The Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Pre-Existing Gingival Recessions: A Retrospective Study

(1) Background: This retrospective study aimed to examine the change of gingival recessions (GR) before and after orthodontic treatment (OT). (2) Methods: Patients who had at least one GR on the vestibular surface of maxillary/mandibular teeth mesial to first molars were included. GR was measured on good quality plaster models before and after OT. (3) Results: Significant improvement of mean GR at patient level was found between T0 and T1 (0.45 mm, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.62) (p < 0.001). In 51.4% of patients GRs became better, in 37.8% GRs did not change. and in 10.8% GRs became worse. At tooth level the mean GR improvement was 0.54 mm (CI: 0.42, 0.65; median 0.55 mm Q1; Q3: 0.12, 0.96) (p < 0.001). GR improved in 67 teeth (58.7%), did not change in 41 (36.0%), and worsened in 6 (5.3%). Full healing was observed in 15 teeth. A reduced GR improvement was found in cases with pre-treatment open bite (OR 3.89; CI: 1.35, 11.16; p = 0.008) and dental Class III patients (OR 2.6; CI: 1.11, 6.0; p = 0.026). (4) Conclusion: There was an improvement of GR after OT in more than half of the patients. Class III malocclusion and reduced pre-treatment overbite had a negative impact on GR improvement.

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A retrospective study of orthodontic treatment with pre-treatment gingival recessions

10.21203/rs.2.22064/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Guoste Antanaviciene ◽

Dalia Smailiene ◽

Nomeda Baseviciene ◽

Egle Zasciurinskiene

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Open Bite ◽

Class Iii ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Mandibular Teeth

Abstract Background: The development of gingival recessions (GR) after orthodontic treatment (OT) is well described in the literature. However, there is a lack of information about the changes in pre-existing GR during OT. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to examine the change of GR before and after OT. Intraoral photographs of 993 patients treated with fixed appliances between 2005 and 2017 were evaluated. Patients who had at least one GR on the vestibular surface of maxillary/mandibular teeth mesial to first molars were included. GR was measured on good quality plaster models before and after OT. The change of GR (T0-T1) was categorised into the three groups: worsened, did not change and improved (this group consisted of GR, which became better but did not disappear, and fully healed, which disappeared after OT)). The change of GR by ≥0.5 mm was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics (Version 22.0. Armonk, NY, USA). Results: Fifty-one (5.1%) patient had ≥1 GR before OT. Of them, 37 (72.5%) patients were included in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria. GR before OT was found on 114 buccal/labial surfaces.Significant improvement of mean GR at patient level was found between T0 and T1 (0.45 mm, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.62) (p<0.001). At tooth level the median GR improvement was 0.55 (Q1; Q3: 0.12; 0.96) mm (p<0.001). GR improved in 67 teeth (58.7%), did not change in 41 (36.0%), and worsened in 6 (5.3%). Of the 67 GR, which improved, full healing was observed in 15 (22.4%) teeth. There was a lower chance for GR improvement in cases with pre-treatment open bite (OR 3.35; 95% CI: 1.14, 9.84; p=0.03) and dental Class III patients (OR 2.20; 95% CI: 0.92, 5.28; p=0.03). Conclusions: There was an improvement of GR after orthodontic treatment in most cases. Class III malocclusion and reduced pre-treatment overbite had a negative impact on GR improvement.

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Orthodontic treatment effect on gingival recessions

10.21203/rs.2.22064/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Guoste Antanaviciene ◽

Dalia Smailiene ◽

Nomeda Baseviciene ◽

Egle Zasciurinskiene

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Open Bite ◽

Class Iii ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Mandibular Teeth ◽

