Battery Thermal Management System Design: Role of Influence of Nanofluids, Flow Directions, and Channels

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Srinivaas ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Akhil Garg ◽  
Xiongbin Peng ◽  
Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Management System ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Deviation ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

Abstract Lithium-ion batteries are currently being produced and used in large quantities in the automobile sector as a clean alternative to fossil fuels. The thermal behavior of the battery pack is a very important criterion, which is not only essential for safety but also has an equally important role in the capacity and life cycle of the batteries. The liquid battery thermal management system is a very efficient type of thermal management system, and mini-channel-based liquid cooling systems are one of the most popular type of the battery thermal management system and have been researched extensively. This paper mainly intends to study the effects of tapering, the addition of grooves to the channel, the use of different nanofluids, and the flow direction of coolant on the thermal performance of the battery pack using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model. The results suggest that converging channels can be used to control the temperature rise, while diverging channels can be used to control the temperature deviation. The addition of grooves and the use of nanofluids were beneficial in reducing the temperature rise. The final setups were able to reduce the maximum temperature rise by 2.267 K with a substantial pressure drop increase and by 1.513 K with an increase in pressure drop of only 19.92%.

A Framework of Optimal Design of Thermal Management System for Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Using Multi-Objectives Optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangping Liao ◽  
Chong Ma ◽  
Xiongbin Peng ◽  
Yuwu Li ◽  
Lianfeng Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

Abstract Battery thermal management system is critical to prevent the battery pack from such safety issues as overheating, thermal runaway, and spontaneous combustion. Many research works have been done to improve the thermal performance of the thermal management system by reducing the maximum temperature of the battery pack. However, the temperature difference and energy consumption were not discussed in most of the researches. This paper proposed a framework of optimal design of the battery thermal management system using surrogate model and multi-objective optimization methodology. The accuracy of this method was then validated through two cases. The proposed framework aims to find a way to design a battery pack with at least two types of the following objectives: the smallest maximum temperature, smallest temperature deviation, and the lowest energy consumption. The framework can be divided into five steps: the structural design of the battery thermal management system; the fluid–solid coupled heat transfer modeling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method; the design of experiments and selection of surrogate models; the multi-objective optimization algorithm based on Pareto optimal solution; and the experimental verification. The optimized designs showed significant improvement by decreasing both the temperature rise and the energy consumption.

scholarly journals Thermal Performance of a Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Module Cooled by Two-Phase Refrigerant Circulation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 8094
Author(s):  
Bichao Lin ◽  
Jiwen Cen ◽  
Fangming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Module

It is important for the safety and good performance of a Li-ion battery module/pack to have an efficient thermal management system. In this paper, a battery thermal management system with a two-phase refrigerant circulated by a pump was developed. A battery module consisting of 240 18650-type Li-ion batteries was fabricated based on a finned-tube heat-exchanger structure. This structural design offers the potential to reduce the weight of the battery thermal management system. The cooling performance of the battery module was experimentally studied under different charge/discharge C-rates and with different refrigerant circulation pump operation frequencies. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the cooling system. It was found that the refrigerant-based battery thermal management system could maintain the battery module maximum temperature under 38 °C and the temperature non-uniformity within 2.5 °C for the various operation conditions considered. The experimental results with 0.5 C charging and a US06 drive cycle showed that the thermal management system could reduce the maximum temperature difference in the battery module from an initial value of 4.5 °C to 2.6 °C, and from the initial 1.3 °C to 1.1 °C, respectively. In addition, the variable pump frequency mode was found to be effective at controlling the battery module, functioning at a desirable constant temperature and at the same time minimizing the pump work consumption.

Optimization for Liquid Cooling Cylindrical Battery Thermal Management System Based on Gaussian Process Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Akhil Garg ◽  
Mi Xiao ◽  
Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gaussian Process ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Gp Model

Abstract The power of electric vehicles (EVs) comes from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). LIBs are sensitive to temperature. Too high and too low temperatures will affect the performance and safety of EVs. Therefore, a stable and efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for an EV. This article has conducted a comprehensive study on liquid-cooled BTMS. Two cooling schemes are designed: the serpentine channel and the U-shaped channel. The results show that the cooling effect of two schemes is roughly the same, but the U-shaped channel can significantly decrease the pressure drop (PD) loss. The U-shaped channel is parameterized and modeled. A machine learning method called the Gaussian process (GP) model has been used to express the outputs such as temperature difference, temperature standard deviation, and pressure drop. A multi-objective optimization model is established using GP models, and the NSGA-II method is employed to drive the optimization process. The optimized scheme is compared with the initial design. The main findings are summarized as follows: the velocity of cooling water v decreases from 0.3 m/s to 0.22 m/s by 26.67%. Pressure drop decreases from 431.40 Pa to 327.11 Pa by 24.18%. The optimized solution has a significant reduction in pressure drop and helps to reduce parasitic power. The proposed method can provide a useful guideline for the liquid cooling design of large-scale battery packs.

A Novel Design of Air-Cooled Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 563 ◽  
pp. 362-365
Author(s):  
Chao Jiang ◽  
Zhi Guo Tang ◽  
Jia Xin Hao ◽  
Hui Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Normal Work

Effective thermal management of battery pack is essential for electric vehicle to adapt to different kinds of external environment, achieve desired working efficiency and life cycle of the power batteries. In this paper, a novel thermal management system is designed for battery pack in electric vehicle. Visualized simulation analysis of the thermal management system is carried on under different working conditions by CFD, then the structure parameters will be optimized. According to the conclusion, the thermal management system has been indicated to be effective to ensure an appropriate temperature range and the normal work of the power batteries in electric vehicle.

scholarly journals Optimization, Modelling and Analysis of Air-Cooled Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muddasar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management System ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are the need of the hour due to growing climate change problems linked with the transportation sector. Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS), which is accountable for certifying safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries (LiB), is the most vital part of an EV. LiB has auspicious gravimetric energy density but the heat generation due to chemical reactions inside a LiB during charging and discharging causes temperature rise which has a direct effect on LiB performance and safety. This study specifically focuses on aircooled BTMS, defines different types of air-cooled BTMS (active and Passive), discusses limitations associated with air-cooled BTMS, and investigates different optimization techniques and parameters to improve performance of air-cooled BTMS. Maintaining temperature within optimum range and uniform temperature distribution between cells of a battery pack are the major design parameters for improving the performance and efficiency of air-cooled BTMS. Various optimization techniques including cell arrangement with a battery pack, air-flow channel optimization, and air inlet/outlet position variations are discussed and each technique is thoroughly reviewed. Finally, it’s noted that passive air-cooled BTMS is not that effective for long-distance vehicles so most researchers shifted their focus toward active air-cooled BTMS. Active air-cooled BTMS requires a lot of power for effective performance. Lastly, the most recent field of air-cooled BTMS technology which is Air-Hybrid BTMS is discussed and declared a very promising solution for overcoming major limitations associated with air-cooled BTMS.

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