scholarly journals Photoplethysmography-Based Continuous Systolic Blood Pressure Estimation Method for Low Processing Power Wearable Devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolandas Gircys ◽  
Agnius Liutkevicius ◽  
Egidijus Kazanavicius ◽  
Vita Lesauskaite ◽  
Gyte Damuleviciene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Wave Steepness ◽  
Processing Power

Regardless of age, it is always important to detect deviations in long-term blood pressure from normal levels. Continuous monitoring of blood pressure throughout the day is even more important for elderly people with cardiovascular diseases or a high risk of stroke. The traditional cuff-based method for blood pressure measurements is not suitable for continuous real-time applications and is very uncomfortable. To address this problem, continuous blood pressure measurement methods based on photoplethysmogram (PPG) have been developed. However, these methods use specialized high-performance hardware and sensors, which are not available for common users. This paper proposes the continuous systolic blood pressure (SBP) estimation method based on PPG pulse wave steepness for low processing power wearable devices and evaluates its suitability using the commercially available CMS50FW Pulse Oximeter. The SBP estimation is done based on the PPG pulse wave steepness (rising edge angle) because it is highly correlated with systolic blood pressure. The SBP estimation based on this single feature allows us to significantly reduce the amount of data processed and avoid errors, due to PPG pulse wave amplitude changes resulting from physiological or external factors. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed SBP estimation method allows the use of off-the-shelf wearable PPG measurement devices with a low sampling rate (up to 60 Hz) and low resolution (up to 8-bit) for precise SBP measurements (mean difference MD = −0.043 and standard deviation SD = 6.79). In contrast, the known methods for continuous SBP estimation are based on equipment with a much higher sampling rate and better resolution characteristics.

Relation Between Blood Pressure Estimated by Pulse Wave Velocity and Directly Measured Arterial Pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Inajima ◽  
◽  
Yasushi Imai ◽  
Masaki Shuzo ◽  
Guillaume Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Pressure Sensors

Hypertension is the strongest risk factor in cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases among the Japanese. Even daily variations in blood pressure may become a risk, and repeated blood pressure measurement is recommended. Conventional Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM), however,may cause discomfort to examinees because they have to have their arms compressed and carry the monitor itself. The number of ABPMmeasurements is limited to about 1 every 15–30 minutes. We therefore attempted, working with medical and engineering teams, to develop a wearable blood pressure sensor that would place less burden on examinees, be less influenced by physical movement, and be usable for continuous blood pressure measurement. We then examined the clinical practicality of the sensor. We modified the existing Moens-Korteweg blood-pressure equation and developed a new systolic blood pressure calculation system that used electrocardiography and ear-lobe pulse waves because the ear lobe would receive little influence from physical movement. We chose three clinical cases from among intensive care unit subjects. We not only estimated their blood pressure using the systemwe developed but also measured arterial pressure directly with an intravascular catheter to see how estimated blood pressure followed actual changes in blood pressure and to evaluate the accuracy of estimated blood pressure. When systolic blood pressure estimated by using the pulse wave velocity method was compared with direct blood pressure measurement, we found that the method captured trends in blood pressure variations correctly. The difference was within ±10 mmHgfor all of the cases. In a comparison using the Bland-Altman method for the three clinical cases, the average difference was –0.4 mmHg, –1.0 mmHg, and –1.7 mmHg and standard deviation was 4.2 mmHg, 4.8 mmHg, and 4.3 mmHg, respectively, which indicated good agreement. Introducing such wearable blood pressure sensors into daily medical practice gets detailed information on continuous blood pressure variation while examinees move freely and the resulting information is used for better quality control of adult diseases. It is also expected that wearable blood pressure sensors can be used in emergency medical cases, in intensive care, and at remote sites.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN HYDROTHERAPI RENDAM KAKI PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI BANJAR SRI MANDALA, KELURAHAN DAUHWARU KABUPATEN JEMBRANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
N.L.G. Sudaryati ◽  
I P. Sudiartawan ◽  
Dwi Mertha Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
First Category

