scholarly journals Multi-Parametric Imaging of Etruscan Chamber Tombs: Grotte Di Castro Case Study (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7875
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Sapia ◽  
Valerio Materni ◽  
Federico Florindo ◽  
Marco Marchetti ◽  
Andrea Gasparini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Method Integration ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
Soil Measurements ◽  
Ground Penetrating

A multi-parametric approach that involves the use of different geophysical methods coupled with geochemical data allowed us to identify undiscovered archeological burials in a funerary area of the Grotte di Castro Etruscan settlement. In particular, we tested the suitability of the capacitive resistivity method and the presence of Radon in soil for the identification of burials calibrating their outcomes over coincident survey profiles with standard geophysical techniques routinely applied for archaeological prospections. Soil Radon data were acquired both in a grid and along a profile to highlight anomalous gas concentrations, whereas electrical resistivity and ground-penetrating radar measurements were conducted on overlapping profiles to depict the electrical and electromagnetic subsurface distribution. Data integration showed a series of anomalies, suggesting the presence of multiple burials starting from a depth of approximately 1.5 m below the terrain surface. Slight anomalies of Radon in the soil were found to correspond to most of the recovered geophysical ones. Our results pointed out the effectiveness of geophysical method integration in archeological prospecting with the novelty of the joint use of Radon in soil measurements and capacitive resistivity tomography. The latter provided reliable results and can be considered as a standalone technique in archaeological surveys.

scholarly journals Exploring the Consistency of Data Collected in Archaeological Geophysics: A Case Study from the Iron Age Hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Extremadura, Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1989
Author(s):  
Carmen Pro ◽  
Bento Caldeira ◽  
Maria Teresa de Tena ◽  
Cristina Charro ◽  
Rui Jorge Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Archaeological Interpretation ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Magnetic Gradiometry ◽  
Strong Agreement

Different geophysical methods applied at the settlement of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, Spain) have identified robust anomalies located at the same position, but some anomalies are reflected by only one method. Furthermore, analysing the spatial correlation of these anomalies is of fundamental importance for obtaining a correct archaeological interpretation. In this work, we analysed the main results of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic gradiometry methods in a particular area of the archaeological site. In this analysis, we performed graphical and numerical spatial correlation analyses of the anomalies and observed strong agreement among the results provided by each method. Certain anomalies were reflected only in the magnetic and ERT studies. The results highlight the importance of applying several geophysical methods and performing spatial correlational analyses. Furthermore, the methodology that we have applied to evaluate the spatial correlation offers interesting results.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Integration of Different Geophysical Methods (Magnetic, GPR and ERT); A Case Study From the Late Roman Settlement On the Island of Rab in Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Welc ◽  
Radosław Mieszkowski ◽  
Goranka Lipovac Vrkljan ◽  
Ana Konestra
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Roman Economy ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Late Roman Period ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Late Roman

AbstractIn 2016 within the RED Project Roman Economy in Dalmatia: production, distribution and demand in the light of pottery workshops, 5 selected areas around the Podšilo Bay were geophysically surveyed. During the fieldworks in the Lopar protected area, located in the northeastern part of the Island of Rab a gradiometer, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were used. The main aim of the project was to document presence of the Roman architecture in two areas of the bay’s hinterland as suggested earlier by finds of pottery and glass. Geophysical studies conducted in the Lopar area revealed presence of underground remains of ancient structures, probably from the late Roman period and connected with a ceramic production centre at the present seashore. The most interesting results were obtained for the area no. 4, the site where magnetic, georadar and ERT surveys revealed an ancient regular building at 0.4-0.6 m depth. The survey performed in the Lopar area clearly indicates that integration of different geophysical methods enables detailed and effective identification of buried archaeological structures.

scholarly journals Geophysical mapping of palsa peatland permafrost

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sjöberg ◽  
P. Marklund ◽  
R. Pettersson ◽  
S. W. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Ice Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Biogeochemical Hotspots ◽  
Geophysical Mapping

Abstract. Permafrost peatlands are hydrological and biogeochemical hotspots in the discontinuous permafrost zone. Non-intrusive geophysical methods offer a possibility to map current permafrost spatial distributions in these environments. In this study, we estimate the depths to the permafrost table and base across a peatland in northern Sweden, using ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography. Seasonal thaw frost tables (at ~0.5 m depth), taliks (2.1–6.7 m deep), and the permafrost base (at ~16 m depth) could be detected. Higher occurrences of taliks were discovered at locations with a lower relative height of permafrost landforms, which is indicative of lower ground ice content at these locations. These results highlight the added value of combining geophysical techniques for assessing spatial distributions of permafrost within the rapidly changing sporadic permafrost zone. For example, based on a back-of-the-envelope calculation for the site considered here, we estimated that the permafrost could thaw completely within the next 3 centuries. Thus there is a clear need to benchmark current permafrost distributions and characteristics, particularly in under studied regions of the pan-Arctic.

