scholarly journals Systemic Evaluation of the Effects of Regional Self-Supply Targets on the German Electricity System Using Consistent Scenarios and System Optimization

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4695
Author(s):  
Charlotte Senkpiel ◽  
Wolfgang Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Self Sufficiency

This paper analyses the effects of regional renewable electricity self-sufficiency targets on the power system in Germany. For this purpose, an interdisciplinary approach from social sciences and energy system modelling was chosen, which allows considering qualitative factors such as public acceptance or political stability. Following the concept of context scenarios, consistent raw scenarios are generated by a cross-impact balance analysis (CIB), and the scenarios are quantified by the unit commitment and expansion cost minimisation model ENTIGRIS considering power plants, storages, and the electricity grid. This approach enables an understanding of the system framework conditions and their relationships and allows the combination of qualitative and quantitative scenario descriptors. The most important factors for setting regional self-sufficiency targets were identified through interviews. The main system effects identified are: The regional distribution of generation capacities is strongly influenced by a more demand-oriented installation of generation capacities. This leads to less grid reinforcement, but higher rates of curtailment. In all scenarios, higher utilization of the PV roof potential instead of ground mounted could be observed. The total system costs are increasing only slightly with regional self-supply targets. In general, it was found that the influence of regional self-sufficiency targets is less pronounced in scenarios that already achieve high national RES shares than in scenarios that achieve lower shares, since technology, storage and grid expansion measures are necessary anyway to achieve high RES shares. Overall, the effects here are rather small and the regional objective is not associated with major disadvantages for the system. In a future characterised by stagnation, the system can benefit from regional targeting, as higher renewable shares and lower costs can result. The main conclusion therefore is that regional target setting seem to be beneficial for the overall power system, in terms of system cost, national RE share, acceptance and CO2-emissions.

scholarly journals A techno-economic and financial analysis of a Gulf-India undersea electricity interconnector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Shivakumar ◽  
Lucas Kruitwagen ◽  
Miles Weinstein ◽  
Sebastian Spiteri ◽  
Christopher Arderne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
The Cost

Abstract As part of efforts to decarbonise, power systems around the world will need to cope with increasing shares of intermittent renewable generation from technologies such as wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) in the coming decades. One promising solution to this challenge is cross-border electricity interconnectors. This study is an independent combined techno-economic and financial analysis of an electricity interconnector between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and India. A techno-economic model of a combined India-GCC power system was developed using OSeMOSYS, an open-source energy system modelling tool and combined with a financial model. The models were applied across 75 scenarios covering a range of cost variables and solar PV locations in the GCC. We find that a techno-economic case for a GCC-India interconnector is clear: an interconnector is part of the least-cost ‘optimal’ power system in 64 of the 75 scenarios studied. The trend of electricity flows gradually shifts from the India->GCC direction in 2030 to the other way around by 2050. The overall trade volumes are influenced by the location of the solar PV farm; locations further to the west contribute towards higher trade volumes in the GCC->India direction. Of the cost variables considered in the study the overall (social) discount rate is most strongly correlated with the interconnector trade volumes. The financial case for the CCG-India interconnector is less clear. Of the projections developed for the scenarios from the technoeconomic model, only a small number are immediately investible. It is also expected that a smaller interconnector will be a more attractive investment opportunity, for a trade-off in total system cost reductions.

scholarly journals A techno-economic and financial analysis of a Gulf-India undersea electricity interconnector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Shivakumar ◽  
Lucas Kruitwagen ◽  
Miles Weinstein ◽  
Sebastian Spiteri ◽  
Christopher Arderne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
The Cost

Abstract As part of efforts to decarbonise, power systems around the world will need to cope with increasing shares of intermittent renewable generation from technologies such as wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) in the coming decades. One promising solution to this challenge is cross-border electricity interconnectors. This study is an independent combined techno-economic and financial analysis of an electricity interconnector between Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and India. A techno-economic model of a combined India-GCC power system was developed using OSeMOSYS, an open-source energy system modelling tool and combined with a financial model. The models were applied across 75 scenarios covering a range of cost variables and solar PV locations in the GCC. We find that a techno-economic case for a GCC-India interconnector is clear: an interconnector is part of the least-cost ‘optimal’ power system in 64 of the 75 scenarios studied. The trend of electricity flows gradually shifts from the India->GCC direction in 2030 to the other way around by 2050. The overall trade volumes are influenced by the location of the solar PV farm; locations further to the west contribute towards higher trade volumes in the GCC->India direction. Of the cost variables considered in the study the overall (social) discount rate is most strongly correlated with the interconnector trade volumes. The financial case for the CCG-India interconnector is less clear. Of the projections developed for the scenarios from the technoeconomic model, only a small number are immediately investible. It is also expected that a smaller interconnector will be a more attractive investment opportunity, for a trade-off in total system cost reductions.