Plaster Models

Abstract Background The occurrence of gingival recessions (GR) after orthodontic treatment (OT) is well described in the literature. However, there is a lack of information about changes to pre-existing GR during OT. Methods The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the change of GR before and after OT. Intraoral photographs of 993 patients treated with fixed appliances between 2005 and 2017 were evaluated. Patients who had at least one GR on the vestibular surface of maxillary/mandibular teeth mesial to first molars were included. GR was measured on good quality plaster models before and after OT. The change of GR (T0-T1) was categorised into the three groups: worsened, did not change and improved (this group consisted of GR, which became better but did not disappear, and fully healed, which disappeared after OT)). The change by ≥0.5 mm was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics (Version 22.0. Armonk, NY). Results Fifty-one (5.1%) patient had ≥1 GR before OT. Of them, 37 (72.5%) patients were included in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria. GR before OT was found on 114 buccal/labial surfaces. The mean GR improvement was 0.51 (95% CI: 0.40, 0.63) mm (p<0.001). GR improved in 71 teeth (62.3%), did not change in 37 (32.4%), and worsened in 6 (5.3%). Of the 71 GR, which improved, full healing was observed in 15 (21.1%) teeth. GR had a greater chance of improvement in cases with a thick/normal gingival biotype compared with the thin biotype (OR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.07; 5.28) (p=0.03). There was a lower chance for GR improvement in cases with pre-treatment open bite (OR 3.29; 95% CI: 1.10; 9.81) (p=0.03) and Class III patients (OR 2.79; 95% CI: 1.14; 6.83) (p=0.03). Conclusions Based on the results of this retrospective study, we conclude that orthodontic treatment may change and even influence the healing of GR.

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A retrospective study of orthodontic treatment with pre-treatment gingival recessions

10.21203/rs.2.22064/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Guoste Antanaviciene ◽

Dalia Smailiene ◽

Nomeda Baseviciene ◽

Egle Zasciurinskiene

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Open Bite ◽

Class Iii ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment

Abstract Background: The development of gingival recessions (GR) after orthodontic treatment (OT) is well described in the literature. However, there is a lack of information about the changes in pre-existing GR during OT. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to examine the change of GR before and after OT. Intraoral photographs of 993 patients treated with fixed appliances between 2005 and 2017 were evaluated. Patients who had at least one GR on the vestibular surface of maxillary/mandibular teeth mesial to first molars were included. GR was measured on good quality plaster models before and after OT. The change of GR (T0-T1) was categorised into the three groups: worsened, did not change and improved (this group consisted of GR, which became better but did not disappear, and fully healed, which disappeared after OT)). The change of GR by ≥0.5 mm was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics (Version 22.0. Armonk, NY, USA). Results: Fifty-one (5.1%) patient had ≥1 GR before OT. Of them, 37 (72.5%) patients were included in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria. GR before OT was found on 114 buccal/labial surfaces. At tooth level the median GR improvement was 0.55 (Q1; Q3: 0.12; 0.96) mm (p<0.001). GR improved in 67 teeth (58.7%), did not change in 41 (36.0%), and worsened in 6 (5.3%). Of the 67 GR, which improved, full healing was observed in 15 (22.4%) teeth. There was a lower chance for GR improvement in cases with pre-treatment open bite (OR 3.35; 95% CI: 1.14, 9.84; p=0.03) and dental Class III patients (OR 2.20; 95% CI: 0.92, 5.28; p=0.03). Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present retrospective study, it may be concluded that orthodontic treatment induces changes in gingival recessions. In more than half of the teeth, the improvement in gingival recession was observed. Class III malocclusion and reduced pre-treatment overbite had a negative impact on GR improvement.

