A High-Resolution Ultrasonic Ranging System Using Laser Sensing and a Cross-Correlation Method

Ultrasound has been proven to be a valid tool for ranging, especially in water. In this paper, we design a high-resolution ultrasonic ranging system that uses a thin laser beam as an ultrasonic sensor. The laser sensing provides a noncontact method for ultrasound detection based on acousto-optic diffraction. Unlike conventional methods, the ultrasound transmitted from the transducer is recorded as the reference signal when it first passes through the laser. It can be used to improve the accuracy and resolution of the time-of-flight (TOF) by a cross-correlation method. Transducers with a central frequency of 1 MHz and diameters of 20 mm and 28 mm are used in the experiment. Five targets and a test piece are used to evaluate the ranging performance. The sound velocity is measured by the sound velocity profiler (SVP). The repeatability error of TOF is less than 4 ns, and the theoretical resolution of TOF is 0.4 ns. The results show a measurement resolution within one-tenth of the wavelength of ultrasound and an accuracy better than 0.3 mm for targets at a distance up to 0.8 m. The proposed system has potential applications in underwater ranging and thickness detection.

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Cross-Correlation and Sine-Fitting Techniques for High Resolution Ultrasonic Ranging

2006 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings ◽

10.1109/imtc.2006.328588 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. Queiros ◽

P. S. Girao ◽

A. Cruz Serra

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Cross Correlation ◽

Ultrasonic Ranging

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Feature Analysis of Degradation Signal of Rolling Stock Lateral Damper

Information ◽

10.3390/info11060298 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 298

Author(s):

Zhiyan Zhao ◽

Bin Wu ◽

Ting Zhou

Keyword(s):

Cross Correlation ◽

Wavelet Packet ◽

Reference Signal ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Health Condition ◽

Wavelet Packet Transform ◽

Rolling Stock ◽

Health State ◽

Vibration Signals ◽

Cross Correlation Analysis

The lateral damper is one of the key components of rolling stock. Establishing the relationship between the degraded signal and the health state of the lateral damper is important in order to perform timely performance detection and fault diagnosis. This paper proposes a wavelet packet cross-correlation method (WPCC) that is based on wavelet packet transform (WPT) and cross-correlation analysis (CCA). First, the vibration signals under different running speeds, different running conditions, and different track excitations were collected and analyzed. Second, the wavelet packet transform was used to select larger energy band signals for reconstruction. Subsequently, the WPCC coefficient was calculated between the reference signal and the signal to be measured. The proposed method was applied to analysis of vibration signals of the lateral damper performance degradation. The lateral damper health condition was divided into four intervals, and the average accuracy calculated under different running speeds, different running conditions, and different track excitation was 95%.

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Design of Ultrasonic Ranging System Based on Cross-correlation Method

2020 39th Chinese Control Conference (CCC) ◽

10.23919/ccc50068.2020.9188520 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Han Lu ◽

Zhihua Li ◽

Pei Gao

Keyword(s):

Cross Correlation ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Ultrasonic Ranging

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High-resolution transmission spectroscopy of MASCARA-2 b with EXPRES

Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1051/0004-6361/202037437 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 641 ◽

pp. A120 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Jens Hoeijmakers ◽

Samuel H. C. Cabot ◽

Lily Zhao ◽

Lars A. Buchhave ◽

René Tronsgaard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Transmission Spectrum ◽

Line Shape ◽

Cross Correlation ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Spin Orbit ◽

Shape Variation ◽

Echelle Spectrograph ◽

Transmission Spectroscopy ◽

Different Temperatures

We report detections of atomic species in the atmosphere of MASCARA-2 b, using the first transit observations obtained with the newly commissioned EXPRES spectrograph. EXPRES is a highly stabilized optical echelle spectrograph, designed to detect stellar reflex motions with amplitudes down to 30 cm s−1, and has recently been deployed at the Lowell Discovery Telescope. By analyzing the transmission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter MASCARA-2 b using the cross-correlation method, we confirm previous detections of Fe I, Fe II, and Na I, which likely originate in the upper regions of the inflated atmosphere. In addition, we report significant detections of Mg I and Cr II. The absorption strengths change slightly with time, possibly indicating different temperatures and chemistry in the day- and nightside terminators. Using the effective stellar line-shape variation induced by the transiting planet, we constrain the projected spin-orbit misalignment of the system to 1.6 ± 3.1 degrees, consistent with an aligned orbit. We demonstrate that EXPRES joins a suite of instruments capable of phase-resolved spectroscopy of exoplanet atmospheres.

