 Gene

AimsChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised with oxidative stress. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme, coded by PON1 gene, with distinctive antiatherogenic and antioxidative roles. We aimed to investigate the frequencies of Q192R, L55M and −108C>T polymorphisms and association of those polymorphisms with paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with COPD.MethodsPON1 genotype was determined by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism method. PON1 activity was measured by paraoxon and phenylacetate.ResultsOnly −108C>T polymorphism resulted in significantly different distribution of genotypes and alleles, with higher frequency of TT genotype and T allele in patients compared with control subjects. Moreover, T allele (OR 2.29 (95% CI 1.54 to 3.41); p<0.001) as well as TT genotype (OR 5.00 (95% CI 2.19 to 11.43); p<0.001) showed an association with the disease. −108C>T polymorphism was suggested as a significant diagnostic predictor for the disease (OR (95% CI) 2.65 (1.53 to 4.59), p=0.001), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.93) and with 83.90% of correctly classified cases.ConclusionsHigher frequency of TT genotype and T allele could contribute to the observed reduction of PON1 activity in patients with COPD. T allele and TT genotype are associated with COPD, and the PON1−108C>T polymorphism could be a potential predictor of the disease.

Preserved muscle metaboreflex in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan F.B. Sherman ◽  
Jeremy D. Road ◽  
Donald C. McKenzie ◽  
A. William Sheel
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Muscle Metaboreflex ◽  
Severe Copd

The objective of this study was to measure the magnitude of the muscle metaboreflex in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with healthy controls and to assess the relationships between disease severity, exercise capacity, and the magnitude of the muscle metaboreflex. Nine people with mild-to-severe COPD and 11 age- and gender-matched healthy controls performed isometric handgrip exercise (IHG), followed by postexercise circulatory occlusion (PECO) while hemodynamic changes were measured. Continuous measures of heart rate, arterial pressure, leg blood flow, leg vascular resistance, and total peripheral resistance were obtained. Participants then performed a cycle test to exhaustion. Heart rate, blood pressure, and blood flow responses during IHG and PECO were similar between the COPD group and healthy controls (p > 0.05). There was no association between disease severity or exercise capacity and the magnitude of the muscle metaboreflex. We observed a preserved muscle metaboreflex in mild-to-severe COPD, suggesting the metaboreflex is not a contributing factor to the development of exercise intolerance in this population.

scholarly journals Using step counters to promote physical activity and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175346661878738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanhu Qiu ◽  
Xue Cai ◽  
Xuyi Wang ◽  
Can He ◽  
Martina Zügel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Step Counter ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Severe Copd

Background: Although step counters are popularly employed for physical rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, their effectiveness is inconsistent and even questioned. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether step counter use increases physical activity or improves exercise capacity in COPD patients. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials that assessed the efficacy of step counter use in increasing physical activity or in improving exercise capacity. Data were aggregated using a random-effects model to get the overall effect sizes [standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI)], and subgroup analyses were performed. Results: A total of 15 trials enrolling 1316 patients with moderate to severe COPD were included. Step counter use increased physical activity compared with controls (SMD = 0.57, 95% CI 0.31–0.84), which is equal to a magnitude of 1026 steps/day in daily steps. It also enhanced exercise capacity with an effect size of 0.30 (95% CI 0.16–0.45), approximating to a magnitude of 11.6 m in the 6-min walking distance. Step counter use could augment physical activity (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI 0.19–1.08) and exercise capacity (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.01–0.62) for patients receiving pulmonary rehabilitation. Yet it cannot enhance physical activity or exercise capacity in patients with severe COPD or among studies with intervention durations ⩾6 months (both p > 0.50). Conclusions: Step counter use increases physical activity and improves exercise capacity in COPD patients, at least in the short term, which supports the notion of recommending step counter use in COPD management.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Blood Glutathione Redox State in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Salvatore Sotgia ◽  
Panagiotis Paliogiannis ◽  
Elisabetta Sotgiu ◽  
Sabrina Mellino ◽  
Elisabetta Zinellu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Copd Patients

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the blood concentrations of the total and reduced forms of the low-molecular-weight antioxidant thiol glutathione (GSH) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in comparison to healthy individuals. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception until June 2020. In the 18 studies identified (involving a total of 974 COPD patients and 631 healthy controls), the pooled reduced GSH concentrations were significantly lower in patients with COPD than controls (SMD  =  −3.04, 95% CI = −4.42 to −1.67; p  <  0.001). By contrast, the pooled total GSH concentrations were significantly higher in patients with COPD than controls (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.73; p = 0.009). Our meta-analysis showed that the blood concentrations of reduced GSH, even in the presence of higher total GSH concentrations, were significantly lower in patients with COPD when compared to healthy controls. This suggests that an impaired antioxidant defense system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.

scholarly journals Glucose and pyruvate metabolism in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina C. Kao ◽  
Jean W.-C. Hsu ◽  
Venkata Bandi ◽  
Nicola A. Hanania ◽  
Farrah Kheradmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severe Copd

The mechanisms leading to weight loss in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly understood but may involve alterations in macronutrient metabolism. Changes in muscle oxidative capacity and lactate production during exercise suggest glucose metabolism may be altered in COPD subjects. The objective of this study was to determine differences in the rates of glucose production and clearance, the rate of glycolysis (pyruvate production), and oxidative and nonoxidative pyruvate disposal in subjects with severe COPD compared with healthy controls. The in vivo rates of glucose production and clearance were measured in 14 stable outpatients with severe COPD (seven with low and seven with preserved body mass indexes) and 7 healthy controls using an intravenous infusion of [2H2]glucose. Additionally, pyruvate production and oxidative and non-oxidative pyruvate disposal were measured using intravenous infusions of [13C]bicarbonate and [13C]pyruvate. Endogenous glucose flux and glucose clearance were significantly faster in the combined COPD subjects ( P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). This difference remained significant when COPD subjects were separated by body mass index. Pyruvate flux and oxidation were significantly higher in the combined COPD subjects than controls ( P = 0.02 for both), but there was no difference in nonoxidative pyruvate disposal or plasma lactate concentrations between the two groups. In subjects with severe COPD, there are alterations in glucose metabolism leading to increased glucose production and faster glucose metabolism by glycolysis and oxidation compared with controls. However, no difference in glucose conversion to lactate via pyruvate reduction is observed.

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