scholarly journals ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION IN SOUTHEASTERN PARÁ STATE, BRAZIL USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS: A CASE STUDY OF SÍTIO DOMINGOS

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Gouvêa Luiz ◽  
Edithe Da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Archaeological Prospection ◽  
Magnetic Resistivity ◽  
Ground Penetrating

ABSTRACT. Magnetic, resistivity and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods were applied to Sítio Domingos, a Brazilian archaeological site located in Pará State, to find objects buried by an ancient civilization that may have inhabited the site. Archaeological excavations based on the locations of magnetic anomalies reveal a concentration of ceramic fragments and pots. The correlation between the resistivity models and the soil profile of the study area suggests that the resistivity range of 2000 to 2500 ohm-m represents the archaeological occupation layer. Several anomalous features detected by GPR are correlated with magnetic anomalies. However, when these features are analyzed independently of the magnetic anomalies, they do not conclusively represent the objects being searched. Therefore, GPR is not recommended as the main tool for archaeological prospection in the study area.Keywords: magnetometry, electrical resistivity, GPR, archaeological excavation. RESUMO. Os métodos magnético, resistividade e radar de penetração no solo (GPR) foram aplicados no Sítio Domingos, um sítio arqueológico brasileiro localizado no Estado do Pará, para encontrar objetos enterrados por uma civilização antiga que pode ter habitado a região. Escavações arqueológicas com base nos locais de anomalias magnéticas revelaram uma concentração de fragmentos de cerâmica e vasos. A correlação entre os modelos de resistividade e do perfil do solo da área de estudo sugere que a faixa de resistividade de 2000-2500 ohm-m representa a camada de ocupação arqueológica. V´arias feições anômalas detectadas pelo GPR são correlacionáveis com anomalias magnéticas. No entanto, quando essas feições são analisadas independente das anomalias magnéticas, elas não representam de forma conclusiva os objetos que est~so sendo procurados. Portanto, o GPR não é recomendado como a principal ferramenta de prospecção arqueológica na área de estudo.Palavras-chave: magnetometria, resistividade elétrica, GPR, escavação arqueológica.

IDENTIFICATION OF AQUIFER USING RESISTIVITY GEOELECTRIC METHOD IN REGIONAL OF BEBANDEM, KARANG ASEM, BALI

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Budy Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Surface Image ◽  
Resistivity Variation ◽  
Resistivity Meter

Bungaya Kangin Village, Bebandem District, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province consists of paddy fields and settlements, required therefore a water source / aquifer  that can meet all these needs. One of the Geophysical Methods that can identify the aquifer is the Geoelectric Method. Geoelectric method used in this research is Resistivity Method. Data acquisition using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Methods. VES method is a method of measurement to determine the variation of resistivity vertically at one point. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method is a method of measuring resistivity on soil surface / rock by using many electrode (51 electrode), to obtain sub-surface resistivity variation  lateraly and verticaly, to obtain sub-surface image. The equipment used for geoelectric measurements is  Resistivity Meter of Naniura NRD 300 Hf which has been equipped with a switchbox to adjust the displacement of 51 electrodes. Based on the resistivity modeling results, the aquifers in the study area were found in rough sandstones with resistivity values : (49 - 100) Ohm.m.  

scholarly journals Ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography for locating buried building foundations: A case study in the city centre of Thessaloniki, Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1355
Author(s):  
G. Vargemezis ◽  
N. Diamanti ◽  
I. Fikos ◽  
A. Stampolidis ◽  
Th. Makedon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
City Centre ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The City

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys have been carried out in the city centre of Thessaloniki (N. Greece), for investigating possible locations of buried building foundations. Geophysical survey has been chosen as a non-destructive investigation method since the area is currently used as a car parking and it is covered by asphalt. The geoelectrical sections derived from ERT data in combination with the GPR profiles provided a broad view of the  subsurface.  Regarding  ERT,  high  resistivity  values  can  be  related  to  buried building remains, while lower resistivity values are more related to the surrounding geological materials. GPR surveying can also indicate man-made structures buried in the ground. Even though the two geophysical methods are affected in different ways by the subsurface conditions, the processed underground images from both techniques revealed great similarity. High resistivity anomalies and distinct GPR signals were observed in certain locations of the area under investigation, which are attributed to buried building foundations as well as the geological structure of the area.