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Cross-Correlation and Sine-Fitting Techniques for High-Resolution Ultrasonic Ranging

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement ◽

10.1109/tim.2010.2047305 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 59 (12) ◽

pp. 3227-3236 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Ricardo Queiros ◽

Francisco Correa Alegria ◽

Pedro Silva Girao ◽

António Cruz Serra

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Cross Correlation ◽

Ultrasonic Ranging

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Cross-Correlation and Sine-Fitting Techniques for High Resolution Ultrasonic Ranging

2006 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings ◽

10.1109/imtc.2006.235181 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

R. Queiros

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Cross Correlation ◽

Ultrasonic Ranging

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Masked Correlation for Improvement of 2D Glacier Motion Estimation Based on Terrasar-x Imagery

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsannals-ii-7-9-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol II-7 ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

L. Fang ◽

U. Stilla

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Motion Estimation ◽

Cross Correlation ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Correlation Technique ◽

Binary Mask ◽

Normalized Cross Correlation ◽

The Law ◽

Cross Correlation Technique ◽

Glacier Motion

In this paper, the impacts of the non-glacier information in the template window used in cross-correlation calculation for 2D motion estimation of glaciers are discussed and illustrated by the example of the Taku glacier, which is the biggest glacier in the Juneau Icefield, Alaska. For this, the glacier motion maps are extracted by the traditional normalized cross-correlation technique and the masked cross-correlation method, which uses a manually generated binary mask to threshold the non-glacier pixels, based on geocoded high resolution TerraSAR-X images. Based on the comparison of the different results, it was found that without the disturbing information (e.g., mountain, water) the accuracy of the cross-correlation of sequential patches in masked cross-correlation method is improved and the estimation results are much more reasonable, which respect the law that glacier flows like a river with higher velocity in the middle and than that in the sides.

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Application of cross correlation to HREM images of surfaces

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100128080 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 754-755

Author(s):

D. E. Luzzi ◽

L. D. Marks ◽

M. I. Buckett

Keyword(s):

Cross Correlation ◽

A Priori ◽

Matrix Material ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Accurate Knowledge ◽

Complex Image ◽

Fourier Filtering ◽

The Matrix ◽

Low Pass ◽

Data Reduction Technique

As the HREM becomes increasingly used for the study of dynamic localized phenomena, the development of techniques to recover the desired information from a real image is important. Often, the important features are not strongly scattering in comparison to the matrix material in addition to being masked by statistical and amorphous noise. The desired information will usually involve the accurate knowledge of the position and intensity of the contrast. In order to decipher the desired information from a complex image, cross-correlation (xcf) techniques can be utilized. Unlike other image processing methods which rely on data massaging (e.g. high/low pass filtering or Fourier filtering), the cross-correlation method is a rigorous data reduction technique with no a priori assumptions.We have examined basic cross-correlation procedures using images of discrete gaussian peaks and have developed an iterative procedure to greatly enhance the capabilities of these techniques when the contrast from the peaks overlap.

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Fabrication and characterization - by High Resolution Electron Microscopy and atom probe microanalysis - of Co-based metallic multilayer films

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010017699x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 772-773

Author(s):

Amanda K. Petford-Long ◽

A. Cerezo ◽

M.G. Hetherington

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Resolution ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Atom Probe ◽

Multilayer Films ◽

Interface Roughness ◽

Probe Field ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Field Ion Microscope

The fabrication of multilayer films (MLF) with layer thicknesses down to one monolayer has led to the development of materials with unique properties not found in bulk materials. The properties of interest depend critically on the structure and composition of the films, with the interfacial regions between the layers being of particular importance. There are a number of magnetic MLF systems based on Co, several of which have potential applications as perpendicular magnetic (e.g Co/Cr) or magneto-optic (e.g. Co/Pt) recording media. Of particular concern are the effects of parameters such as crystallographic texture and interface roughness, which are determined by the fabrication conditions, on magnetic properties and structure.In this study we have fabricated Co-based MLF by UHV thermal evaporation in the prechamber of an atom probe field-ion microscope (AP). The multilayers were deposited simultaneously onto cobalt field-ion specimens (for AP and position-sensitive atom probe (POSAP) microanalysis without exposure to atmosphere) and onto the flat (001) surface of oxidised silicon wafers (for subsequent study in cross-section using high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) in a JEOL 4000EX. Deposi-tion was from W filaments loaded with material in the form of wire (Co, Fe, Ni, Pt and Au) or flakes (Cr). The base pressure in the chamber was around 8×10−8 torr during deposition with a typical deposition rate of 0.05 - 0.2nm/s.

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