scholarly journals Efficiency of Melatonin as a Sedative for Auditory Brainstem Response in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Anass Chaouki ◽  
Zineb El Krimi ◽  
Amine Mkhatri ◽  
Oukessou Youssef ◽  
Sami Rouadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Pediatric Audiology ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction—Although auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing is among the most frequently used investigations in pediatric audiology and it often requires sedation or general anesthesia. In recent years, melatonin has been successfully used as an alternative way of inducing sleep, particularly in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electroencephalography (EEG). Purpose—To assess the effectiveness of orally administered melatonin as an alternative to sedation or general anesthesia during ABR testing. Method—In total, 33 children with suspected hearing loss underwent ABR tests in melatonin-induced sleep. Each patient received an initial dose of 5 mg, which was re-administered in case of failure to obtain sleep. Click-induced ABR tests were performed on both ears. Results—ABR tests were successfully performed in 72.7% of the patients. The average total length of time needed to obtain sleep and complete the ABR testing was 45 min. There was no significant difference between the patients who completed the examination and those who did not in terms of age or psychomotor development. There was a statistically significant association between receiving a maintenance dose and successful completion of the test (p < 0.001). There was also a significant connection between the degree of hearing loss and the success rate of the ABR tests (p < 0.001). Conclusions—Melatonin-induced sleep is a good and safer alternative to anesthesia to perform ABR testing in young children. It is easily administered, tolerated by the patients, and accepted by parents.

scholarly journals A Ten-Year Review of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response Testing at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center: Patient Demographics and Outcomes

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane C. Tipayno
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Speech Delay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

Objective: The study aims to present the clinical and demographic profile of subjects who have undergone Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center over a 10-year period. Methods: Design: Retrospective chart review             Setting: Tertiary children’s hospital Population: All patients referred for ABR testing from January 1996 to December 2005. Results: A total of 2783 cases were included in the study with 1.63:1 male-to-female ratio. Almost 50% belonged to the 2-to 5-year old age group. There were 111 different indications for referral, with speech and language disorders ranking first at 38%. Patients with Congenital Rubella had the highest incidence of pathologic ABR results with 90.62%. There was no significant difference in the degree of hearing loss between the pre-school (2-5 years old) and school age (>5 to 10 years old) group. Our patients who presented with speech delay had a much older average age of hearing loss detection by ABR compared to foreign studies. Conclusion: Speech and developmental delays were the leading causes for ABR referral across age groups with most belonging to the 2-to-5-year old age group.  There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of hearing loss between the preschool and school-age groups with speech delay. ABR in hearing screening of neonates and children constitutes only a small fraction of the total indications for ABR Testing at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center. Detection of hearing loss at an earlier age may reveal the true burden of illness and facilitate earlier intervention. Universal hearing screening should be performed for all newborns and not just for high risk infants.   Keywords: Hearing loss, Speech delay, Auditory Brainstem Response, ABR

The N3 potential and the efferent cochlear pathway in profound sensorineural hearing loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Abou-Elew ◽  
N A Hosni ◽  
E A Obaid ◽  
A H Ewida
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Potential Response ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential ◽  
Myogenic Potential ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the N3 potential (acoustically evoked short latency negative response) in profound sensorineural hearing loss, its association with the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential and the relationship between both potentials and loss of auditory function.Methods:Otological examinations of 66 ears from 50 patients aged from 4 to 36 years were performed, and the vestibular evoked myogenic potential and auditory brainstem response were measured.Results:The N3 potential was recorded in 36 out of 66 ears (55 per cent) and a vestibular evoked myogenic potential was recorded in 34 (52 per cent). The N3 potential was recorded in 23 out of 34 ears (68 per cent) with a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response and absent in 19 out of 32 ears (59 per cent) without a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response. The presence of an N3 potential was significantly associated with a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response (p = 0.028), but there was no significant difference in the latency or amplitude of the N3 potential in either the presence or absence of a vestibular evoked myogenic potential.Conclusion:The presence of an N3 potential in profound sensorineural hearing loss with good or poor vestibular function can be explained by the contribution of the efferent cochlear pathway through olivocochlear fibres that join the inferior vestibular nerve. This theory is supported by its early latency and reversed polarity, which is masked in normal hearing by auditory brainstem response waves.

Auditory Brainstem Response Testing in Neurodiagnosis: Structure versus Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy L. Peterein ◽  
J. Gail Neely
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Structural Abnormality ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Cochlear Hearing Loss ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

This case report describes a 44-yr-old female referred by an outside facility who presented with progressive hearing loss in her left ear. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results were normal, but a battery of audiological tests suggested neural hearing loss in the left ear. Following diagnosis of left neural hearing loss, the patient was successfully fit with a hearing aid on the left ear.This case report underlines the importance of using a battery of medical, radiologic, and audiological tests in the accurate determination of hearing loss site of lesion. Obvious retrocochlear dysfunction was revealed via auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing. MRI did not reveal underlying structural abnormality. Without the addition of the ABR to the diagnostic test battery, a cochlear hearing loss site of lesion would most likely have been diagnosed. Accurate diagnosis of hearing loss site of lesion is critical for patient counseling and treatment as well as for patient follow-up and monitoring.

scholarly journals Prevention of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in mice by in vivo Htra2 gene editing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Gu ◽  
Daqi Wang ◽  
Zhijiao Xu ◽  
Jinghan Wang ◽  
Luo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Brainstem Response

Abstract Background Aging, noise, infection, and ototoxic drugs are the major causes of human acquired sensorineural hearing loss, but treatment options are limited. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has tremendous potential to become a new therapeutic modality for acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we develop CRISPR/Cas9 strategies to prevent aminoglycoside-induced deafness, a common type of acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss, via disrupting the Htra2 gene in the inner ear which is involved in apoptosis but has not been investigated in cochlear hair cell protection. Results The results indicate that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of CRISPR/SpCas9 system ameliorates neomycin-induced apoptosis, promotes hair cell survival, and significantly improves hearing function in neomycin-treated mice. The protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/Cas9 system in vivo is sustained up to 8 weeks after neomycin exposure. For more efficient delivery of the whole CRISPR/Cas9 system, we also explore the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system to prevent neomycin-induced deafness. The in vivo editing efficiency of the SaCas9 system is 1.73% on average. We observed significant improvement in auditory brainstem response thresholds in the injected ears compared with the non-injected ears. At 4 weeks after neomycin exposure, the protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system is still obvious, with the improvement in auditory brainstem response threshold up to 50 dB at 8 kHz. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the safe and effective prevention of aminoglycoside-induced deafness via Htra2 gene editing and support further development of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the treatment of non-inherited hearing loss as well as other non-inherited diseases.

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