Detecting fold structures at the southern flank of the Neogene Vienna Basin in eastern Austria using near-subsurface geophysical methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. SY13-SY26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Chwatal ◽  
Hermann Häusler ◽  
Ingrid Kreutzer ◽  
Jürgen Scheibz ◽  
Friedrich Steirer
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Vienna Basin ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Investigation Area ◽  
Uppermost Layer ◽  
Geophysical Investigations ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Southern Flank

At the southern flank of the Vienna Basin, spectacular fold structures were exposed in the former Steinbrunn sand pit. The succession of Upper Pannonian age consists of decimeter- to meter-thick sandy, silty, and clayey beds, which are overlain by sandstone beds. Previously, these fold structures have been interpreted differently as of tectonic but also gravitational origin. To gain a more detailed insight into the 3D distribution and orientation of the folds, high-resolution geophysics such as electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and electromagnetics (EM) were applied for mapping the subsurface in the surroundings of the sand pit. The EM results found that the uppermost layer was more clayey northwest and sandier southeast of the sand pit. To directly compare ERT and GPR results with the lithology of the fold structures observed in the sand pit, reference profiles behind the wall of the sand pit were performed. Both methods clearly revealed fold structures parallel to the folded Pannonian strata of the outcrop. Although the GPR data displayed boundaries between sandy and clayey sediments, and thus clearly imaged the fold geometry of the succession, the resistivities in the ERT profiles portrayed a smoother image. Almost all GPR profiles revealed wavelike structures with axes in the southeastern direction and dome-shaped structures with axes in the southwestern direction, deepening toward the west. This pattern was comparable with the sections of rounded buckle folds, which underlie almost the entire investigation area of approximately [Formula: see text] in size. Compared with fold structures as documented from a neighboring abandoned coal mine, the geophysical investigations around the Steinbrunn sand pit supported the hypothesis of a tectonic origin, formed by simple buckling of a planar surface and its confining volume along the southeastern flank of the Vienna Basin in Plio/Pleistocene times.

Mapping of mountain permafrost using geophysical methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vonder Mühll ◽  
Christian Hauck ◽  
Hansueli Gubler
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Dc Resistivity ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Refraction Seismics ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Mountain Permafrost ◽  
Warm Permafrost ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Permafrost distribution in nonpolar mountain areas is strongly influenced by topo-graphical effects. Conditions therefore change within short distances and consequently the permafrost pattern is often very complex. Warm permafrost with temperatures between -2°C and 0°C is sensitive in terms of slope failures. It is also crucial to determine the lower permafrost boundary by geophysical means in order to calibrate models. Various geophysical methods have been applied to the mapping of mountain permafrost, including bottom temperature of the snow cover (BTS), refraction seismics, DC resistivity, ground penetrating radar (GPR), electromagnetic induction and radiometry. This paper gives an overview of investigations to map mountain permafrost distribution showing the potential of the modern use of geophysical methods. The two-dimensional DC resistivity tomography makes it possible to get an impression of internal structures. Electromagnetic induction methods showed good results, in particular the EM-31 for determining the permafrost distribution and the PROTEM to assess the overall permafrost thickness. Using passive microwave (11.4 GHz), the BTS, which is used as an indicator for the presence of permafrost, was measured. After ground surveys, an airborne test measurement from a helicopter was made. Traditional BTS measurements agreed very well with the BTS determined by radiometry.

scholarly journals Geophysical mapping of palsa peatland permafrost

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 5137-5168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sjöberg ◽  
P. Marklund ◽  
R. Pettersson ◽  
S. W. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Permafrost Zone ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Ice Content ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Biogeochemical Hotspots ◽  
Geophysical Mapping

Abstract. Permafrost peatlands are hydrological and biogeochemical hotspots in the discontinuous permafrost zone. Non-intrusive geophysical methods offer possibility to map current permafrost spatial distributions in these environments. In this study, we estimate the depths to the permafrost table surface and base across a peatland in northern Sweden, using ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography. Seasonal thaw frost tables (at ~0.5 m depth), taliks (2.1–6.7 m deep), and the permafrost base (at ~16 m depth) could be detected. Higher occurrences of taliks were discovered at locations with a lower relative height of permafrost landforms indicative of lower ground ice content at these locations. These results highlight the added value of combining geophysical techniques for assessing spatial distribution of permafrost within the rapidly changing sporadic permafrost zone. For example, based on a simple thought experiment for the site considered here, we estimated that the thickest permafrost could thaw out completely within the next two centuries. There is a clear need, thus, to benchmark current permafrost distributions and characteristics particularly in under studied regions of the pan-arctic.

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