scholarly journals Modeling Regulatory Threshold Levels for Pesticides in Surface Waters from Effect Databases

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Lara Petschick ◽  
Sascha Bub ◽  
Jakob Wolfram ◽  
Sebastian Stehle ◽  
Ralf Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Validity Criteria ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effect

Regulatory threshold levels (RTL) represent robust benchmarks for assessing risks of pesticides, e.g., in surface waters. However, comprehensive scientific risk evaluations comparing RTL to measured environmental concentrations (MEC) of pesticides in surface waters were yet restricted to a low number of pesticides, as RTL are only available after extensive review of regulatory documents. Thus, the aim of the present study was to model RTL equivalents (RTLe) for aquatic organisms from publicly accessible ecotoxicological effect databases. We developed a model that applies validity criteria in accordance with official US EPA review guidelines and validated the model against a set of manually retrieved RTL (n = 49). Model application yielded 1283 RTLe (n = 676 for pesticides, plus 607 additional RTLe for other use types). In a case study, the usability of RTLe was demonstrated for a set of 27 insecticides by comparing RTLe and RTL exceedance rates for 3001 MEC from US surface waters. The provided dataset enables thorough risk assessments of surface water exposure data for a comprehensive number of substances. Especially regions without established pesticide regulations may benefit from this dataset by using it as a baseline information for pesticide risk assessment and for the identification of priority substances or potential high-risk regions.

scholarly journals Leaching behavior and ecotoxicological effects of different game shot materials in freshwater

2018 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Fäth ◽  
Mona Feiner ◽  
Sebastian Beggel ◽  
Jürgen Geist ◽  
Axel Göttlein
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Metal Release ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Effect Assessment ◽  
Ecotoxicological Risk ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effect ◽  
Main Components

Lead-based game shot used in hunting near waters is considered a main reason for lead-poisoning of waterfowl and aquatic organisms, prompting discussion about alternatives. This study provides a first comparison of the leaching behavior and resulting ecotoxicological impacts of shot exposed to freshwater, comprising lead-based and alternative shots containing bismuth, copper, steel, tungsten, and zinc. Ecotoxicological effect assessment was based on the acuteDaphnia magna48 h toxicity test according to the EN ISO 6341:2012 guideline. Strong leaching of copper (up to 4.22 μmol/L) and zinc (up to 41.12 μmol/L) from three types of alternative game shot caused significantly increased immobilization rates of up to 100%. In contrast, even the highest leaching of lead did not significantly impairDaphniamobility. Highest concentrations of dissolved metal ions only matched the declared main components of the respective shots in 3 out of 9 cases. These results demonstrate that metal release from alternative game shot is an underestimated ecotoxicological risk, particularly since release of copper and zinc from alternative shots was demonstrated to be more hazardous for aquatic biota than conventional lead shot. There is an urgent need of managing the use of shot ammunition near waterbodies based on realistic ecotoxicological risk assessments.

Collection and Dissemination of Exposure Data Throughout the Chemical Value Chain: A Case Study from a Global Consumer Product Industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 999-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Sanderson ◽  
William Greggs ◽  
Christina Cowan-Ellsberry ◽  
Paul DeLeo ◽  
Richard Sedlak
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Consumer Product ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Product Industry

Investment Risk Assessments of BOT Project – A case study of Yamay Resort

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 261-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Pao Tsai ◽  
Nai-Hsin Pan ◽  
Bor-Ming Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Bot Project

Nutrient losses to surface waters in Hai He basin: A case study of Guanting reservoir and Baiyangdian lake

2019 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Maryna Strokal ◽  
Carolien Kroeze ◽  
Mengru Wang ◽  
Jingfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Baiyangdian Lake ◽  
Guanting Reservoir

Evaluation of Sources of Uncertainty in Risk Assessments Conducted for the US Army Using a Case Study Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine von Stackelberg ◽  
Donna Vorhees ◽  
Dwayne Moore ◽  
Jerome Cura ◽  
Todd Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Us

Water reclamation and reuse criteria in the U.S.

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 451-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Crook ◽  
Rao Y. Surampalli
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The U.S

Increasing demands on water resources for domestic, commercial, industrial, and agricultural purposes have made water reclamation and reuse an attractive option for conserving and extending available water supplies. Also, many water reuse projects are implemented to eliminate a source of contamination in surface waters or as a least-cost alternative to meeting stringent discharge requirements. Reclaimed water applications range from pasture irrigation to augmentation of potable water supplies. Water reclamation and reuse criteria are principally directed at health protection. There are no federal regulations governing water reuse in the U.S.; hence, the regulatory burden rests with the individual states. This has resulted in differing standards among states that have developed criteria. This paper summarizes and compares the criteria from some states that have developed comprehensive regulations. Guidelines published by the US. EPA and the rationale behind them are presented for numerous types of reclaimed water applications.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Surface Waters and Wastewaters by Traditional and Ecotoxicological Indicators in Ogosta River, Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Galina Yotova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Lazarova ◽  
Veronika Mihaylova ◽  
Tony Venelinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effect ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Surface water samples in Ogosta River, Bulgaria and wastewater samples at the inlet and outlet of WWTP–Montana were tested for the traditional parameters and ecotoxicological effect. The river and Dam surface waters comply with category A1 of Directive 75/440/EEC for pH, EC, COD, TSS, NO3–, Cl–, SO42–, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V and Zn; with category A2 for BOD5, NH4+–N and Fe; and with category A3 for TNb and As. The average annual concentrations of Al, Cr (III), Cr (VI) and U are lower than the set limits in the Water Framework Directive. Arsenic concentration in all the samples exceeds the maximum allowed concentration, a results from natural processes. All the levels of the studied parameters in the outlet wastewater samples are lower than the limits, set in Directive 91/271/EEC and in the complex permit of the WWTP. The results of the biotest Phytotoxkit F™ show low ecotoxicity of the water samples. Optimization of the sample pretreatment prior to this ecotoxicological test is analyzed and discussed.

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