scholarly journals Porosity Characterization of Cold Sprayed Stainless Steel Coating Using Three-Dimensional X-ray Microtomography

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Jérôme Adrien ◽  
Bernard Normand
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cold Spray ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Coating ◽  
Coating Morphology ◽  
Cold Gas Dynamic Spray ◽  
Gas Dynamic Spray ◽  
Non Destructive

Cold gas-dynamic spray (cold spray) is an evolving coating deposition and restoration technology in which particles are deposited above the sonic speed. This paper presents the non-destructive three-dimensional characterization of cold sprayed stainless steel coating. The visualization of coating morphology and volumetric porosity and the analyses of porosity size and spatial distributions confirmed that dense stainless steel coating with non-connected, micron-sized gradient porosity can be successfully produced by cold spray. The suitability of X-ray tomography for characterizing cold sprayed coatings was also assessed.

scholarly journals Porosity Characterization of Cold Sprayed Stainless Steel Coating Using Three-Dimensional X-ray Microtomography

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Jérôme Adrien ◽  
Bernard Normand
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cold Spray ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Coating ◽  
Coating Morphology ◽  
Cold Gas Dynamic Spray ◽  
Gas Dynamic Spray ◽  
Non Destructive

Cold gas-dynamic spray (cold spray) is an evolving coating deposition and restoration technology in which particles are deposited above the sonic speed. This paper presents the non-destructive three-dimensional characterization of cold sprayed stainless steel coating. The visualization of coating morphology and volumetric porosity, and the analyses of porosity size and spatial distributions confirmed that dense stainless steel coating with non-connected, micron-sized gradient porosity is successfully produced by cold spray. The suitability of X-ray tomography for characterizing cold sprayed coatings is assessed.

Characterization of Cold Spray Titanium Deposits by X-Ray Microscopy and Microtomography

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saden H. Zahiri ◽  
Sheridan C. Mayo, ◽  
Mahnaz Jahedi
Keyword(s):  
Cold Spray ◽  
Commercial Purity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cold Gas Dynamic Spray ◽  
Gas Dynamic Spray ◽  
Titanium Structure ◽  
Porosity Measurements ◽  
Deposition Technology ◽  
Unique Capability

AbstractCold gas dynamic spray (cold spray) is a rapid deposition technology in which particles deposit at velocities above the speed of sound (∼340 ms−1). Generally, porosity forms in cold spray deposits due to insufficient deformation of particles. In this study, the unique capability of the X-ray microscopy and microtomography is utilized to visualize the internal structure of deposited material. The results show that this characterization technique successfully reveals porosities in the cold spray commercial purity (CP) titanium structure. Furthermore, microtomography images confirmed the experimental results for porosity measurements in which helium (compared with nitrogen) as carrier gas significantly decreases porosity in cold spray CP titanium.

scholarly journals Non-destructive Micro-structural Characterization of Metallic Specimens with a Portable X-ray Diffraction based Residual Stress Analyzer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ganesh ◽  
D. C. Nagpure ◽  
Rakesh Kaul ◽  
R. K. Gupta ◽  
L. M. Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Crystallographic Texture ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Surface Microstructure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive characterization of surface microstructure of an engineering component is an important parameter to assess its fitness to function in the given service conditions. The paper describes various case studies performed in authors’ laboratory involving use of portable X-ray diffraction based residual stress analysis system to examine and understand the micro-structural state of the investigated surface. A significant decrease in full width at half maximum (FWHM) of gamma(311) diffraction peak from about 4.2° in the cold worked state to about 2.5° in the annealed/surface melted state was recorded for austenitic stainless steel. In case of 0.4% carbon steel there is sharp increase in FWHM of alpha(211) diffraction peak from about 2° in the as received condition to about 5-6° in the laser hardened condition. Crystallographic texture developed during electro-plating of chromium on stainless steel, could be detected from the strong intensity of alpha (211) peak of chromium at about 19° to the surface normal with respect to all other X-ray inclination angles (ѱ) during residual stress measurement. The results show that FWHM and intensity variation of the diffraction peak are two sensitive parameters for characterization of surface microstructure. Change in FWHM has been used to detect machining-induced cold deformation and evolution of re-crystallized grains in austenitic stainless steel and formation of hard martensite in laser transformation hardened ferritic steel. Variation in the intensity of diffracted peak with respect to X-ray inclination angle provided valuable information regarding crystallographic texture in hard chrome plated deposits.

Three Dimensional Characterization of Grain Structures by EBSP and 3DXRD

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 751-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofer Hannesson ◽  
Dorte Juul Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polycrystalline Materials ◽  
Serial Sectioning ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Structures ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Grain Structures ◽  
Non Destructive

Grain structures in polycrystalline materials are typically three dimensional (3D) structures, but by far the most characterizations of grain structures are done by microscopy and are thus limited to 2D. In the present work 3D grain structures in a well-annealed cylindrical aluminium (AA1050) sample is characterized and analyzed. The characterization is done by 2 methods i) by non-destructive 3-dimensional x-ray diffraction (3DXRD) ii) by serial sectioning and subsequent EBSP mapping of entire circular 2D sample sections; 50 sections are mapped In total 333 grains are reconstructed. It is found that the 3D grain morphologies can be quite complex in particular for the larger grains, the number of neighbours varies significantly and values above 20 are not unusual. When the results from the 2 methods are compared, it is found that the crystallographic agreement is very good and within experimental uncertainties. Slightly more significant differences are found when the reconstructed grain morphologies are compared. Reasons for this are discussed.

New horizons for the structural characterization of stainless steel slags by X-ray powder diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (suppl_26) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Peplinski ◽  
B. Adamczyk ◽  
G. Kley ◽  
K. Adam ◽  
F. Emmerling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Horizons
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