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Retrospective study of orthodontic patients with pre-treatment gingival recessions

10.21203/rs.2.22064/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Guoste Antanaviciene ◽

Dalia Smailiene ◽

Nomeda Baseviciene ◽

Egle Zasciurinskiene

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Open Bite ◽

Class Iii ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Before And After ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Mandibular Teeth

Abstract Background: The occurrence of gingival recessions (GR) after orthodontic treatment (OT) is well described in the literature. However, there is a lack of information about changes to pre-existing GR during OT. Methods: The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the change of GR before and after OT. Intraoral photographs of 993 patients treated with fixed appliances between 2005 and 2017 were evaluated. Patients who had at least one GR on the vestibular surface of maxillary/mandibular teeth mesial to first molars were included. GR was measured on good quality plaster models before and after OT. The change of GR (T0-T1) was categorised into the three groups: worsened, did not change and improved (this group consisted of GR, which became better but did not disappear, and fully healed, which disappeared after OT)). The change of GR by ≥0.5 mm was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics (Version 22.0. Armonk, NY). Results: Fifty-one (5.1%) patient had ≥1 GR before OT. Of them, 37 (72.5%) patients were included in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria. GR before OT was found on 114 buccal/labial surfaces. The mean GR improvement was 0.51 (95% CI: 0.40, 0.63) mm (p<0.001). GR improved in 71 teeth (62.3%), did not change in 37 (32.4%), and worsened in 6 (5.3%). Of the 71 GR, which improved, full healing was observed in 15 (21.1%) teeth. GR had a greater chance of improvement in cases with a thick/normal gingival biotype compared with the thin biotype (OR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.07; 5.28) (p=0.03). There was a lower chance for GR improvement in cases with pre-treatment open bite (OR 3.29; 95% CI: 1.10; 9.81) (p=0.03) and Class III patients (OR 2.79; 95% CI: 1.14; 6.83) (p=0.03). Conclusions: Based on the results of this retrospective study, we conclude that orthodontic treatment may change and even influence the healing of GR.

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The prevalence and management of patients with hypodontia: A cross -sectional study

Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1177/14653125211065457 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146531252110654

Author(s):

Nusaybah Elsherif ◽

Jose Rodriguez ◽

Farooq Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Class I ◽

Class Iii ◽

Dental Anomalies ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Related Quality ◽

Pre Treatment

Background: Hypodontia is one of the most common anomalies in dentistry. Hypodontia has a negative impact on oral health-related quality of life with patients best seen in a multidisciplinary clinic to improve treatment outcomes. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of hypodontia and its association with other dental anomalies, as well as malocclusion, and to investigate the treatment planned for patients attending the clinic and whether the type of missing teeth affected the proposed treatment. Materials and Methods: Analysis of consecutive patients attending the hypodontia clinic at a dental hospital between February and November 2020. A total of 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria were identified. Data collected included the following: age/sex; number and type of missing teeth; pre-treatment occlusion; presence of other dental anomalies; and planned treatment. Results: A total of 100 patients (55% female; age range = 7–41 years; mean age = 18 years) were included. Of the cohort, 47% had a class I skeletal relationship and participants were significantly less likely to have a class III skeletal or incisor relationship; 45% had another dental anomaly with the most common being microdontia. Space opening was the preferred treatment option for those managed by orthodontic treatment with resin-bonded bridges most likely to be used for restoration of spaces, 86%. Conclusion: Lower second premolars were the most commonly missing teeth. Participants were significantly less likely to have a class III incisor or skeletal relationship than class I or II. Space opening was the favoured approach for orthodontic treatment, particularly for maxillary lateral incisors.

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Relationship between back posture and early orthodontic treatment in children

Head & Face Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13005-021-00255-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Isa Klostermann ◽

Christian Kirschneck ◽

Carsten Lippold ◽

Sachin Chhatwani

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Pelvic Tilt ◽

Body Posture ◽

Open Bite ◽

Detectable Effect ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Before And After ◽

