scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Surface Waters and Wastewaters by Traditional and Ecotoxicological Indicators in Ogosta River, Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Galina Yotova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Lazarova ◽  
Veronika Mihaylova ◽  
Tony Venelinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effect ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Surface water samples in Ogosta River, Bulgaria and wastewater samples at the inlet and outlet of WWTP–Montana were tested for the traditional parameters and ecotoxicological effect. The river and Dam surface waters comply with category A1 of Directive 75/440/EEC for pH, EC, COD, TSS, NO3–, Cl–, SO42–, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V and Zn; with category A2 for BOD5, NH4+–N and Fe; and with category A3 for TNb and As. The average annual concentrations of Al, Cr (III), Cr (VI) and U are lower than the set limits in the Water Framework Directive. Arsenic concentration in all the samples exceeds the maximum allowed concentration, a results from natural processes. All the levels of the studied parameters in the outlet wastewater samples are lower than the limits, set in Directive 91/271/EEC and in the complex permit of the WWTP. The results of the biotest Phytotoxkit F™ show low ecotoxicity of the water samples. Optimization of the sample pretreatment prior to this ecotoxicological test is analyzed and discussed.

scholarly journals HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN ABU-ZAABAL AREA, EASTERN NILE DELTA, EGYPT

2021 ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
RAGAA EL-SHEIKH ◽  
IBRAHIM HEGAZY ◽  
EHAB ZAGHLOOL ◽  
MOHAMED E. A. ALI ◽  
AYMAN A. GOUDA
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Objective: The study presents simple tools for water resources quality classification based on its chemical compositions in Abu Zaabal area, eastern Nile Delta, Egypt and assess the water quality for different uses. Methods: 31 water samples were collected from different water resources in the study area and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Hydrochemical relations, contour maps and statistical methods were used to estimate the contamination indices and evaluate the water resources for different purposes. Results: 83.3% of groundwater samples is fresh water and 16.7% are brackish water. 85.7% of surface water samples are fresh and 14.3% is saline. 92% of groundwater samples and 71.5% of surface water samples are very hard water. According to HPI values, 8% of the quaternary groundwater samples are good, 4% are poor, 4% are very poor and 84% of the samples are unsuitable. All groundwater samples and 71% of surface water samples are contaminated with respect to ammonia. Conclusion: Higher concentrations of TDS and heavy metal may be due to the clay nature of the soil, the marine sediments in the aquifer matrix together with the dissolution and leaching of minerals from agricultural, anthropogenic and industrial activities. The groundwater in the polluted zones is considered unsuitable for human drinking.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical attributes of water of Hakaluki Haor, Sylhet, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Md Tajul Islam ◽  
M Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Hassan Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Water quality assessment has been carried out in the Hakaluki Haor of greater Sylhet district during May, 2013 to February, 2014. Water samples were collected from 5 spots during 4 seasons and a total of 15 physico-chemical parameters were studied. Significant seasonal variation was observed in all seasons among physico-chemical parameters. pH values varied from 5.9 - 7.1, water temperature varied from 23.7 – 26.7OC, transference varied from 23-53 cm, TSS varied from 18.1-192 mg/l, TDS varied 25-193.5 mg/l, EC varied from 30-680 ?s/cm , DO content of water varied from 4.6 - 5.6mg/l, BOD varied from 0.2-2.614 mg/l, COD varied from 38-312 mg/l, NO3-N varied from 0.1-30.4 mg/l, NH3 varied from 0.9-2.18 mg/l, alkalinity varied from 12-42 mg/l and PO4 varied from 0.9 -13.4 (mg/l). Agricultural and inorganic pollutants have been observed as the main causes of the Haor water pollution.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 67-72, 2014 (December)

scholarly journals QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE WATERS AT ASPROLAKKAS RIVER BASIN, N.E. CHALKIDIKI, GREECE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1737
Author(s):  
E. Kelepertzis ◽  
A. Argyraki ◽  
E. Daftsis ◽  
D. Ballas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Water Samples

The present study reports on a four sampling period (April 2008-July 2008-November 2008-February 2009) study of water quality in streams of NE Chalkidiki. A total of 80 surface water samples were collected and analysed for the major ions Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl- , HCO3 - , SO4 2-, NO3 - and the trace elements Pb, Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn and As. Also pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Temperature, as well as the stream water discharge at each sampling point, were determined in the field. The treatment and the subsequent evaluation of the data showed that the water samples are divided into three separate groups, reflecting the chemistry of water in the three sub-basins of the area i.e., Kokkinolakkas, Kerasia and Piavitsa. The water of the first one is possibly affected by the past mining activities of the area, whereas samples from the other two reflect the influence of sulphide mineralization on the hydrogeochemistry of the corresponding streams. No effect of the seasonal differentiation of stream water discharge was observed.

