scholarly journals An Adaptive Model-Based MPPT Technique with Drift-Avoidance for Grid-Connected PV Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6656
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Abdelrahem ◽  
Ibrahim Harbi ◽  
Ralph Kennel
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Adaptive Model ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pulse Width Modulator ◽  
State Generation ◽  
Power Point

In this article, a modified control structure for a single-stage three phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system is presented. In the proposed system, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function is developed using a new adaptive model-based technique, in which the maximum power point (MPP) voltage can be precisely located based on the characteristics of the PV source. By doing so, the drift problem associated with the traditional perturb and observe (P&O) technique can be easily solved. Moreover, the inverter control is accomplished using a predictive dead-beat function, which directly estimates the required reference voltages from the commanded reference currents. Then, the reference voltages are applied to a space vector pulse width modulator (SVPWM) for switching state generation. Furthermore, the proposed inverter control avoids the conventional and known cascaded loop structure of the voltage oriented control (VOC) method by elimination of the outer PI controller, and hence the overall control strategy is simplified. The proposed system is compared with different MPPT techniques, including the conventional P&O method and other techniques intended for drift avoidance. The evaluation of the suggested control methodology depends on various radiation profiles created in MATLAB. The proposed technique succeeds at capturing the maximum available power from the PV source with no drift in comparison with other methods.

scholarly journals A Modification of the Perturb and Observe Method to Improve the Energy Harvesting of PV Systems under Partial Shading Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2521
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gil-Velasco ◽  
Carlos Aguilar-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Computational Resources

There are multiples conditions that lead to partial shading conditions (PSC) in photovoltaic systems (PV). Under these conditions, the harvested energy decreases in the PV system. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller aims to harvest the greatest amount of energy even under partial shading conditions. The simplest available MPPT algorithms fail on PSC, whereas the complex ones are effective but require high computational resources and experience in this type of systems. This paper presents a new MPPT algorithm that is simple but effective in tracking the global maximum power point even in PSC. The simulation and experimental results show excellent performance of the proposed algorithm. Additionally, a comparison with a previously proposed algorithm is presented. The comparison shows that the proposal in this paper is faster in tracking the maximum power point than complex algorithms.

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for a Solar Photovoltaic System: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Arun Shravan ◽  
D. Ebenezer
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Nonlinear Behaviour ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

In recent years there has been a growing attention towards use of solar energy. Advantages of photovoltaic (PV) systems employed for harnessing solar energy are reduction of greenhouse gas emission, low maintenance costs, fewer limitations with regard to site of installation and absence of mechanical noise arising from moving parts. However, PV systems suffer from relatively low conversion efficiency. Therefore, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for the solar array is essential in a PV system. The nonlinear behaviour of PV systems as well as variations of the maximum power point with solar irradiance level and temperature complicates the tracking of the maximum power point. This paper reviews various MPPT methods based on three categories: offline, online and hybrid methods. Design of a PV system in a encoding environment has also been reviewed here. Furthermore, different MPPT methods are discussed in terms of the dynamic response of the PV system to variations in temperature and irradiance, attainable efficiency, and implementation considerations.

Maximum Power Point Tracking of Multi-String Photovoltaic Array via Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Yaoyu Li ◽  
John E. Seem ◽  
Kaushik Rajashekara
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Approximation ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

This paper presents a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategy for multi-string photovoltaic (PV) systems using the Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (SPSA) algorithm. The multi-string PV system considered is a decentralized control configuration, controlling the voltage reference to each PV module but based on the feedback of the total power at the DC bus. This requires only one pair of voltage and current measurements. The MPPT control problem for such topology of multi-string PV systems features a high input dimension, which can dramatically slow down the searching process for the real-time optimization process involved. The SPSA algorithm is considered in this study due to its remarkable capability of fast convergence for high dimensional search problems endorsed by various applications recently. Simulation study is performed for an 8-string PV system, and experimental study is performed for a 4-string PV system. Good performances are observed for both simulation and experimental results.

scholarly journals Improved Fractional Open Circuit Voltage MPPT Methods for PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Baimel ◽  
Saad Tapuchi ◽  
Yoash Levron ◽  
Juri Belikov
Keyword(s):  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