The Relationship ◽

Plaster Models ◽

Pelvic Torsion

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between body posture and sagittal dental overjet in children before and after early orthodontic treatment with removable functional orthodontic appliances. Methods Angle Class II patients (mean age 8.2 ± 1.2 years; 29 males and 25 females) with a distinctly enlarged overjet (> 9 mm) were retrospectively examined regarding body posture parameters before and after early orthodontic treatment. In addition, changes in overjet were investigated with the aid of plaster models. Forms of transverse dysgnathism (crossbite, lateral malocclusions) and open bite cases were excluded. Body posture parameters kyphosis, lordosis, surface rotation, pelvic tilt, pelvic torsion and trunk imbalance were analyzed by means of rasterstereographical photogrammetry to determine, if the orthodontic overjet correction is associated with specific changes in posture patterns. Results In nearly all patients an overjet correction and an improvement regarding all body posture and back parameters could be noted after early orthodontic treatment. Overjet reduction (− 3.9 mm ± 2.1 mm) and pelvic torsion (− 1.28° ± 0,44°) were significantly (p < 0.05) and moderately correlated (R = 0.338) with no significant associations found for the other posture and back parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion Overjet reduction during early orthodontic treatment may be associated with a detectable effect on pelvic torsion.

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The esthetic profile preferences of Class II malocclusion patients treated with extraction or non-extraction

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.17921/2447-8938.2018v20n3p179-184 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Victor De Miranda Ladewig ◽

Milena Fabri Sanches Trecenti ◽

Renata Rodrigues Almeida Pedrin ◽

Marcio Rodrigues Almeida ◽

Ana Claudia de Castro Ferreira Conti

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Class Ii ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Class Ii Malocclusion ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Facial Profile ◽

Class Ii Treatment ◽

Before And After ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

The Impact

Abstract The treatment of Class II can have a positive or a negative impact on the facial profile aesthetic. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of two methods of orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion on the facial profile aesthetics. The facial profiles of 46 patients with Class II malocclusion were outlined by radiography before and after treatment; 23 of the patients were treated by the extraction of two maxillary first premolars (EXT group), and the other 23, with the Thurow Appliance (TA group), followed by braces. The profile silhouettes were filled in using the Corel Draw program. An album containing the patient’s silhouettes of both groups was created randomly, with two profiles of a patient per page. The preferences of 30 orthodontists, 30 dentists, and 30 laypersons in relation to the profile were recorded along with their perceived differences between the pre-treatment and post-treatment profiles, according to the visual analog scale. All groups of evaluators preferred the post-treatment profile more frequently. There were statistically significant differences in the evaluators’ preferences only between the orthodontists’ and the laypersons’ groups. None of the evaluators’ groups indicated substantial differences between the pre-treatment and post-treatment profiles. It may be concluded that both Class II treatment protocols, i.e., the double-extraction of the first premolars and the use of TA, improved the patients’ facial profile aesthetics.Keywords: Face. Malocclusion, Angle Class II. Tooth Extraction.Resumo As modalidades de tratamentos da Classe II tem um impacto sobre a estética da face que pode ser positivo ou negativo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da estética do perfil facial decorrente de dois tipos de tratamento para a Classe II. Foram traçados os perfis faciais das telerradiografias pré e pós-tratamento de 46 pacientes Classe II, sendo 23 de um grupo tratado com extração de dois primeiros pré-molares superiores e 23 de um grupo tratado com AEB Conjugado seguido de aparelho fixo, e estes traçados foram preenchidos com o programa Corel Draw. Foi montado um álbum com as silhuetas dos pacientes (AEB e EXO) de forma aleatória, sendo dois perfis em cada folha do mesmo paciente. Foi pedido para 30 ortodontistas, 30 cirurgiões-dentistas e 30 leigos para verificarem a sua preferência em relação ao perfil e a quantidade de diferença entre os perfis pré e pós-tratamento, de acordo com a escala analógica visual. Os 3 grupos de avaliadores preferiram o perfil pós-tratamento com maior frequência. Houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes somente entre os grupos de avaliadores ortodontistas e leigos; os 3 grupos de avaliadores indicaram que os perfis pré e pós-tratamento, não diferiram substancialmente. Pode-se concluir que o tratamento da Classe II, com extração de dois primeiros pré-molares, e com o uso do aparelho AEB Conjugado produziu um impacto positivo na estética do perfil.Palavras-chave: Face. Má Oclusão de Angle Classe II. Extração Dentária.