Microbiological Monitoring for Water-Quality Assessment

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
PHILLIP E. GREESON
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Microbiological Monitoring ◽  
Weakest Link ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Sediment Mixture

The weakest link in the chain of events leading to production of reliable microbiological-monitoring data is a poor or indequate sample. This results primarily from diversity of environmental conditions from which a sample must be collected. In surface waters affinity of microbiological organisms for suspended particles necessitates that sampling procedures be designed to collect a representative sample of the water-sediment mixture. The key problem and the challenge to microbiological monitoring is production of a sterilizable, depth-integrating sampler that will accommodate the disparity of sediment distribution as related to variations in depth and cross-section and the changes in streamflow. Until such a sampler has been designed, tested, and made readily available, the data produced in microbiological-monitoring programs involving surface waters can be considered of questionable accuracy, regardless of the notable advances that are taking place in the state-of-the-art of analytical procedures.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Sirsiya River

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binod Prasad Shah ◽  
Bhoj R Pant
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Industrial Corridor

The parameters such as temperature, PH, TSS, TDS, ammonia, phenol, cyanide, sulfide, oil and grease, chloride, DO, COD and BOD were taken to assess the water quality of Sirsiya river, central southern Nepal. Water samples were collected from upstream to downstream from the point receiving industrial effluent to Sirsiya river. It receives wastewater burden of more than 250 industries along Bara/Parsa industrial corridor. All the parameters except oil and grease were found within the generic standard. The study revealed that the physic-chemical characteristic of the river water was changing as a result of the discharge of untreated effluents from different industries. This may impact on water quality of Sirsiya river and also pose human health problems. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 141-146 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7727

scholarly journals Chemical pollution imposes limitations to the ecological status of European surface waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Posthuma ◽  
Michiel C. Zijp ◽  
Dick De Zwart ◽  
Dik Van de Meent ◽  
Lidija Globevnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Applied Ecology ◽  
Good Ecological Status

Abstract Aquatic ecosystems are affected by man-made pressures, often causing combined impacts. The analysis of the impacts of chemical pollution is however commonly separate from that of other pressures and their impacts. This evolved from differences in the data available for applied ecology vis-à-vis applied ecotoxicology, which are field gradients and laboratory toxicity tests, respectively. With this study, we demonstrate that the current approach of chemical impact assessment, consisting of comparing measured concentrations to protective environmental quality standards for individual chemicals, is not optimal. In reply, and preparing for a method that would enable the comprehensive assessment and management of water quality pressures, we evaluate various quantitative chemical pollution pressure metrics for mixtures of chemicals in a case study with 24 priority substances of Europe-wide concern. We demonstrate why current methods are sub-optimal for water quality management prioritization and that chemical pollution currently imposes limitations to the ecological status of European surface waters. We discuss why management efforts may currently fail to restore a good ecological status, given that to date only 0.2% of the compounds in trade are considered in European water quality assessment and management.

scholarly journals Concentration and Detection of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Surface Water Samples by Method 1622 Using Ultrafiltration and Capsule Filtration

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1123-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto D. Simmons ◽  
Mark D. Sobsey ◽  
Christopher D. Heaney ◽  
Frank W. Schaefer ◽  
Donna S. Francy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Surface Water Samples

ABSTRACT The protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvumis known to occur widely in both source and drinking water and has caused waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis. To improve monitoring, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency developed method 1622 for isolation and detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water. Method 1622 is performance based and involves filtration, concentration, immunomagnetic separation, fluorescent-antibody staining and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counterstaining, and microscopic evaluation. The capsule filter system currently recommended for method 1622 was compared to a hollow-fiber ultrafilter system for primary concentration of C. parvum oocysts in seeded reagent water and untreated surface waters. Samples were otherwise processed according to method 1622. Rates of C. parvumoocyst recovery from seeded 10-liter volumes of reagent water in precision and recovery experiments with filter pairs were 42% (standard deviation [SD], 24%) and 46% (SD, 18%) for hollow-fiber ultrafilters and capsule filters, respectively. Mean oocyst recovery rates in experiments testing both filters on seeded surface water samples were 42% (SD, 27%) and 15% (SD, 12%) for hollow-fiber ultrafilters and capsule filters, respectively. Although C. parvum oocysts were recovered from surface waters by using the approved filter of method 1622, the recovery rates were significantly lower and more variable than those from reagent grade water. In contrast, the disposable hollow-fiber ultrafilter system was compatible with subsequent method 1622 processing steps, and it recovered C. parvum oocysts from seeded surface waters with significantly greater efficiency and reliability than the filter suggested for use in the version of method 1622 tested.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Pharmaceuticals and their Transformation Products in Luxembourgish Surface Waters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randolph Singh ◽  
Adelene Lai ◽  
Jessy Krier ◽  
Todor Kondić ◽  
Philippe Diderich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Data Files ◽  
Surface Water Samples

<p>This pre-print describes the analysis of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in surface water samples collected in Luxembourg from 2019 to 2020. Details of the experimental and computational tools and workflows used are fully described in the manuscript. Links to the suspect lists, codes used, and data files are also provided.</p>

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