scholarly journals How Smart Metering and Smart Charging may Help a Local Energy Community in Collective Self-Consumption in Presence of Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4163
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Barone ◽  
Giovanni Brusco ◽  
Daniele Menniti ◽  
Anna Pinnarelli ◽  
Gaetano Polizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Energy Community

The 2018/2001/EU renewable energy directive (RED II) underlined the strategic role of energy communities in the EU transition process towards sustainable and renewable energy. In line with the path traced by RED II, this paper proposes a solution that may help local energy communities in increasing self-consumption. The proposed solution is based on the combination of smart metering and smart charging. A set of smart meters returns the profile of each member of the community with a time resolution of 5 s; the aggregator calculates the community profile and regulates the charging of electric vehicles accordingly. An experimental test is performed on a local community composed of four users, where the first is a consumer with a Nissan Leaf, whereas the remaining three users are prosumers with a photovoltaic generator mounted on the roof of their home. The results of the experimental test show the feasibility of the proposed solution and demonstrate its effectiveness in increasing self-consumption. The paper also calculates the subsidy that the community under investigation would receive if the current Italian incentive policies for renewables were extended to local energy communities; this subsidy is discussed in comparison with the subsidies that the three prosumers individually receive thanks to the net metering mechanism. This paper ends with an economic analysis and calculation of savings on bills when the four users create the local energy community and adopt the proposed combination of smart metering and smart charging.

scholarly journals An Optimization Model for Energy Community Costs Minimization Considering a Local Electricity Market between Prosumers and Electric Vehicles

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ricardo Faia ◽  
João Soares ◽  
Zita Vale ◽  
Juan Manuel Corchado
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Energy Community

Electric vehicles have emerged as one of the most promising technologies, and their mass introduction may pose threats to the electricity grid. Several solutions have been proposed in an attempt to overcome this challenge in order to ease the integration of electric vehicles. A promising concept that can contribute to the proliferation of electric vehicles is the local electricity market. In this way, consumers and prosumers may transact electricity between peers at the local community level, reducing congestion, energy costs and the necessity of intermediary players such as retailers. Thus, this paper proposes an optimization model that simulates an electric energy market between prosumers and electric vehicles. An energy community with different types of prosumers is considered (household, commercial and industrial), and each of them is equipped with a photovoltaic panel and a battery system. This market is considered local because it takes place within a distribution grid and a local energy community. A mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed to solve the local energy transaction problem. The results suggest that our approach can provide a reduction between 1.6% to 3.5% in community energy costs.

scholarly journals Community Energy Companies in the UK: A Potential Model for Sustainable Development in “Local” Energy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Saintier
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
The Uk

The rise of renewable energy sources (RES) comes with a shift in attention from government and market energy governance to local community initiatives and self-regulation. Although this shift is generally welcome at domestic and EU level, the regulatory dimension, at both levels, is nevertheless not adapted to this multi-actor market since prosumers are not empowered and energy justice is far from achieved. The rise, in the UK, of Community Interest Companies (consumers and local actors’ collectives) in the energy sector provides an interesting perspective as it allows a whole system’s view. Research was conducted with six energy community organizations in the South West of England in order to evaluate their role and identity and assess whether this exemplar of “the rise of a social sphere in regulation” could be used as a model for a more sustainable social approach to the governance of economic relations. Findings illustrate that such organizations undoubtedly play an important role in the renewable energy sector and they also help to alleviate some aspects of “energy injustice”. Yet, the failure to recognize, in terms of energy policy, at domestic and EU level, the importance of such actors undermines their role. The need to embed and support such organizations in policy is necessary if one is to succeed to put justice at the core of the changing energy landscape.

scholarly journals Framing Smart Meter Feedback in Relation to Practice Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Mela ◽  
Juha Peltomaa ◽  
Marja Salo ◽  
Kirsi Mäkinen ◽  
Mikael Hildén
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Domestic Energy

Smart metering is advancing rapidly and consumption feedback from smart meters is expected to help residents to reduce their energy and water consumption. In recent years, more critical views have been expressed based on theories of social practice, arguing that smart meter feedback ignores the role of various mundane practices where energy and water are consumed and instead targets individuals as active decision-makers. We present a review of qualitative studies on smart meter feedback and results of a survey to European smart metering projects. We argue that theories of social practice can be used to reframe the challenges and potentials of smart meter feedback that have been identified in the literature and our survey. This presents challenges of smart meter feedback as resulting from normalised resource intensive practices rather than from uninterested and comfort-loving individuals. Potentials of improving the effectiveness of smart meter feedback relate to supporting communities and peer-learning and combining smart meter feedback with micro-generation of renewable energy. This has implications for how domestic energy and water consumption is targeted by policy.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Use of Renewable Energy Sources for the Charging Infrastructure of Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-550
Author(s):  
A. D. Gorbunova ◽  
I. A. Anisimov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The City

Application of renewable energy sources is a relevant area of energy supply for urban infrastructure. In 2019, the share of energy produced by such sources reached 11% (for solar energy) and 22% (for wind energy) of the total energy produced during the year. However, these systems require an improvement in their efficiency that can be achieved by introducing electric vehicles. They can accumulate, store and transfer surplus energy to the city’s power grid. A solution to this problem is a smart charging infrastructure. The existing studies in the field of charging infrastructure organization for electric vehicles consider only models locating charging stations in the city or the calculation of their required number. These calculations are based on socio-economic factors and images of a potential owner of an electric vehicle. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a methodology for determining the location of charging stations and their required number. The calculation will include the operating features of the existing charging infrastructure, which has not been done before. Thus, the purpose of this article is to research the operation of the existing charging infrastructure. This will provide an opportunity to develop approaches to the energy supply of charging infrastructure and city’s power grid from renewable energy sources. The article presents an analysis of data on the number of charging sessions during the year, month and day. This data enable us to construct curves of the charging session number and suggest ways to conduct the next stages of this study. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01251 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Local Electricity Markets for Electric Vehicles: An Application Study Using a Decentralized Iterative Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Faia ◽  
João Soares ◽  
Mohammad Ali Fotouhi Ghazvini ◽  
John F. Franco ◽  
Zita Vale
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Community

Local electricity markets are emerging solutions to enable local energy trade for the end users and provide grid support services when required. Various models of local electricity markets (LEMs) have been proposed in the literature. The peer-to-peer market model appears as a promising structure among the proposed models. The peer-to-peer market structure enables electricity transactions between the players in a local energy system at a lower cost. It promotes the production from the small low–carbon generation technologies. Energy communities can be the ideal place to implement local electricity markets as they are designed to allow for larger growth of renewable energy and electric vehicles, while benefiting from local transactions. In this context, a LEM model is proposed considering an energy community with high penetration of electric vehicles in which prosumer-to-vehicle (P2V) transactions are possible. Each member of the energy community can buy electricity from the retailer or other members and sell electricity. The problem is modeled as a mixed-integer linear programing (MILP) formulation and solved within a decentralized and iterative process. The decentralized implementation provides acceptable solutions with a reasonable execution time, while the centralized implementation usually gives an optimal solution at the expense of reduced scalability. Preliminary results indicate that there are advantages for EVs as participants of the LEM, and the proposed implementation ensures an optimal solution in an acceptable execution time. Moreover, P2V transactions benefit the local distribution grid and the energy community.

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