scholarly journals Antithrombotic Agents and Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Bruno ◽  
Melania Dovizio ◽  
Stefania Tacconelli ◽  
Annalisa Contursi ◽  
Patrizia Ballerini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Tumor Escape ◽  
Antithrombotic Agents ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin

Platelet activation is the first response to tissue damage and, if unrestrained, may promote chronic inflammation-related cancer, mainly through the release of soluble factors and vesicles that are rich in genetic materials and proteins. Platelets also sustain cancer cell invasion and metastasis formation by fostering the development of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype, cancer cell survival in the bloodstream and arrest/extravasation at the endothelium. Furthermore, platelets contribute to tumor escape from immune elimination. These findings provide the rationale for the use of antithrombotic agents in the prevention of cancer development and the reduction of metastatic spread and mortality. Among them, low-dose aspirin has been extensively evaluated in both preclinical and clinical studies. The lines of evidence have been considered appropriate to recommend the use of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer by the USA. Preventive Services Task Force. However, two questions are still open: (i) the efficacy of aspirin as an anticancer agent shared by other antiplatelet agents, such as clopidogrel; (ii) the beneficial effect of aspirin improved at higher doses or by the co-administration of clopidogrel. This review discusses the latest updates regarding the mechanisms by which platelets promote cancer and the efficacy of antiplatelet agents.

Low-Dose Aspirin for Prevention of Morbidity and Mortality From Preeclampsia: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian T. Henderson ◽  
Evelyn P. Whitlock ◽  
Elizabeth O’Connor ◽  
Caitlyn A. Senger ◽  
Jamie H. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Preventive Services ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Evidence Review ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Cancer and platelet crosstalk: opportunities and challenges for aspirin and other antiplatelet agents

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (16) ◽  
pp. 1777-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Ruby Xu ◽  
George M. Yousef ◽  
Heyu Ni
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Abstract Platelets have long been recognized as key players in hemostasis and thrombosis; however, growing evidence suggests that they are also significantly involved in cancer, the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Preclinical and clinical studies showed that tumorigenesis and metastasis can be promoted by platelets through a wide variety of crosstalk between platelets and cancer cells. For example, cancer changes platelet behavior by directly inducing tumor-platelet aggregates, triggering platelet granule and extracellular vesicle release, altering platelet phenotype and platelet RNA profiles, and enhancing thrombopoiesis. Reciprocally, platelets reinforce tumor growth with proliferation signals, antiapoptotic effect, and angiogenic factors. Platelets also activate tumor invasion and sustain metastasis via inducing an invasive epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype of tumor cells, promoting tumor survival in circulation, tumor arrest at the endothelium, and extravasation. Furthermore, platelets assist tumors in evading immune destruction. Hence, cancer cells and platelets maintain a complex, bidirectional communication. Recently, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been recognized as a promising cancer-preventive agent. It is recommended at daily low dose by the US Preventive Services Task Force for primary prevention of colorectal cancer. The exact mechanisms of action of aspirin in chemoprevention are not very clear, but evidence has emerged that suggests a platelet-mediated effect. In this article, we will introduce how cancer changes platelets to be more cancer-friendly and highlight advances in the modes of action for aspirin in cancer prevention. We also discuss the opportunities, challenges, and opposing viewpoints on applying aspirin and other antiplatelet agents for cancer prevention and treatment.

More evidence for low-dose aspirin in preventing pre-eclampsia

2021 ◽  
pp. dtb-2021-000071
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Preventive Services ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
The Us

AbstractOverview of: Henderson JT, Vesco KK, Senger CA, et al. Aspirin use to prevent preeclampsia and related morbidity and mortality: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 2021;326:1192–1206.

Aspirin for the Prevention of Vascular Death in Women

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1530-1534
Author(s):  
Laura Engles McAnally ◽  
Carolyn R. Corn ◽  
Stephen F. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Vascular Death ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Review Current

OBJECTIVE: To review current information relevant to the use of aspirin for preventing vascular death in women, and to provide recommendations based on this information. DATA SOURCES: References from pertinent articles are identified throughout the text. DATA SYNTHESIS: Based on current information, low-dose aspirin is not recommended as primary prevention for cardiovascular death in women; efforts are better focused at promoting risk-factor reduction. Low-dose aspirin is recommended for reducing further cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women with known cardiovascular disease. Women presenting with unstable angina or myocardial infarction should receive aspirin 325 mg as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed, and this dosage should be continued on a chronic basis. Women who have experienced transient ischemic attacks or ischemic stroke should receive aspirin 1000 mg/d, with a subsequent dosage reduction to 325 mg/d in patients who do not tolerate the higher dose. CONCLUSIONS: Current recommendations are based on the results of studies that involved few women. Further investigation of antiplatelet agents for primary and secondary prevention of vascular death in women is needed.

scholarly journals Antiplatelet agents, carotid endarterectomy, and perioperative complications

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford B. Worrall ◽  
Karen C. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
High Dose Aspirin

Neurosurgeons are frequently involved in chosing an antiplatelet therapy for their patients in the perioperative period. New data obtained from the Aspirin and Carotid Endarterectomy (ACE) Trial suggest that low-dose aspirin is superior to high-dose aspirin therapy in reducing rates of perioperative stroke and death. The ACE-related data are reviewed, and the authors provide an update on current Food and Drug Administration–approved antiplatelet therapies for secondary stroke prevention, as well as a summary of antiplatelet therapies being developed.

Alert Issued on Low-Dose Aspirin + Ibuprofen

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH MECHCATIE
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin
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