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of giving hydrotherapi foot soak in hypertensive patients. The study was conducted with one group pretestposttest design without a control group by measuring blood pressure (pretest) before being given an intervention in the form of foot soak hydrotherm against 15 people with hypertension in Banjar Sri Mandala, Dauhwaru Village, Jembrana Subregency. Then do the blood pressure measurement again (posttest) after finishing the intervention. After the study was completed, the results showed that before the hydrotherapi foot bath intervention, there were 0% of patients classified as normal, 13.32% in prehypertension category, 60.08% in hypertension category I and 26.60% in hypertension category II. After the intervention was given, there were 13.32% of the patients classified as normal, 66.68% in the prehypertension category, 20.00% in the first category of hypertension and no patients belonging to the second grade hypertension category. There is a decrease of 20-30 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 0-10 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure after intervention. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the hydrotherapi foot bath is effectively used to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the Banjar Sri Mandala, Dauhwaru Village, Jembrana District.

scholarly journals Pulse wave velocity and central aortic pressure in systolic blood pressure intervention trial participants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e0203305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Supiano ◽  
Laura Lovato ◽  
Walter T. Ambrosius ◽  
Jeffrey Bates ◽  
Srinivasan Beddhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Central Aortic Pressure ◽  
Trial Participants

Feline blood pressure measurement: when is it needed?

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
Sarah Caney
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Target Organs

Systemic hypertension is a common disorder, primarily affecting older cats. Most cases are secondary to underlying medical conditions, such as chronic kidney disease. If left untreated, systemic hypertension has the potential to cause serious damage to certain target organs and can be fatal. Target organs include the nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes and kidneys. Target organ damage to the eyes is often pathognomonic and is detected on ophthalmological examination in up to 80% of cats with systemic hypertension. Blood pressure measurement is essential in confirming a diagnosis and should be prioritised in cats showing evidence of target organ damage. Blood pressure screening of apparently healthy older cats is justified, since the risk of hypertension increases with age. Systemic hypertension is diagnosed in cats with persistent elevation in their systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or higher. Stress and anxiety can cause a transient increase in systolic blood pressure so measurements should be collected in a manner that is as calm and ‘cat friendly’ as possible. In the presence of confirmed target organ damage, a single high systolic blood pressure reading confirms systemic hypertension. Where no target organ damage is detectable, evidence of elevated systolic blood pressure on two or more occasions is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Measuring Blood Pressure

Nursing OSCEs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Devis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Pressure Cuff ◽  
The Uk

Blood pressure measurements are one part of a circulatory assessment (Docherty and McCallum 2009). Treatments for raised or low blood pressure may be initiated or altered according to blood pressure readings; therefore correct measurement and interpretation of blood pressure is an important nursing skill. Blood pressure should be determined using a standardized technique in order to avoid discrepancies in measurement (Torrance and Serginson 1996). Both manual and automated sphygmomanometers may be used to monitor blood pressure. The manual auscultatory method of taking blood pressure is considered the gold standard (MRHA 2006), as automated monitoring can give false readings (Coe and Houghton 2002), and automated devices produced by different manufacturers may not give consistent figures (MRHA 2006). So, although automated sphygmomanometers are in common use within health care settings in the UK, the skill of taking blood pressure measurement manually is still required by nurses. As a fundamental nursing skill, blood pressure measurement, using manual and automated sphygmomanometers, and interpretation of findings are often assessed via an OSCE. Within this chapter revision of key areas will allow you to prepare thoroughly for your OSCE, in terms of practical skill and understanding of the procedure of taking blood pressure. Blood pressure is defined as the force exerted by blood against the walls of the vessels in which it is contained (Docherty and McCallum 2009). A blood pressure measurement uses two figures—the systolic and diastolic readings. The systolic reading is always the higher figure and represents the maximum pressure of blood against the artery wall during ventricular contraction. The diastolic reading represents the minimum pressure of the blood against the wall of the artery between ventricular contractions (Doughetry and Lister 2008). You will need to be able to accurately identify systolic and diastolic measurements during your OSCE. When a blood pressure cuff is applied to the upper arm and inflated above the level of systolic blood pressure no sounds will be detected when listening to the brachial artery with a stethoscope. The cuff clamps off blood supply. As the cuff is deflated a noise, which is usually a tapping sound, will be heard as the pressure equals the systolic blood pressure —this is the first Korotkoff ’s sound.

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