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Changes of Periodontal Tissues Because of Orthodontic Treatment: A Retrospective Study

Journal of Advanced Oral Research ◽

10.1177/23202068211003416 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 232020682110034

Author(s):

Hamad Alzoman ◽

Khalid Alamoud ◽

Waad K. Alomran ◽

Abdullazez Almudhi ◽

Naif A. Bindayel

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Crown Height ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Before And After

Aim: To evaluate the periodontal status before and after orthodontic treatment and to analyze the confounding factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study analyzed pre- and posttreatment records of a total of 60 patients. Intraoral digital photographs before and after the orthodontic treatment were used to measure the following three periodontal variables: (a) width of the keratinized gingiva, (b) gingival recession, and (c) the status of interdental papilla. The ImageJ 46 software imaging program was used to perform the required measurements. The clinical data were then analyzed in an association with the participants’ demographic data, the type of orthodontic tooth movement, and other confounding factors. The data obtained were manually entered into the statistical package and analyzed using a significance level set at P < .05. Descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used to identify differences among the studied variables. Results: Among the 60 patients, the majority (66.7%) were females. Most cases of the treated malocclusion were Class II, and most patients underwent intrusion and retrusion movements. The width of keratinized gingiva increased for most sites of upper teeth. In contrast, the lower teeth showed a mix of improvement and compromised width of keratinized gingiva. As a measure of gingival recession, the difference of clinical crown height revealed the tendency toward a reduced clinical crown height for most sites. Upper left lateral incisors and canines showed significant values with regard to keratinized gingival width measurements and tooth movements such as extrusion and intrusion movements. Likewise, with regard to the clinical crown height, upper right central incisors showed significant differences when correlated with the interincisal angle, lower incisors to the mandibular plane, and upper incisors to the NA line. The upper lateral incisors also showed significant correlations to certain cephalometric measurements. Conclusions: The orthodontic treatment was found to exert a significantly positive impact on the surrounding periodontium, particularly in the upper canine areas. Likewise, various types of tooth movement were found to positively affect the periodontium.

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Impact of Dividend Tax Change on the Payout Policy of Indian Companies

Global Business Review ◽

10.1177/0972150919846814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1282-1291

Author(s):

Sanjay Dhamija ◽

Ravinder Kumar Arora

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Payout Policy ◽

Tax Law ◽

Dividend Payout ◽

Inside Ownership ◽

Regulatory Changes ◽

Before And After ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Dividend Tax

The article examines the impact of regulatory changes in the tax on dividends on the payout policy of Indian companies. The tax law was recently amended to levy tax on dividends received by large shareholders. As the promoters group is the largest shareholder, this is expected to have a negative impact on the payout policy of companies. Furthermore, companies with larger promoter holdings have a higher motivation to reduce their payout. The study covers 370 companies present in the BSE 500 Index and compares the dividend payout of the companies before and after the introduction of tax levy. The study finds that the newly introduced tax indeed caused a shift in the dividend policy of companies, particularly those companies which have high levels of inside ownership. The findings have significant implications for companies, investors and the government.

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The Impact of the Capture of Leaders of Criminal Organizations on the Labor Market: Evidence from Mexico

10.36095/banxico/di.2021.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Osuna Gómez ◽

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Census Data ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Difference Analysis ◽

Criminal Organizations ◽

Before And After ◽

Economic Census ◽

The Difference ◽

Integral Assessment ◽

The Impact

This paper estimates the impact of the capture of leaders of criminal organizations on the labor market in municipalities where these organizations operated between 2004 and 2006. The difference-in-difference analysis compares different employment outcomes in cartel locations and the rest, before and after the capture of cartel leaders. The results show that captures caused a decrease in nominal wages and paid employment in cartel municipalities. Using Economic Census Data, I find that captures also caused a fall in the number of establishments and had a negative impact on other establishment outcomes. This document focuses exclusively on the impact of the capture of leaders of criminal organizations on the labor market until 2011 without studying other possible consequences, and thus does not make an integral assessment of this policy

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