scholarly journals Prospects for the Development of Renewable Energy in the Crimean Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Valerievich Guryev ◽  
Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Kuvshinov ◽  
Boris Anatolevich Yakimovich
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The Crimean Peninsula is the flagship of the development of renewable energy, as it is not only an actively developing region, but also a resort center. The energy complex of the Crimean Peninsula in recent years has increased due to the construction of new power plants (Balaklava TPP and Tavricheskaya TPP) with a total capacity of 940 MW, as well as the construction of new 220 and 330 kV transmission lines, which ensured that the peninsula’s power supply deficit was covered. A review of the regional development and use of renewable energy sources is carried out. Based on the data obtained, an analysis is made of the problems and prospects for the development of renewable energy in the region. The development of renewable energy for the Crimean Peninsula plays an important role in order to achieve environmental safety and develop the economic potential of the region. The paper substantiates the priority use of renewable energy in the region, as well as the solution of emerging problems with an increase in the share of renewable energy in the total generation. The appearance of excess electricity in the power system and the possibility of balancing the generated power of renewable energy and thermal power plants, while reducing the cost of electricity. Investment attractiveness and active population growth in the region leads to an increase in generating capacity and an increase in the maneuverability of the energy system with a significant impact of RES. The efficiency of renewable energy in the energy system, the world experience in managing renewable energy generation, the actual impact of renewable energy on the energy system in conditions of electricity shortage, and forecast work schedules of the SES wind farm provided by the electric power industry entities in the assigned way are taken into account when forming the dispatch schedule and are accepted at the request of the subject. The available experience of existing SES in the power system of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol requires additional research, including through field testing of generating equipment. Further full-scale tests should be carried out under the conditions of a real electric power mode of the power system, which requires the introduction of modern information technologies that ensure the exchange of technological information and the implementation of appropriate control actions. The work is underway to create a regulatory framework for the control of renewable energy source operation.

scholarly journals To Prevent or Promote Grid Expansion? Analyzing the Future Role of Power Transmission in the European Energy System

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Kiên Cao ◽  
Thomas Pregger ◽  
Jannik Haas ◽  
Hendrik Lens
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Total System ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Flexibility Options

Future energy supply systems must become more flexible than they are today to accommodate the significant contributions expected from intermittent renewable power sources. Although numerous studies on planning flexibility options have emerged over the last few years, the uncertainties related to model-based studies have left the literature lacking a proper understanding of the investment strategy needed to ensure robust power grid expansion. To address this issue, we focus herein on two important aspects of these uncertainties: the first is the relevance of various social preferences for the use of certain technologies, and the second is how the available approaches affect the flexibility options for power transmission in energy system models. To address these uncertainties, we analyze a host of scenarios. We use an energy system optimization model to plan the transition of Europe’s energy system. In addition to interacting with the heating and transport sectors, the model integrates power flows in three different ways: as a transport model, as a direct current power flow model, and as a linearized alternating current power flow model based on profiles of power transfer distribution factors. The results show that deploying transmission systems contribute significantly to system adequacy. If investments in new power transmission infrastructure are restricted—for example, because of social opposition—additional power generation and storage technologies are an alternative option to reach the necessary level of adequacy at 2% greater system costs. The share of power transmission in total system costs remains widely stable around 1.5%, even if cost assumptions or the approaches for modeling power flows are varied. Thus, the results indicate the importance of promoting investments in infrastructure projects that support pan-European power transmission. However, a wide range of possibilities exists to put this strategy into practice.

scholarly journals Determining the Load Inertia Contribution from Different Power Consumer Groups

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Henning Thiesen ◽  
Clemens Jauch
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Future Application ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Inertia Response ◽  
System Inertia ◽  
Power Consumer

Power system inertia is a vital part of power system stability. The inertia response within the first seconds after a power imbalance reduces the velocity of which the grid frequency changes. At present, large shares of power system inertia are provided by synchronously rotating masses of conventional power plants. A minor part of power system inertia is supplied by power consumers. The energy system transformation results in an overall decreasing amount of power system inertia. Hence, inertia has to be provided synthetically in future power systems. In depth knowledge about the amount of inertia provided by power consumers is very important for a future application of units supplying synthetic inertia. It strongly promotes the technical efficiency and cost effective application. A blackout in the city of Flensburg allows for a detailed research on the inertia contribution from power consumers. Therefore, power consumer categories are introduced and the inertia contribution is calculated for each category. Overall, the inertia constant for different power consumers is in the range of 0.09 to 4.24 s if inertia constant calculations are based on the power demand. If inertia constant calculations are based on the apparent generator power, the load inertia constant is in the range of 0.01 to 0.19 s.

