scholarly journals Social Robots in Special Education: A Systematic Review

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1398
Author(s):  
George A. Papakostas ◽  
George K. Sidiropoulos ◽  
Cristina I. Papadopoulou ◽  
Eleni Vrochidou ◽  
Vassilis G. Kaburlasos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Specific Field ◽  
Development Step

In recent years, social robots have become part of a variety of human activities, especially in applications involving children, e.g., entertainment, education, companionship. The interest of this work lies in the interaction of social robots with children in the field of special education. This paper seeks to present a systematic review of the use of robots in special education, with the ultimate goal of highlighting the degree of integration of robots in this field worldwide. This work aims to explore the technologies of robots that are applied according to the impairment type of children. The study showed a large number of attempts to apply social robots to the special education of children with various impairments, especially in recent years, as well as a wide variety of social robots from the market involved in such activities. The main conclusion of this work is the finding that the specific field of application of social robots is at the first development step; however, it is expected to be of great concern to the research community in the coming years.

A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses in Special Education: Exploring the Evidence Base for High-Leverage Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 074193252110634
Author(s):  
Gena Nelson ◽  
Sara Cothren Cook ◽  
Kary Zarate ◽  
Sarah R. Powell ◽  
Daniel M. Maggin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Intensive Instruction ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
Meta Analyses

It is crucial that special education teachers are equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary to improve outcomes for students with disabilities. Despite federal legislation and efforts of the field to identify and disseminate evidence-based practices for students with disabilities, it is uncertain whether all special education teachers provide instruction based on the best available research. To better prepare special education teachers, McLeskey et al. proposed 22 high-leverage practices (HLPs). We conducted this systematic review of meta-analyses to provide an initial investigation of the experimental evidence reporting on the effectiveness of the HLPs for students with, or at risk for, a disability. Results indicated the largest amount of evidence from meta-analyses related to intensive instruction, explicit instruction, and social skills, with few meta-analyses reporting on collaboration and assessment. The results highlighted disproportional evidence according to disability categories. Implications for future research, practice, and teacher education are discussed.

Social Robots for Pedagogical Rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilis G. Kaburlasos ◽  
Eleni Vrochidou
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Brain Signals ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
Preexisting Conditions

The use of robots as educational learning tools is quite extensive worldwide, yet it is rather limited in special education. In particular, the use of robots in the field of special education is under skepticism since robots are frequently believed to be expensive with limited capacity. The latter may change with the advent of social robots, which can be used in special education as affordable tools for delivering sophisticated stimuli to children with learning difficulties also due to preexisting conditions. Pilot studies occasionally demonstrate the effectiveness of social robots in specific domains. This chapter overviews the engagement of social robots in special education including the authors' preliminary work in this field; moreover, it discusses their proposal for potential future extensions involving more autonomous (i.e., intelligent) social robots as well as feedback from human brain signals.

scholarly journals A systematic review of biodiversity and demographic change: A misinterpreted relationship?

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Mehring ◽  
Nicolai Mehlhaus ◽  
Edward Ott ◽  
Diana Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Functional Relation ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Demographic Processes

AbstractDemographic change is supposed to be the most important indirect driver for changing biodiversity. In this article, a systematic review of 148 studies was conducted to examine the scientific evidence for this relationship and to identify potential gaps in research. We explored the spatial distribution of studies, the categories addressed with respect to biodiversity and demographic change, and the ways in which their relationships were conceptualised (spatially and temporally) and valued. The majority of studies were carried out in Africa, Europe and North America. Our analysis confirms the trend that demographic phenomena were mostly found to negatively influence biodiversity. However, a considerable number of studies also point towards impacts that were context dependent, either positive or negative under certain circumstances. In addition to that we identified significant gaps in research. In particular, there is a lack of addressing (1) other demographic aspects such as population decline, age structure or gender differences, (2) spatial variability of, e.g. human population growth, (3) long-term effects of demographic processes, and (4) the context dependency (e.g. regulations/law enforcement, type of human activities, and choice of scale or proxy). We conclude there is evidence that the relationship between biodiversity and demographic change is much more complex than expected and so far represented in research. Thus, we call for a social–ecological biodiversity research that particularly focusses on the functional relation between biodiversity and human activities, namely the different types, context, and interdependent dynamics (spatial and temporal) of this complex relation.