This paper proposes two new Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods which improve the conventional Fractional Open Circuit Voltage (FOCV) method. The main novelty is a switched semi-pilot cell that is used for measuring the open-circuit voltage. In the first method this voltage is measured on the semi-pilot cell located at the edge of PV panel. During the measurement the semi-pilot cell is disconnected from the panel by a pair of transistors, and bypassed by a diode. In the second Semi-Pilot Panel method the open circuit voltage is measured on a pilot panel in a large PV system. The proposed methods are validated using simulations and experiments. It is shown that both methods can accurately estimate the maximum power point voltage, and hence improve the system efficiency.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Lessa Tofoli ◽  
Dênis de Castro Pereira ◽  
Wesley Josias de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

The generation of electricity from photovoltaic (PV) arrays has been increasingly considered as a prominent alternative to fossil fuels. However, the conversion efficiency is typically low and the initial cost is still appreciable. A required feature of a PV system is the ability to track the maximum power point (MPP) of the PV array. Besides, MPP tracking (MPPT) is desirable in both grid-connected and stand-alone photovoltaic systems because the solar irradiance and temperature change throughout the day, as well as along seasons and geographical conditions, also leading to the modification of theI×V(current versus voltage) andP×V(power versus voltage) curves of the PV module. MPPT is also justified by the relatively high cost of the energy generated by PV systems if compared with other sources. Since there are various MPPT approaches available in the literature, this work presents a comparative study among four popular techniques, which are the fixed duty cycle method, constant voltage (CV), perturb and observe (P&O), and incremental conductance (IC). It considers different operational climatic conditions (i.e., irradiance and temperature), since the MPP is nonlinear with the environment status. PSIM software is used to validate the assumptions, while relevant results are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS MPPT TECHNIQUES UNDER THE CHARACTERISTICS OF OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Elzein ◽  
Yu. N. Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

In this article an extended literature surveying review is launched on a set of comparative studies of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. Different MPPT methods are addressed with an ultimate aim of how to be maximizing the PV system output power by tracking Pmax in a set of different operational circumstances. In this paper maximum power point tracking, MPPT techniques are reviewed on basis of different parameters related to the design simplicity and/or complexity, implementation, hardware required, and other related aspects.he technology of solar systems has been booming for a while due to its ability to replace current fossil fuels like coal and gas for generation of electricity that produce air, water, and land pollution. In addition it decreased the issue of global warming and climate changes substantially due to being produced in a clean environmental manner and was proved to be an Eco-friendly resource of energy. The photovoltaic systems’ manufacturing process has been improving continuously over the last decade and photovoltaic systems have become an interesting solution. Precisely, PV systems are constituted from arrays of photovoltaic cells, choppers (mainly buck-boost or boost DC/DC converter), MPPT control systems and storage devices and/or grid connections. To improve the efficiency of such systems, various studies have been performed. The demand of PV generation systems seems to be increased for both standalone and grid-connected modes of PV systems. Therefore, an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is necessary to initialize the process of tracking the maximum power point MPP at all environmental conditions and then force the PV system to operate at that MPP point.

scholarly journals Review of Maximum Power Point Tracking Control of Photovoltaic Systems in Case of Uniform & Non-uniform Irradiance Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. xv-xv
Author(s):  
Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