scholarly journals Comparing Power-System- and User-Oriented Battery Electric Vehicle Charging Representation and its Implications on Energy System Modeling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Wulff ◽  
Felix Steck ◽  
Hans Christian Gils ◽  
Carsten Hoyer-Klick ◽  
Bent van den Adel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Vehicle Charging

Battery electric vehicles provide an opportunity to balance supply and demand in future power systems with high shares of fluctuating renewable energy. Compared to other storage systems such as pumped-storage hydroelectricity, electric vehicle energy demand is highly dependent on charging and connection choices of vehicle users. We present a model framework of a utility-based stock and flow model, a utility-based microsimulation of charging decisions, and an energy system model including respective interfaces to assess how the representation of battery electric vehicle charging affects energy system optimization results. We then apply the framework to a scenario study for controlled charging of nine million electric vehicles in Germany in 2030. Assuming a respective fleet power demand of 27 TWh, we analyze the difference between power-system-based and vehicle user-based charging decisions in two respective scenarios. Our results show that taking into account vehicle users’ charging and connection decisions significantly decreases the load shifting potential of controlled charging. The analysis of marginal values of equations and variables of the optimization problem yields valuable insights on the importance of specific constraints and optimization variables. In particular, state-of-charge assumptions and representing fast charging drive curtailment of renewable energy feed-in and required gas power plant flexibility. A detailed representation of fleet charge connection is less important. Peak load can be significantly reduced by 5% and 3% in both scenarios, respectively. Shifted load is very robust across sensitivity analyses while other model results such as curtailment are more sensitive to factors such as underlying data years. Analyzing the importance of increased BEV fleet battery availability for power systems with different weather and electricity demand characteristics should be further scrutinized.

scholarly journals Participation of Ukrainian NPPs in Regulating Frequency and Power in the United Energy System: Problem Analysis and Solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
V. Goldrin ◽  
I. Chervonenko ◽  
V. Zbinskiy ◽  
R. Brodich ◽  
O. Slonevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Reactor Power ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Primary Frequency

The issue related to the participation of Ukrainian nuclear power plants in regulating frequency and power in the united energy system of Ukraine is considered in the paper. The dependence of frequency changes in the grid on the imbalance between generation and consumption of active power is presented. This can violate conditions of parallel operation of generators. Three levels of the frequency control system in the power system using backup capacities are examined. The issues of participation of nuclear power units in regulating frequency and power are studied. It is shown that the main factors limiting such participation are the characteristics of fuel assemblies. These characteristics govern the change in reactor power in a narrow range. An obstacle is also the mismatch of the characteristics of the equipment of power units for participation in regulating power system frequency. The complexity of regulating the electric power of a WWER nuclear power unit is under consideration, which is implemented by coordinated regulation of the reactor power and generator power. The regulatory requirements for the characteristics of the primary frequency regulation by nuclear power units is carried out. The possibility of their participation in the normalized primary frequency regulation are analyzed. The paper considers the concept of the National Nuclear Energy Generating Company “Energoatom” for the modernization of systems and equipment of WWER-1000 power units, which provides bringing the characteristics of power units in line with standards. The methodology for preliminary testing of the readiness of Zaporizhzhya NPP Unit 1 (“pilot” power unit) to participate in such regulation is described. The methodology involves testing at two power levels at the beginning and in the end of the fuel campaign. A signal is used to simulate a frequency deviation that is input via a separate train of the control system. The tasks, conditions and criteria for the success of the tests are described. Based on the test results, conclusions will be drawn about the possibility of the safe participation of WWER-1000 power units in the normalized frequency regulation in the united energy system of Ukraine and the necessary measures to modernize the equipment.

scholarly journals Modelling Sustainable Development Scenarios of Croatian Power System

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Robert Pašičko ◽  
Zoran Stanić ◽  
Nenad Debrecin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Development Scenarios

