scholarly journals Plant Invasion Has Limited Impact on Soil Microbial α-Diversity: A Meta-Analysis

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Gordon F. Custer ◽  
Linda T. A. van Diepen
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Plant Invasion ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Α Diversity

Plant invasion has proven to be a significant driver of ecosystem change, and with the increased probability of invasion due to globalization, agricultural practices and other anthropogenic causes, it is crucial to understand its impact across multiple trophic levels. With strong linkages between above and belowground processes, the response of soil microorganisms to plant invasion is the next logical step in developing our conceptual understanding of this complex system. In our study, we utilized a meta-analytical approach to better understand the impacts of plant invasion on soil microbial diversity. We synthesized 70 independent studies with 23 unique invaders across multiple ecosystem types to search for generalizable trends in soil microbial α-diversity following invasion. When possible, soil nutrient metrics were also collected in an attempt to understand the contribution of nutrient status shifts on microbial α-diversity. Our results show plant invasion to have highly heterogenous and limited impacts on microbial α-diversity. When taken together, our study indicates soil microbial α-diversity to remain constant following invasion, contrary to the aboveground counterparts. As our results suggest a decoupling in patterns of below and aboveground diversity, future work is needed to examine the drivers of microbial diversity patterns following invasion.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of the effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil microbial diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Bebber ◽  
Victoria R. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Fertilizer Regimes ◽  
Diversity Metrics

ABSTRACTThe Green Revolution of agriculture was in part driven by application of synthetic mineral fertilizers, largely supplanting organic manure as a source of the major nutrients nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (NPK). Though enhancing crop production and global food security, fertilizers have contributed to soil acidification, eutrophication of water bodies, and greenhouse gas emissions. Organic agriculture, employing manures or composts, has been proposed as a way of mitigating these undesirable effects. Of particular interest is the effect of fertilizer regime on soil microbes, which are key to nutrient cycling, plant health and soil structure. Meta-analyses of experimental studies indicate that mineral fertilizer increases soil microbial biomass over unfertilized controls, and that organic fertilizers increase microbial biomass and activity over mineral fertilizers. However, the effect of fertilizers on soil microbial diversity remains poorly understood. Since biological diversity is an important determinant of ecosystem function and a fundamental metric in community ecology, the effects of fertilizer regimes on soil microbial diversity are of theoretical and applied interest. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis of 31 studies reporting microbial diversity metrics in mineral fertilized (NPK), organically fertilized (ORG) and unfertilized control (CON) soils. Of these studies, 26 reported taxonomic diversity derived from sequencing, gradient gel electrophoresis, RFLP, or dilution plate assay. Functional diversity, derived from Biolog Ecoplate™ measures of carbon substrate metabolism, was reported in 8 studies, with 3 studies reporting both diversity metrics. We found that functional diversity was on average 2.6 % greater in NPK compared with CON, 6.8 % greater in ORG vs CON and 3.6 % greater in ORG vs NPK. Prokaryote taxonomic diversity was not significantly different between NPK and CON, 4.2 % greater in ORG vs CON and 4.6 % greater in ORG vs. NPK. Fungal taxonomic diversity was not significantly different between NPK or ORG vs CON, but 5.4 % lower between ORG and NPK. There was very high residual heterogeneity in all meta-analyses of soil diversity, suggesting that a large amount of further research with detailed analysis of soil properties is required to fully understand the influence of fertilizer regimes on microbial diversity and ecosystem function.

The impact of crop rotation on soil microbial diversity: A meta-analysis

Pedobiologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zander Samuel Venter ◽  
Karin Jacobs ◽  
Heidi-Jayne Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Do Bioinoculants Affect Resident Microbial Communities? A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Cornell ◽  
Vasilis Kokkoris ◽  
Andrew Richards ◽  
Christina Horst ◽  
Daniel Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

There is a global industry built upon the production of “bioinoculants,” which include both bacteria and fungi. The recent increase in bioinoculant uptake by land users coincides with a drive for more sustainable land use practices. But are bioinoculants sustainable? These microbes are believed to improve plant performance, but knowledge of their effect on resident microbial communities is scant. Without a clear understanding of how they affect soil microbial communities (SMC), their utility is unclear. To assess how different inoculation practices may affect bioinoculant effects on SMC, we surveyed the existing literature. Our results show that bioinoculants significantly affect soil microbial diversity and that these effects are mediated by inoculant type, diversity, and disturbance regime. Further, these changes to soil microbes affect plant outcomes. Knowledge that these products may influence crop performance indirectly through changes to soil microbial diversity attests to the importance of considering the soil microbiome when assessing both bioinoculant efficacy and threats to soil ecosystems.

scholarly journals Improvement of Soil Microbial Diversity through Sustainable Agricultural Practices and Its Evaluation by -Omics Approaches: A Perspective for the Environment, Food Quality and Human Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1400
Author(s):  
Marta Bertola ◽  
Andrea Ferrarini ◽  
Giovanna Visioli
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Soil Microbial

Soil is one of the key elements for supporting life on Earth. It delivers multiple ecosystem services, which are provided by soil processes and functions performed by soil biodiversity. In particular, soil microbiome is one of the fundamental components in the sustainment of plant biomass production and plant health. Both targeted and untargeted management of soil microbial communities appear to be promising in the sustainable improvement of food crop yield, its nutritional quality and safety. –Omics approaches, which allow the assessment of microbial phylogenetic diversity and functional information, have increasingly been used in recent years to study changes in soil microbial diversity caused by agronomic practices and environmental factors. The application of these high-throughput technologies to the study of soil microbial diversity, plant health and the quality of derived raw materials will help strengthen the link between soil well-being, food quality, food safety and human health.

scholarly journals Soil microbial diversity–biomass relationships are driven by soil carbon content across global biomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Bastida ◽  
David J. Eldridge ◽  
Carlos García ◽  
G. Kenny Png ◽  
Richard D. Bardgett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biomass Ratio

AbstractThe relationship between biodiversity and biomass has been a long standing debate in ecology. Soil biodiversity and biomass are essential drivers of ecosystem functions. However, unlike plant communities, little is known about how the diversity and biomass of soil microbial communities are interlinked across globally distributed biomes, and how variations in this relationship influence ecosystem function. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a field survey across global biomes, with contrasting vegetation and climate types. We show that soil carbon (C) content is associated to the microbial diversity–biomass relationship and ratio in soils across global biomes. This ratio provides an integrative index to identify those locations on Earth wherein diversity is much higher compared with biomass and vice versa. The soil microbial diversity-to-biomass ratio peaks in arid environments with low C content, and is very low in C-rich cold environments. Our study further advances that the reductions in soil C content associated with land use intensification and climate change could cause dramatic shifts in the microbial diversity-biomass ratio, with potential consequences for broad soil processes.

Forage taste agents modifying yak grazing decrease soil microbial diversity in alpine meadow

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 104160
Author(s):  
Yang You ◽  
Jingfei Ren ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Zhouwen Ma ◽  
Yongchao Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document