It is crucial to improve the photovoltaic (PV) system efficiency and to develop the reliability of PV generation control systems. One of the approaches to increase the efficiency of PV power generation system is to operate the PV systems optimally at the maximum power point. However, the PV system can be optimally operated only at a specific output voltage; otherwise the output power fluctuates under intermittent weather conditions. In addition, it is very difficult to test the performance of PV systems controller under the same weather condition during the development process where the field testing is costly and time consuming. For these reasons, the presentation is about the state of the art techniques to track the maximum available output power of photovoltaic systems called maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control systems. This topic could be also one of the most challenges in photovoltaic systems application that has been receiving much more attention worldwide. The talks will cover the application of intelligent techniques by means the artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic controller scheme using polar information to develop a novel real-time simulation technique for MPPT control by using dSPACE real-time interface system. In this case, the three-layer feed-forward ANN is trained once for different scenarios to determine the global MPP voltage and power and the fuzzy logic with polar information controller takes the global maximum power point (MPP) voltage as a reference voltage to generate the required control signal for the power converter. This type of fuzzy logic rules is implemented for the first time in MPPT control application. The proposed method has been tested using different solar cell technologies such as monocrystalline silicon, thin-film cadmium telluride and triple junction amorphous silicon solar cells. The verification of availability and stability of the proposed system through the real-time simulator shows that the proposed system can respond accurately for different scenarios and different solar cell technologies. In other cases, one of the main causes of reducing energy yield of photovoltaic systems is the partially shaded condition. Although the conventional MPPT control algorithms operate well in a uniform solar irradiance, they do not operate well in non-uniform solar irradiance conditions. The non-uniform conditions cause multiple local maximum power points on the power-voltage curve. The conventional MPPT methods cannot distinguish between the global and local peaks. Since the global power point may change within a large voltage window and also its position depends on shading patterns, it is very difficult to recognize the global operating point under partially shaded conditions. From these reasons, the presentation will address the effectiveness of the proposed MPPT method to solve the partially shaded conditions under the experimental real-time simulation technique based dSPACE real-time interface system for different size of PV arrays, such as 3x3(0.5kW) and 20x3(3.3kW) and different interconnected PV arrays, for instance series-parallel (SP), bridge link (BL) and total cross tied (TCT) configurations.

scholarly journals Overview of Maximum Power Point Tracking Methods for PV System in Micro Grid

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Sub Ko ◽  
Jun-Ho Huh ◽  
Jong-Chan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Micro Grids

This paper presents an overview of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods for photovoltaic (PV) systems used in the Micro Grids of PV systems. In the PV system, the output varies nonlinearly with temperature and radiation, and the point at which power is maximized appears accordingly. The MPPT of the PV system can improve output by about 25%, and it is very important to operate at this point at all times. Various methods of tracking the MPP of the PV system have been studied and proposed. In this paper, we discuss commonly used methods for the MPPT of PV systems, methods using artificial intelligence control, and mixed methods, and present the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each method.

A New Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Scheme in Photovoltaic Systems for Energy Saving

2013 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Guo ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Mi Dong ◽  
Mei Su ◽  
Qun Tai Shen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Power Point

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control could significantly increase the overall reliability and conversion efficiency of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems, so it can reduce energy loss in the photoelectric conversion. In this paper, a new MPPT (Zero Average Incremental Conductance) control algorithm is proposed. This method has the advantages of traditional IncCond MPPT. Moreover, it is stable against interference and not sensitive to system models. Therefore the proposed algorithm could be available and widely used in practical MPPT systems. A 200W grid-connected PV system prototype is built in lab. Experiment results verify the effectiveness of the proposed MPPT method.

scholarly journals Assessing Maximum Power Point Tracking Intelligent Techniques on a PV System with a Buck–Boost Converter

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7453
Author(s):  
Maria I. S. Guerra ◽  
Fábio M. Ugulino de Araújo ◽  
Mahmoud Dhimish ◽  
Romênia G. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Tracking Accuracy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

Classic and intelligent techniques aim to locate and track the maximum power point of photovoltaic (PV) systems, such as perturb and observe (P&O), fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFISs). This paper proposes and compares three intelligent algorithms for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control, specifically fuzzy, ANN, and ANFIS. The modeling of a single-diode equivalent circuit-based 3 kWp PV plant was developed and validated to achieve this purpose. Then, the MPPT techniques were designed and applied to control the buck–boost converter’s switching device of the PV plant. All three methods use the ambient conditions as input variables: solar irradiance and ambient temperature. The proposed methodology comprises the study of the dynamic response for tracking the maximum power point and the power generated of the PV systems, and it was compared to the classic P&O technique under varying ambient conditions. We observed that the intelligent techniques outperformed the classic P&O method in tracking speed, tracking accuracy, and reducing oscillation around the maximum power point (MPP). The ANN technique was the better control algorithm in energy gain, managing to recover up to 9.9% power.

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