scholarly journals Ovarian Telomerase and Female Fertility

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Simon Toupance ◽  
Anne-Julie Fattet ◽  
Simon N. Thornton ◽  
Athanase Benetos ◽  
Jean-Louis Guéant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Fertility Disorders ◽  
Proliferation Ability ◽  
Telomere Homeostasis

Women’s fertility is characterized both quantitatively and qualitatively mainly by the pool of ovarian follicles. Monthly, gonadotropins cause an intense multiplication of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte. This step of follicular development requires a high proliferation ability for these cells. Telomere length plays a crucial role in the mitotic index of human cells. Hence, disrupting telomere homeostasis could directly affect women’s fertility. Strongly expressed in ovaries, telomerase is the most effective factor to limit telomeric attrition and preserve ovarian reserve. Considering these facts, two situations of infertility could be correlated with the length of telomeres and ovarian telomerase activity: PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which is associated with a high density of small antral follicles, and Premature Ovarian Failure (POF), which is associated with a premature decrease in ovarian reserve. Several authors have studied this topic, expecting to find long telomeres and strong telomerase activity in PCOS and short telomeres and low telomerase activity in POF patients. Although the results of these studies are contradictory, telomere length and the ovarian telomerase impact in women’s fertility disorders appear obvious. In this context, our research perspectives aimed to explore the stimulation of ovarian telomerase to limit the decrease in the follicular pool while avoiding an increase in cancer risk.

Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity in Immature Oocytes and Cumulus Cells of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana C. C. Pedroso ◽  
Viviane P. Santana ◽  
Flavia S. Donaires ◽  
Maria C. Picinato ◽  
Roberta C. Giorgenon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Immature Oocytes

scholarly journals Evaluating the Association of Ovarian Reserve with Age in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 004-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
SZ Uludag ◽  
MT Ozgun ◽  
M Dolanbay ◽  
O Altun ◽  
EM Aygen
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Impact of cancer treatment on risk of infertility and diminished ovarian reserve in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-525.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Shandley ◽  
Amy Fothergill ◽  
Jessica B. Spencer ◽  
Ann C. Mertens ◽  
Hanh N. Cottrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Diminished Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Fetal programming by androgen excess in rats affects ovarian fuel sensors and steroidogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Adriana Abruzzese ◽  
Maria Florencia Heber ◽  
Fiorella Campo Verde Arbocco ◽  
Silvana Rocio Ferreira ◽  
Alicia Beatriz Motta
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Programming ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
Main Factors

AbstractFetal programming by androgen excess is hypothesized as one of the main factors contributing to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is more than a reproductive disorder, as women with PCOS also show metabolic and other endocrine alterations. Since both ovarian and reproductive functions depend on energy balance, the alterations in metabolism may be related to reproductive alterations. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of androgen excess during prenatal life on ovarian fuel sensors and its consequences on steroidogenesis. To this end, pregnant rats were hyperandrogenized with testosterone and the following parameters were evaluated in their female offspring: follicular development, PPARG levels, adipokines (including leptin, adiponectin, and chemerin as ovarian fuel sensors), serum gonadotropins (LH and FSH), the mRNA of their ovarian receptors, and the expression of steroidogenic mediators. At 60 days of age, the prenatally hyperandrogenized (PH) female offspring displayed both an irregular ovulatory phenotype and an anovulatory phenotype with altered follicular development and the presence of cysts. Both PH groups showed altered levels of both proteins and mRNA of PPARG and a different expression pattern of the adipokines studied. Although serum gonadotropins were not impaired, there were alterations in the mRNA levels of their ovarian receptors. The steroidogenic mediators Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Cyp19a1 were altered differently in each of the PH groups. We concluded that androgen excess during prenatal life leads to developmental programming effects that affect ovarian fuel sensors and steroidogenesis in a phenotype-specific way.

scholarly journals Developmental programming: impact of prenatal testosterone treatment and postnatal obesity on ovarian follicular dynamics

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Padmanabhan ◽  
P. Smith ◽  
A. Veiga-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Prenatal Testosterone ◽  
Depletion Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Prenatal testosterone (T) excess leads to reproductive dysfunctions in sheep with obesity exaggerating such defects. Developmental studies found ovarian reserve is similar in control and prenatal T sheep at fetal day 140, with prenatal T females showing increased follicular recruitment and persistence at 10 months of age (postpubertal). This study tested whether prenatal T sheep show accelerated depletion prepubertally and whether depletion of ovarian reserve would explain loss of cyclicity in prenatal T females and its amplification by postnatal obesity. Stereological examinations were performed at 5 (prepubertal, control and prenatal T) and 21 months of age (control, prenatal T and prenatal T obese, following estrus synchronization). Obesity was induced by overfeeding from weaning. At 5 months, prenatal T females had 46% less primordial follicles than controls (P < 0.01), supportive of increased follicular depletion. Depletion rate was slower and a higher percentage of growing follicles was present in 21-month compared with 5-month-old prenatal T females (P < 0.01). Postnatal obesity did not exaggerate the impact of prenatal T on follicular recruitment indicating that compounding effects of obesity on loss of cyclicity females is not due to depletion of ovarian reserve. Assessment of follicular dynamics across several time points during the reproductive lifespan (this and earlier study combined) provides evidence supportive of a shift in follicular dynamics in prenatal T females from one of accelerated follicular depletion initiated before puberty to stockpiling of growing follicles after puberty, a time point critical in the development of the polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype.

scholarly journals Influence Of Different Methods Of Operative Treatment On Ovarian Reserve.

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Simrok ◽  
Simrok Starcheva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Operative Treatment ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Reserve Estimation ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Antral Follicles

This research paper presents the results of ovarian reserve estimation for 125 women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) who have undergone various methods of surgical treatment - resection of the ovaries, thermokauterisation and drilling by laser (Ho-Yag). Ovarian reserve was estimated according to the amount of antral follicles, level of follitropin and Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS), also named anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Blood flow in ovarian tissue was also examined after various methods of surgical treatment. The study has shown that the gentlest method of surgical treatment is drilling by Ho-Yag laser, which is least likely to injure the tissue of ovaries, and also this method is most effective in enhancing and preserving ovarian reserve.

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