scholarly journals Coupled Electrochemical-Thermal Simulations and Validation of Minichannel Cold-Plate Water-Cooled Prismatic 20 Ah LiFePO4 Battery

Electrochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-663
Author(s):  
Chaithanya Akkaldevi ◽  
Sandeep Dattu Chitta ◽  
Jeevan Jaidi ◽  
Satyam Panchal ◽  
Michael Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Voltage Response ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Lifepo4 Battery ◽  
Thermal Simulations

This paper discusses the quantitative validation carried out on a prismatic 20 Ah LiFePO4 battery sandwiched between two minichannel cold-plates with distributed flow having a single U-turn. A two-way coupled electrochemical-thermal simulations are performed at different discharge rates (1–4 C) and coolant inlet temperatures (15–35 °C). The predicted battery voltage response at room temperature (22 °C) and the performance of the Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) in terms of the battery surface temperatures (maximum temperature, Tmax and temperature difference, ΔT) have been analyzed. Additionally, temperature variation at ten different locations on the battery surface is studied during the discharge process. The predicted temperatures are compared with the measured data and found to be in close agreement. Differences between the predicted and measured temperatures are attributed to the assumption of uniform heat generation by the Li-ion model (P2D), the accuracy of electrochemical property input data, and the accuracy of the measuring tools used. Overall, it is suggested that the Li-ion model can be used to design the efficient BTMS at the cell level.

scholarly journals Thermal Performance of a Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Module Cooled by Two-Phase Refrigerant Circulation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8094
Author(s):  
Bichao Lin ◽  
Jiwen Cen ◽  
Fangming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Module

It is important for the safety and good performance of a Li-ion battery module/pack to have an efficient thermal management system. In this paper, a battery thermal management system with a two-phase refrigerant circulated by a pump was developed. A battery module consisting of 240 18650-type Li-ion batteries was fabricated based on a finned-tube heat-exchanger structure. This structural design offers the potential to reduce the weight of the battery thermal management system. The cooling performance of the battery module was experimentally studied under different charge/discharge C-rates and with different refrigerant circulation pump operation frequencies. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the cooling system. It was found that the refrigerant-based battery thermal management system could maintain the battery module maximum temperature under 38 °C and the temperature non-uniformity within 2.5 °C for the various operation conditions considered. The experimental results with 0.5 C charging and a US06 drive cycle showed that the thermal management system could reduce the maximum temperature difference in the battery module from an initial value of 4.5 °C to 2.6 °C, and from the initial 1.3 °C to 1.1 °C, respectively. In addition, the variable pump frequency mode was found to be effective at controlling the battery module, functioning at a desirable constant temperature and at the same time minimizing the pump work consumption.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Applicability of Helium-Based Cooling System for Li-Ion Batteries

Electrochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alipour ◽  
Aliakbar Hassanpouryouzband ◽  
Riza Kizilel
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Inlet Flow Rate ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Li Ion

This paper proposes a novel He-based cooling system for the Li-ion batteries (LIBs) used in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The proposed system offers a novel alternative battery thermal management system with promising properties in terms of safety, simplicity, and efficiency. A 3D multilayer coupled electrochemical-thermal model is used to simulate the thermal behavior of the 20 Ah LiFePO4 (LFP) cells. Based on the results, He gas, compared to air, effectively diminishes the maximum temperature rise and temperature gradient on the cell surface and offers a viable option for the thermal management of Li-ion batteries. For instance, in comparison with air, He gas offers 1.18 and 2.29 °C better cooling at flow rates of 2.5 and 7.5 L/min, respectively. The cooling design is optimized in terms of the battery’s temperature uniformity and the battery’s maximum temperature. In this regard, the effects of various parameters such as inlet diameter, flow direction, and inlet flow rate are investigated. The inlet flow rate has a more evident influence on the cooling efficiency than inlet/outlet diameter and flow direction. The possibility of using helium as a cooling fluid is shown to open new doors in the subject matter of an effective battery thermal management system.

scholarly journals Hybrid Battery Thermal Management System in Electrical Vehicles: A Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6257
Author(s):  
Chunyu Zhao ◽  
Beile Zhang ◽  
Yuanming Zheng ◽  
Shunyuan Huang ◽  
Tongtong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Forced Air

The Li-ion battery is of paramount importance to electric vehicles (EVs). Propelled by the rapid growth of the EV industry, the performance of the battery is continuously improving. However, Li-ion batteries are susceptible to the working temperature and only obtain the optimal performance within an acceptable temperature range. Therefore, a battery thermal management system (BTMS) is required to ensure EVs’ safe operation. There are various basic methods for BTMS, including forced-air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material (PCM), heat pipe (HP), thermoelectric cooling (TEC), etc. Every method has its unique application condition and characteristic. Furthermore, based on basic BTMS, more hybrid cooling methods adopting different basic methods are being designed to meet EVs’ requirements. In this work, the hybrid BTMS, as a more reliable and environmentally friendly method for the EVs, will be compared with basic BTMS to reveal its advantages and potential. By analyzing its cost, efficiency and other aspects, the evaluation criterion and design suggestions are put forward to guide the future development of BTMS.

Battery Thermal Management System Design: Role of Influence of Nanofluids, Flow Directions, and Channels

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Srinivaas ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Akhil Garg ◽  
Xiongbin Peng ◽  
Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Management System ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Deviation ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

Abstract Lithium-ion batteries are currently being produced and used in large quantities in the automobile sector as a clean alternative to fossil fuels. The thermal behavior of the battery pack is a very important criterion, which is not only essential for safety but also has an equally important role in the capacity and life cycle of the batteries. The liquid battery thermal management system is a very efficient type of thermal management system, and mini-channel-based liquid cooling systems are one of the most popular type of the battery thermal management system and have been researched extensively. This paper mainly intends to study the effects of tapering, the addition of grooves to the channel, the use of different nanofluids, and the flow direction of coolant on the thermal performance of the battery pack using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model. The results suggest that converging channels can be used to control the temperature rise, while diverging channels can be used to control the temperature deviation. The addition of grooves and the use of nanofluids were beneficial in reducing the temperature rise. The final setups were able to reduce the maximum temperature rise by 2.267 K with a substantial pressure drop increase and by 1.513 K with an increase in pressure drop of only 19.92%.

scholarly journals Thermal management for a tube–shell Li-ion battery pack using water evaporation coupled with forced air cooling

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 9951-9961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyun Fang ◽  
Yao Huang ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Tube Shell

A novel battery thermal management system (BTMS) based on water evaporation (WE) and air-cooling (AC) for a tube–shell Li-ion battery (LIB) pack is designed.

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