scholarly journals Reconsidering the Evidence That Systematic Phonics Is More Effective Than Alternative Methods of Reading Instruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Whole Language ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Initial Reading ◽  
State Schools

AbstractThere is a widespread consensus in the research community that reading instruction in English should first focus on teaching letter (grapheme) to sound (phoneme) correspondences rather than adopt meaning-based reading approaches such as whole language instruction. That is, initial reading instruction should emphasize systematic phonics. In this systematic review, I show that this conclusion is not justified based on (a) an exhaustive review of 12 meta-analyses that have assessed the efficacy of systematic phonics and (b) summarizing the outcomes of teaching systematic phonics in all state schools in England since 2007. The failure to obtain evidence in support of systematic phonics should not be taken as an argument in support of whole language and related methods, but rather, it highlights the need to explore alternative approaches to reading instruction.

scholarly journals Sharing is Caring – A Systematic Review on how Frequently Dermoscopic Images are Shared in Inter-observer Investigations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Polesie ◽  
Oscar Zaar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Observer Variation ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Skin Tumors ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Dermoscopic Image

Research interest in dermoscopy has accelerated, but the complete dermoscopic image sets used for inter-observer investigations for skin tumors are not often shared to the reader. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze what proportion of images depicting skin tumors are shared in the manuscripts of studies investigating inter-observer variation in the assessment of dermoscopic features and/or patterns. The Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases were screened for eligible studies published from inception to July 2, 2020. For included investigations we extracted the proportion of lesion images presented in the manuscripts and or supplements. Overall, we included 61 studies (52 original investigations and 9 concise reports) in the time period of 1997 to 2020. These investigations combined, included 14,124 skin tumors of which 373 (3%) images were shared. Since data sharing must be promoted, this investigation should be a wake-up call for the dermatology research community and editorial offices.

Cooperative and Social Robots: Understanding Human Activities and Intentions

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Rebeca Marfil ◽  
Jorge Dias ◽  
Antonio Bandera ◽  
George Azzopardi
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Social Robots

scholarly journals Use of Social Robots in Mental Health and Well-Being Research: Systematic Review

10.2196/13322 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. e13322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arielle AJ Scoglio ◽  
Erin D Reilly ◽  
Jay A Gorman ◽  
Charles E Drebing
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Health And Well Being

scholarly journals Social Robots for Depression in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu‐Chuan Chen ◽  
Cindy Jones ◽  
Wendy Moyle
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Robots

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Attitudes, Anxiety, Acceptance, and Trust Towards Social Robots

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1201
Author(s):  
Stanislava Naneva ◽  
Marina Sarda Gou ◽  
Thomas L. Webb ◽  
Tony J. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Social Domains ◽  
People’S Attitudes

AbstractAs social robots become more common, there is a need to understand how people perceive and interact with such technology. This systematic review seeks to estimate people’s attitudes toward, trust in, anxiety associated with, and acceptance of social robots; as well as factors that are associated with these beliefs. Ninety-seven studies were identified with a combined sample of over 13,000 participants and a standardized score was computed for each in order to represent the valence (positive, negative, or neutral) and magnitude (on a scale from 1 to − 1) of people’s beliefs about robots. Potential moderating factors such as the robots’ domain of application and design, the type of exposure to the robot, and the characteristics of potential users were also investigated. The findings suggest that people generally have positive attitudes towards social robots and are willing to interact with them. This finding may challenge some of the existing doubt surrounding the adoption of robotics in social domains of application but more research is needed to fully understand the factors that influence attitudes.

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