Modelling Sustainable Development Scenarios of Croatian Power SystemThe main objective of power system sustainable development is to provide the security of electricity supply required to underpin economic growth and increase the quality of living while minimizing adverse environmental impacts. New challenges such as deregulation, liberalization of energy markets, increased competition on energy markets, growing demands on security of supply, price insecurities and demand to cut CO2 emissions, are calling for better understanding of electrical systems modelling. Existing models are not sufficient anymore and planners will need to think differently in order to face these challenges. Such a model, on the basis on performed simulations, should enable planner to distinguish between different options and to analyze sustainability of these options. PLEXOS is an electricity market simulation model, used for modeling electrical system in Croatia since 2005. Within this paper, generation expansion scenarios until 2020 developed for Croatian Energy Strategy and modeled in PLEXOS. Development of sustainable Croatian energy scenario was analyzed in the paper - impacts of CO2 emission price and wind generation. Energy Strategy sets goal for 1200 MW from wind power plants in 2020. In order to fully understand its impacts, intermittent nature of electricity generation from wind power plant was modeled. We conclude that electrical system modelling using everyday growing models has proved to be inevitable for sustainable electrical system planning in complex environment in which power plants operate today.

scholarly journals Comparing Power-System and User-Oriented Battery Electric Vehicle Charging Representation and Its Implications on Energy System Modeling

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Wulff ◽  
Felix Steck ◽  
Hans Christian Gils ◽  
Carsten Hoyer-Klick ◽  
Bent van den Adel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Vehicle Charging

Battery electric vehicles (BEV) provide an opportunity to balance supply and demand in future power systems with high shares of fluctuating renewable energy. Compared to other storage systems such as pumped-storage hydroelectricity, electric vehicle energy demand is highly dependent on charging and connection choices of vehicle users. We present a model framework of a utility-based stock and flow model, a utility-based microsimulation of charging decisions, and an energy system model including respective interfaces to assess how the representation of battery electric vehicle charging affects energy system optimization results. We then apply the framework to a scenario study for controlled charging of nine million electric vehicles in Germany in 2030. Assuming a respective fleet power demand of 27 TWh, we analyze the difference between power-system-based and vehicle user-based charging decisions in two respective scenarios. Our results show that taking into account vehicle users’ charging and connection decisions significantly decreases the load shifting potential of controlled charging. The analysis of marginal values of equations and variables of the optimization problem yields valuable insights on the importance of specific constraints and optimization variables. Assumptions on fleet battery availability and a detailed representation of fast charging are found to have a strong impact on wind curtailment, renewable energy feed-in, and required gas power plant flexibility. A representation of fleet connection to the grid in high temporal detail is less important. Peak load can be reduced by 5% and 3% in both scenarios, respectively. Shifted load is robust across sensitivity analyses while other model results such as curtailment are more sensitive to factors such as underlying data years. Analyzing the importance of increased BEV fleet battery availability for power systems with different weather and electricity demand characteristics should be further scrutinized.

scholarly journals Determination of optimal operating modes of the Ukrainian power system when covering the daily schedule of electrical loads, ensuring the necessary volumes of redundancy and using storage capacities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
V.A. Denisov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Modeling Language ◽  
Integer Variables ◽  
Daily Schedule ◽  
Power Storage ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
And Storage

We propose a model of mathematical programming with integer variables, the use of which provides a search for the optimal modes of redundancy and loading of storage capacities of the power plants in Ukraine with covering the daily schedule of electrical loads. The main purpose of this work is to create a tool for studying the possibilities of optimized dispatching of generating capacities of thermal power plants, as well as generating and reserve capacities of high-power storage units within the IPS of Ukraine, the limits of permissible values of the parameters of generating and storing capacities, at which stable balanced operation of the energy system is possible. The model enables one to determine the optimal modes of using generating and storing capacities for covering the schedule of electrical loads without using storage and with using storage at different values of the total installed and peak power of SES and wind farms. The model takes into account the specific features of the operation of reserve and storage capacities of the Ukrainian energy system – the maximal possibilities for change in the power of storage and generation of electricity units of the Ukrainian energy system and possibility to provide support for frequency recovery reserves (secondary regulation) at a given level, located at thermal power plants, PSPPS, and high-power storage facilities. The model enables us to study the possibilities of optimized dispatching of the components of the IPS of Ukraine, the limits of permissible values of parameters of generating and storing capacities, at which stable balanced operation of the energy system is possible and can be applied in the tasks of forming forecast balances covering daily schedules of electric loads to study the prospects for short- and long-term development of storage and generating capacities of the national energy system, which is relevant under conditions of rapid growth of the capacity of wind and solar power plants. The model is implemented in the mathprog algebraic modeling language, which is a component of the Solver Studio optimization package and uses the COIN-OR PuLP modeling language. Keywords: power system, daily load schedule of the power system, reserve and storage capacities, model of mathematical programming with integer variables, optimal solution

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document