scholarly journals Optimization of Salix Carbonation Solid Acid Catalysts for One-Step Synthesis by Response Surface Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1518
Author(s):  
Ping Lu ◽  
Kebing Wang ◽  
Juhui Gong
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
One Step

Salix carboniferous solid acid catalysts were successfully obtained via one-step carbonization and sulfonation of Salix psammophila in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, which was then used in the esterification reaction between oleic acid and methanol to prepare the biodiesel. The esterification rate of the catalyst obtained from the reaction indicated the catalytic performance of the catalyst. Afterwards, the recycling performance of the catalyst was optimized and characterized based on Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The catalyst performance was examined and optimized through the response surface method, and the catalyst was determined and characterized based on scanning electron microscope (SEM), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared analysis. The results suggested that the optimal preparation conditions were as follows: reaction temperature of 125 °C, reaction time of 102 min, solid–liquid ratio of 17 g/100 mL, standing time of 30 min, and the highest conversion level of 94.15%.

Highly efficient continuous-flow oxidative coupling of amines using promising nanoscale CeO2–M/SiO2 (M = MoO3 and WO3) solid acid catalysts

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (97) ◽  
pp. 95252-95262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolla Govinda Rao ◽  
Putla Sudarsanam ◽  
Baithy Mallesham ◽  
Benjaram M. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Coupling ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Highly Efficient

Nanoscale CeO2–MoO3/SiO2 solid acid shows an outstanding catalytic performance in the oxidative coupling of amines under industrially-favourable conditions.

The Effect of Rare Earth Modification on the Structure and Catalytic Performance of SO42-/ZrO2 Solid Acid Catalysts

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1375-1378
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Bao Hui Wang ◽  
Xue Sun ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Rare earth modified SO2-4/ZrO2 solid acid catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation and impregnation methods respectively. The properties of the samples were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). And their catalytic performances were evaluated and investigated by transesterification of waste oil with methanol. The results showed that the catalyst containing 4% Ce and calcined at 550°C displayed the highest production rate and the better reuse ability than the others. 63.5% yield of fatty acid methyl ester was achieved. An analysis of XRD patterns reveal that the incorporation of rare earth into tetragonal zirconia stabilizes the compound, and the calcination at 550°C increases the reactivity of the catalyst by producing a greater fraction of active tetragonal zirconia. It can be seen from the FT-IR spectra that superacids structures are formed in the catalysts and the acidity is strengthened remarkably and the activated centre of the catalyst were increasesed.

Halloysite nanotubes based heterogeneous solid acid catalysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 12897-12908
Author(s):  
Aman Mahajan ◽  
Princy Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Heterogeneous Solid ◽  
Excellent Catalytic Performance

Taking into account the excellent catalytic performance of halloysite nanotubes, the main focus of this review article is to unveil the research on halloysite nanotubes for the preparation of solid acids and their applications in acid catalysis.

One-step process to produce furfural from sugarcane bagasse over niobium-based solid acid catalysts in a water medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 106482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana N. Catrinck ◽  
Paula S. Barbosa ◽  
Helder R.O. Filho ◽  
Robson S. Monteiro ◽  
Márcio H.P. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Step Process ◽  
One Step

Response Surface Method in One Step Optimization of Methyl Esterification of Tung Oil and Contrastive Analysis with Two Step Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Wen Zhu Liu ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Ke Hua Tang ◽  
Xue Yan Hua
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Methyl Esterification ◽  
Tung Oil ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
One Step

With the conversion efficiency of tung oil methyl esterification as judgement index, univariate analysis for three main influencing factors, dosage of KOH and methanol, reaction time, were studied and optimized with response surface method to build a model in the one step methyl esterification of tung oil. Test and verify of this model were completed. The result showed that when dosage of KOH and methanol, time corresponded to 0.80g, 54.80g and 60min, the efficiency of tung oil methyl esterification was 94.52%. This result was only 4.72% lower than the predicted value from the model, which meant that the model was reliable to predict actual process. The efficiency of tung oil methyl esterification under two step process was 95.12%. There was little difference with one step process. But the total material cost of the optimized one step process was 1.76% less than that of the optimized two step process, and the reaction time was only need 1/4 that of two process. At the same time, operating process of one step was more simple and convenient. So, one step process for tung oil methyl esterification may be more cost-effective in industrial production.

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